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| نشرة الممارس الصحي | نشرة معلومات المريض بالعربية | نشرة معلومات المريض بالانجليزية | صور الدواء | بيانات الدواء |
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Olmetec belongs to a group of medicines called angiotensin-II receptor
antagonists. They lower blood pressure by relaxing the blood vessels.
Olmetec is used for the treatment of high blood pressure )also known as
‘hypertension’(. High blood pressure can damage blood vessels in organs
such as the heart, kidneys, brain and eyes. In some cases, this may lead
to a heart attack, heart or kidney failure, stroke or blindness. Usually high
blood pressure has no symptoms. It is important to have your blood pressure
checked to prevent damage occurring.
High blood pressure can be controlled with medicines such as Olmetec
tablets. Your doctor has probably also recommended that you make some
changes in your lifestyle to help lower your blood pressure )for example
losing weight, giving up smoking, reducing the amount of alcohol you
drink and reducing the amount of salt in your diet(. Your doctor may also
have urged you to take regular exercise, such as walking or swimming. It is
important to follow this advice from your doctor
Do not take Olmetec
• if you are allergic )hypersensitive( to olmesartan medoxomil or to any
other of the ingredients of Olmetec.
• If you are pregnant or may be pregnant. )See pregnancy section.(
• Olmetec should not be co-administered with aliskiren fumarate in patients
with diabetes )except for patients with poor blood pressure control with
other antihypertensive treatment( or renal impairment.
• if you suffer from yellowing of the skin and eyes )jaundice( or problems
with drainage of the bile from the gallbladder )biliary obstruction e.g.
gallstones(.
Take special care with Olmetec
Before you take the tablets, tell your doctor if you have any of the following
health problems:
• Dual Blockade of the Renin-Angiotensin-aldosterone System )RAAS(:
Combination of Olmetec with ACE inhibitors, or aliskiren may cause increased
risks of hyperkalemia, worsening of kidney function and hypotension.
Therefore, this combination should not be used, especially in patients with
kidney problems.
• Kidney problems
• Liver disease
• Heart failure or problems with your heart valves or heart muscle.
• Severe vomiting, diarrhoea, treatment with high doses of water tablets
)diuretics( or if you are on a low salt diet.
• Increased levels of potassium in your blood.
• Problems with your adrenal glands.
As with any medicine which reduces blood pressure, an excessive drop in
blood pressure in patients with blood flow disturbances of the heart or brain
could lead to a heart attack or stroke. Your doctor will therefore check your
blood pressure carefully.
• Intestinal angioedema, a condition where swelling occurs in the intestines,
has been documented in individuals receiving angiotensin II receptor
antagonists. Affected patients typically experience abdominal pain,
nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The symptoms generally improve once the
angiotensin II receptor antagonists are stopped. If intestinal angioedema
is identified, the medication should be ceased, and the individual should be
carefully monitored until all symptoms have completely disappeared.
Taking other medicines
Please tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking or have recently taken
any of the following medicines:
• Aliskiren fumarate )In patients with diabetes, except for patients with
very poor blood pressure control with other antihypertensive treatment( or
renal impairment.
• Dual blockade )e.g by adding ACE inhibitor to Olmetec ( should not be used,
especially in patients with Kidney problems.
• Potassium supplements, a salt substitute which contains potassium, water
tablets )diuretics( or heparin )for thinning the blood(. Using these medicines
at the same time as Olmetec may raise the levels of potassium in your blood.
• Lithium )a medicine used to treat mood swings and some types of
depression( used at the same time, as Olmetec may increase the toxicity
of lithium. If you have to take lithium, your doctor will measure your lithium
blood levels.
• Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory )NSAIDs( medicines )medicines used
to relieve pain, swelling and other symptoms of inflammation, including
arthritis( used at the same time as Olmetec may increase the risk of kidney
failure and the effect of Olmetec can be decreased by NSAIDs.
• Other blood pressure lowering medicines, as the effect of Olmetec can be
increased.
• Certain antacids )indigestion remedies(, as the effect of Olmetec can be
slightly decreased.
Please tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking or have recently taken
any other medicines, including medicines obtained without a prescription.
Taking Olmetec with food and drink
Olmetec can be taken with or without food. Swallow the tablets with a
little water. If possible, take your daily dose at the same time each day, for
example at breakfast time.
Children and adolescents )under 18(
Olmetec is not recommended for children and adolescents under the age
of 18.
Elderly patients
If you are over 65 years of age and your doctor decides to increase your
dose of olmesartan medoxomil to 40 mg daily, then you need to have your
blood pressure regularly checked by your doctor to make sure that your
blood pressure does not become too low.
Black patients
As with other similar drugs the blood pressure lowering effect of Olmetec is
somewhat less in black patients.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding Pregnancy
Olmetec should be avoided in pregnant or potentially pregnant women.
Administration should be discontinued immediately if the patient is found
to be pregnant during treatment.
Breastfeeding
Tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding or about to start breast-feeding.
Olmetec is not recommended for mothers who are breast-feeding, and your
doctor may choose another treatment for you if you wish to breast-feed,
especially if your baby is newborn, or was born prematurely.
Ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice before taking any medicine.
Driving and using machines
It is unlikely that Olmetec will affect your ability to drive or operate
machinery. However, dizziness or fatigue can occasionally occur during the
treatment of high blood pressure. If you notice such effects, do not drive
or use machines until the symptoms wear off. Ask your doctor for advice.
Important information about some of the ingredients in Olmetec
This medicine contains lactose )a type of sugar(. If you have been told by
your doctor that you have intolerance to some sugars, you should contact
your doctor before taking this medicinal product.
Always take Olmetec exactly as your doctor has told you. You should check
with your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure.
The tablets can be taken with or without food. Swallow the tablets with a
little water. If possible, take your daily dose at the same time each day, for
example at breakfast time.
The usual starting dose is one 10 mg tablet once a day. However, if your
blood pressure is not controlled, your doctor may decide to change your
dose up to 20 or 40 mg once a day, or prescribe additional medicines.
In patients with mild to moderate kidney disease, your dose will not be
higher than 20 mg once a day.
If you take more Olmetec than you should
If you take more tablets than you should or if a child accidentally swallows
some, go to your doctor or nearest emergency department immediately and
take your medicine pack with you.
If you forget to take Olmetec
If you forget a dose, take your normal dose on the following day as usual. Do
not take any extra tablets to make up for the missed dose.
If you stop taking Olmetec
It is important to continue to take Olmetec unless your doctor tells you to
stop.
If you have any further questions on the use of this product, ask your doctor
or pharmacist.
Like all medicines, Olmetec can cause side effects, although not everybody
gets them. If they do occur, they are often mild and do not require treatment
to be stopped.
Although not many people may get them, the following two side effects
can be serious:
On very rare occasions the following allergic reactions have been reported:
Swelling of the face, mouth and/or larynx )voice box( together with itching
and rash may occur during treatment with Olmetec. If this happens
stop taking Olmetec and contact your doctor immediately. Rarely
)but slightly more often in elderly patients( Olmetec can cause the blood
pressure to fall too low in susceptible individuals. This could cause severe
light-headedness or fainting. If this occurs stop taking Olmetec, contact
your doctor immediately and lie down flat.
To give you an idea of how many patients might get side effects, they have
been listed as common, uncommon, rare and very rare. These mean the
following:
| Common | )less than 1 in 10 people.( |
| Uncommon | )less than 1 in 100 people.( |
| Rare Very rare | )less than 1 in 1,000 people.( )less than 1 in 10,000 people.( |
• Common side effects:
Dizziness, nausea, indigestion, diarrhea, stomach ache, gastroenteritis,
tiredness, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, bronchitis, flu-like symptoms,
cough, pain in the chest, back, bones or joints, infection of the urinary tract,
swelling of ankles, feet, legs, hands, or arms, blood in the urine.
Some changes in blood test results have also been seen and include the
following:
Increased fat levels )hypertriglyceridaemia(, Increased uric acid levels
)hyperuricaemia(, Increases in tests of liver and muscle function.
• Uncommon side effects:
Vertigo, skin rash, angina )pain or uncomfortable feeling in the chest(
• Rare side effects:
Rarely, blood test results have shown increased potassium levels
)hyperkalaemia(.
• Very rare side effects:
Headache, muscle cramps and muscular pain, impaired kidney function,
kidney failure, weakness, lack of energy, feeling unwell, vomiting, itching,
exanthema )skin eruption(.
Some changes in blood test results have also been seen. These include
increased levels of compounds related to kidney function and reduced
numbers of a type of blood cell, known as platelets )thrombocytopenia(.
If any of the side effects gets serious, or if you notice any side effects not
listed in this leaflet, please tell your doctor or pharmacist.
• Not known:
- Sprue-like enteropathy, you should contact your healthcare professional
right away if you experience severe diarrhea, diarrhea that does not go
away, or significant weight loss."
- If you experience yellowing of the whites of the eyes, dark urine, itching
of the skin, even if you started therapy with Olmetec long ago, contact your
doctor immediately who will evaluate your symptoms and decide on how to
continue your blood pressure medication.
- Intestinal angioedema
Use in Children and Adolescents
In a study with 361 children aged 1–17 years, the side effects of olmesartan
were similar to those in adults. However, some side effects were more
common in children:
- Nosebleeds )epistaxis( occurred more often in children than in adults.
- In children aged 6–17 years taking a high dose, dizziness and headaches
were reported about twice as often during a 3-week study.
Overall, the safety of olmesartan in children is similar to that in adults.
If any of the side effects gets serious, or if you notice any side effects
not listed in this leaflet, please tell doctor or pharmacist.
Keep out of the reach and sight of children.
Store below 30°C.
Do not use Olmetec after the expiry date )“EXP”( which is stated on the box
and on the blister strip. The expiry date refers to the last day of that month.
Medicines should not be disposed of via wastewater or household waste.
Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medicines no longer required. These
measures will help to protect the environment.
• The active substance is Olmesartan medoxomil
Each film-coated tablet contains 20 mg Olmesartan medoxomil.
• Other ingredients are:
Hydroxypropylcellulose, Lactose, Low-substituted, Hydroxypropyl
cellulose, Opadry، magnesium stearate and microcrystalline cellulose.
SAJA Pharmaceuticals
Saudi Arabian Japanese pharmaceutical company limited
Jeddah - Saudi Arabia
Under license from Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd.
Tokyo-Japan
To report any side effect(s)
• Saudi Arabia
- The National Pharmacovigilance Centre )NPC(:
- SFDA Call Center: 19999
- E-mail: npc.drug@sfda.gov.sa
- Website: https://ade.sfda.gov.sa
• United Arab Emirates
Emirates Drug Establishment
United Arab Emirates
Email: pv@ede.gov.ae
Tel: 80033784
• Other GCC states /other countries
-Please contact the relevant competent authority.
- ينتمي أولميتك إلى مجموعة من الأدوية تسمى مناهضات مستقبلات هرمون الأنجيوتنسين وهي تقلل ضغط الدم عن طريق إرخاء الأوعية الدموية.
- يستخدم أولميتك لعلاج ارتفاع ضغط الدم الذي من الممكن أن يضر الأوعية الدموية في الأعضاء مثل القلب والكليتين والمخ والعينين.
- وقد يؤدي ذلك في بعض الأحيان إلى حدوث نوبة قلبية أو هبوط (فشل) القلب أو فشل كلوي أو سكتة دماغية أو عمى، ولا توجد في العادة أعراض لارتفاع ضغط الدم، لذلك، من المهم فحص ضغط الدم لديك لمنع وقوع أي ضرر عليك.
- يمكن التحكم في ضغط الدم المرتفع باستخدام أدوية مثل أقراص أولميتك.
- قد يكون طبيبك قد أوصاك أيضًا بإجراء بعض التغييرات في أسلوب حياتك للمساعدة في خفض ضغط الدم لديك على سبيل المثال: إنقاص الوزن والإقلاع عن التدخين وتقليل كمية الكحوليات التي تشربها وتقليل كمية الملح في طعامك.
قد يكون طبيبك قد حثك أيضًا على ممارسة التمارين بشكل منتظم مثل المشي أو السباحة ومن المهم أن تتبع هذه النصيحة من طبيبك.
لا تتناول أولميتك في الحالات الآتية:
- إذا كنت تعاني من حساسية (فرط الحساسية) تجاه أولميسارتان ميدوكسوميل أو لأي من مكونات أولميتك.
- إذا كنت حاملًا أو قد تكونين حاملًا (انظري قسم "الحمل").
- يجب تجنب تناول أولميتك مع فومارات أليسيرين في المرضى الذين يعانون من مرض السكري (باستثناء المرضى الذين يعانون من صعوبة التحكم في ضغط الدم مع العلاجات الخافضة للضغط الأخرى) أو القصور الكلوي.
- إذا كنت تعاني من اصفرار البشرة والعينين (اليرقان) أو مشاكل مرتبطة بتصريف العصارة الصفراوية من المرارة (انسداد مراري مثل حصى المرارة).
- إذا كنت تعاني من حساسية (فرط الحساسية) تجاه أولميسارتان ميدوكسوميل أو لأي من مكونات أولميتك.
توخ حذرًا خاصًا مع أولميتك
- قبل أن تتناول الأقراص، أخبر طبيبك إذا كنت تعاني من أي من المشاكل التالية:
- نظام حاصرات الرينين أنجيوتنسين الدوستيرون (RAAS).
- استعمال أولميتك مع مثبطات الإنزيم المحول للأنجيوتنسين، أو الأليسيرين قد يسبب مخاطر ارتفاع نسبة البوتاسيوم بالدم، وتدهور وظائف الكلى وانخفاض ضغط الدم.
- ولذلك، يجب ألا تستعمل هذه الأدوية معًا، خصوصًا في المرضى الذين يعانون من مشاكل في الكلى.
- مشاكل في الكلى.
- مرض بالكبد.
- مرض الأمعاء: إسهال شديد بسبب مرض في الأمعاء ويسبب فقدان الوزن.
- هبوط القلب أو مشاكل في صمامات القلب أو عضلة القلب.
- قيء شديد أو إسهال أو كنت تتناول علاجًا بجرعات مرتفعة من أقراص الماء (مدرات البول) أو إذا كنت تتبع نظامًا غذائيًا محدود الملح.
- ارتفاع مستويات البوتاسيوم في الدم.
- مشاكل في الغدد الكظرية
- كما هو الحال مع أي دواء خافض لضغط الدم، قد يؤدي الانخفاض المتزايد في ضغط الدم لدى المرضى الذين يعانون من اضطرابات تدفق الدم بالقلب أو الدماغ إلى نوبة قلبية أو سكتة دماغية، ولذا يجب أن يقوم طبيبك بفحص ضغط الدم لديك بعناية..
- الوذمة الوعائية المعوية.
- الأفراد الذين يتلقون مضادات مستقبلات الأنجيوتنسين عادة ما يعانون من آلام في البطن والقيء والإسهال وتتحسن الأعراض عمومًا بمجرد إيقاف مضادات مستقبل الأنجيوتنسين II.
- إذا تم تشخيص الوذمة الوعائية المعوية فيجب إيقاف الدواء، ويجب مراقبة المريض بعناية حتى تختفي جميع الأعراض تمامًا.
- نظام حاصرات الرينين أنجيوتنسين الدوستيرون (RAAS).
تناول أدوية أخرى
- يرجى إبلاغ الطبيب أو الصيدلي الخاص بك إذا كنت تتناول أو تناولت مؤخرًا أيًا من الأدوية التالية:
- فومارات أليسيرين في المرضى الذين يعانون من مرض السكري (باستثناء المرضى الذين يعانون من صعوبة التحكم في ضغط الدم مع العلاجات الخافضة للضغط الأخرى) أو القصور الكلوي.
- يجب عدم استعمال حاصرات رينين أنجيوتنسين المزدوج (مثالًا مع مثبطات الإنزيم المحول للأنجيوتنسين لدواء أولميتك)، وخاصة في المرضى الذين يعانون من مشاكل في الكلى.
- مكملات غذائية تحتوي على البوتاسيوم أو بدائل ملح تحتوي على البوتاسيوم أو أقراص ماء (مدرات بول) أو هيبارين (لزيادة سيولة الدم) إن استخدام هذه الأدوية في نفس الوقت مع أولميتك قد يرفع من مستويات البوتاسيوم لديك في الدم.
- الليثيوم (دواء يُستخدم لعلاج التقلبات المزاجية وبعض أنواع الاكتئاب)، حيث إن استخدامه في نفس الوقت مع أولميتك قد يزيد من سمية الليثيوم. إذا كان يجب عليك تناول الليثيوم، فسيقوم طبيبك بقياس مستويات الليثيوم لديك في الدم.
- مضادات الالتهاب غير الستيرويدية (NSAIDs) (أدوية تُستخدم لتخفيف الألم والتورم وأعراض أخرى للالتهاب من بينها التهاب المفاصل)، حيث إن استخدامها في نفس الوقت مع أولميتك قد يزيد من خطورة الفشل الكلوي.
- وقد يقل تأثير أولميتك عند تناوله مع مضادات الالتهاب غير الستيرويدية.
- أدوية أخرى خافضة لضغط الدم لأن ذلك قد يزيد من تأثير أولميتك.
- مضادات حموضة معينة (علاجات عسر الهضم) حيث قد يقل تأثير أولميتك إلى حد ما.
- فومارات أليسيرين في المرضى الذين يعانون من مرض السكري (باستثناء المرضى الذين يعانون من صعوبة التحكم في ضغط الدم مع العلاجات الخافضة للضغط الأخرى) أو القصور الكلوي.
يرجى إبلاغ الطبيب أو الصيدلي الخاص بك إذا كنت تتناول أو تناولت مؤخرًا أية أدوية أخرى، بما فيها الأدوية التي يتم الحصول عليها دون وصفة طبية.
- قبل أن تتناول الأقراص، أخبر طبيبك إذا كنت تعاني من أي من المشاكل التالية:
تناول أولميتك مع الطعام والشراب
- يمكن تناول أولميتك مع الطعام أو بدونه.
- ابتلع الأقراص مع كمية قليلة من الماء.
- إن أمكن تناول جرعتك اليومية في نفس الوقت من كل يوم على سبيل المثال: في وقت الإفطار.
الأطفال والمراهقون (أقل من 18 سنة)
- لا يوصى باستخدام أولميتك للأطفال والمراهقين أقل من 18 سنة.
المرضى وكبار السن
- إذا كان عمرك يتعدى 70 عامًا وقرر طبيبك زيادة جرعتك من أولميسارتان ميدوكسوميل إلى 40 ملغ، فيجب أن يقوم طبيبك حينئذ بفحص ضغط الدم لديك بانتظام للتأكد من أن ضغط الدم لديك لم ينخفض بشدة.
المرضى ذوي البشرة السمراء
- كما هو الحال مع أدوية أخرى يكون تأثير أولميتك الخافض لضغط الدم أقل إلى حد ما في المرضى ذوي البشرة السمراء.
الحمل والرضاعة الطبيعية
الحمل
- يجب تجنب استخدام أولميتك في النساء الحوامل أو اللواتي قد يكن حوامل.
- يجب وقف العلاج على الفور إذا تبين أن المريضة حامل خلال فترة العلاج.
- يجب تجنب استخدام أولميتك في النساء الحوامل أو اللواتي قد يكن حوامل.
الرضاعة الطبيعية
- أخبري طبيبك إذا كنت ترضعين طفلك طبيعيًا أو كنت على وشك البدء في إرضاعه طبيعيًا.
- لا يوصى باستخدام أولميتك للأمهات المرضعات وقد يختار طبيبك علاجًا آخر لك إذا كنت تريدين الإرضاع طبيعيًا، خاصة إذا كان طفلك حديث الولادة أو مبتسرًا.
- استشيري الطبيب أو الصيدلي الخاص بك قبل تناول أي دواء.
- أخبري طبيبك إذا كنت ترضعين طفلك طبيعيًا أو كنت على وشك البدء في إرضاعه طبيعيًا.
القيادة واستخدام الآلات
- من غير المرجح أن يؤثر أولميتك في قدرتك على القيادة أو استخدام الآلات.
- ومع ذلك، قد تحدث دوخة أو إغماء في بعض الأحيان أثناء علاج ضغط الدم المرتفع.
- إذا لاحظت هذه الأعراض، فلا تقم بالقيادة ولا تستخدم الآلات حتى تزول الأعراض، استشر طبيبك.
معلومات هامة عن بعض مكونات أولميتك
- يحتوي هذا الدواء على سكر اللاكتوز.
- إذا كان طبيبك قد أبلغك بأنك لا تتحمل بعض أنواع السكريات، فيجب استشارته قبل تناول هذا الدواء.
- تناول دائمًا أولميتك بالضبط كما أخبرك طبيبك.
- إذا لم تكن متأكدًا، يجب عليك مراجعة الطبيب أو الصيدلي الخاص بك.
- يمكن تناول الأقراص مع الطعام أو بدونه.
- ابتلع الأقراص مع كمية قليلة من الماء إن أمكن.
- تناول جرعتك اليومية في نفس الوقت كل يوم، على سبيل المثال في وقت الإفطار.
- الجرعة المعتادة للبدء هي قرص واحد 10 ملغ مرة واحدة في اليوم.
- ومع ذلك، إذا لم يتم التحكم في ضغط الدم لديك، فقد يقرر طبيبك تغيير جرعتك لتصل إلى 20 أو 40 ملغ مرة واحدة في اليوم، أو يقوم بوصف أدوية إضافية.
- بالنسبة للمرضى المصابين بمرض خفيف إلى متوسط بالكلى لن تكون الجرعة أكثر من 20 ملغ مرة واحدة في اليوم.
- إذا تناولت كمية من أولميتك أكثر مما يجب.
إذا تناولت أقراصًا أكثر مما يجب، أو إذا قام طفل بابتلاع بعض منها بطريق الخطأ، فتوجه إلى طبيبك أو إلى أقرب قسم للطوارئ على الفور واصطحب معك عبوة الدواء.
إذا نسيت تناول أولميتك
إذا نسيت تناول جرعة , فتناول جرعتك العادية في اليوم التالي كالمعتاد. لاتتناول أية أقراص إضافية لتعويض الجرعة التي نسيتها.
- إذا توقفت عن تناول أولميتك
من المهم ان تستمر في تناول أولميتك مالم يخبرك طبيبك بالتوقف.
إذا كان لديك أية أسئلة أخرى حول استخدام هذا الدواء, فاستشر الطبيب أو الصيدلي الخاص بك
- مثل جميع الأدوية، يمكن أن يسبب أولميتك أعراضًا جانبية لكنها لا تحدث للجميع.
- وإذا حدثت، تكون غالبًا خفيفة ولا تحتاج إلى إيقاف العلاج.
- بالرغم من عدم معاناة أشخاص كثيرين منها، غير أن العرضين الجانبيين التاليين قد يكونان خطيرين.
- تم الإبلاغ في حالات نادرة جدًا عن تفاعلات الحساسية التالية: تورم في الوجه والفم و/أو الحنجرة (صندوق الصوت) مع حكة وطفح جلدي أثناء العلاج باستخدام أولميتك.
- إذا حدث ذلك، فتوقف عن تناول أولميتك واتصل بطبيبك على الفور.
- يمكن أن يسبب أولميتك انخفاضًا كبيرًا جدًا في ضغط الدم في الأفراد الأكثر عرضة لذلك (إلا أن ذلك يحدث بشكل نادر ولكن في كثير من الأحيان يكون أكثر قليلًا في المرضى كبار السن)، وقد يسبب ذلك دوخة أو إغماء.
- إذا حدث ذلك، فتوقف عن تناول أولميتك واتصل بطبيبك على الفور وتمدد في وضع الاستلقاء.
- لإعطائك فكرة عن عدد المرضى الذين قد يعانون من الأعراض الجانبية، تم إخراج الأعراض الجانبية على هيئة أعراض جانبية شائعة وغير شائعة ونادرة ونادرة جدًا. وهي تعني ما يلي:
شائعة: أقل من شخص واحد بين كل 10 أشخاص.
غير شائعة: أقل من شخص واحد بين كل 100 شخص.
نادرة: أقل من شخص واحد بين كل 1,000 شخص.
نادرة جدًا: أقل من شخص واحد بين كل 10,000 شخص.
- الأعراض الجانبية الشائعة:
- دوخة، غثيان، عسر هضم، إسهال، ألم بالمعدة، التهاب المعدة والأمعاء، تعب.
- التهاب الحلق، رشح الأنف أو انسدادها، التهاب القصبات الهوائية، أعراض شبيهة بالأنفلونزا، سعال، ألم في الصدر والظهر والعظام أو المفاصل، عدوى في المسالك البولية، تورم الكاحلين، القدمين، الساقين، اليدين أو الذراعين، ظهور دم في البول.
- كما تمت ملاحظة بعض التغييرات في فحوصات الدم وتتضمن ما يلي: ارتفاع مستويات الدهون (فرط الدهون الثلاثية بالدم) وزيادة مستويات حمض اليوريك وارتفاعًا في قيم اختبارات وظائف الكبد والعضلات.
- دوخة، غثيان، عسر هضم، إسهال، ألم بالمعدة، التهاب المعدة والأمعاء، تعب.
- الأعراض الجانبية غير الشائعة:
- دوار، طفح جلدي، ذبحة (ألم أو شعور بعدم الراحة في الصدر).
- دوار، طفح جلدي، ذبحة (ألم أو شعور بعدم الراحة في الصدر).
- الأعراض الجانبية النادرة:
- نادرًا ما أظهرت نتائج اختبار الدم ارتفاعًا بمستويات البوتاسيوم في الدم.
- نادرًا ما أظهرت نتائج اختبار الدم ارتفاعًا بمستويات البوتاسيوم في الدم.
- الأعراض الجانبية النادرة جدًا:
- صداع، تقلصات عضلية وألم عضلي، قصور بوظائف الكلى، فشل كلوي، ضعف، فقدان الطاقة، الشعور بالمرض، قيء، حكة، طفح جلدي.
- كما تم أيضًا ملاحظة بعض التغييرات في نتائج اختبار الدم، وتتضمن ارتفاع مستويات المركبات المتعلقة بوظائف الكلى وانخفاض أعداد نوع من خلايا الدم يُعرف بالصفائح الدموية (قلة الصفائح الدموية).
- صداع، تقلصات عضلية وألم عضلي، قصور بوظائف الكلى، فشل كلوي، ضعف، فقدان الطاقة، الشعور بالمرض، قيء، حكة، طفح جلدي.
- غير معروف:
- مرض في الأمعاء: إسهال شديد يسبب فقدان الوزن.
- وينبغي الاتصال بالطبيب على الفور عند الشعور بهذه الأعراض.
- إذا كنت تعاني من اصفرار بياض العين، والبول الداكن، وحكة في الجلد. حتى لو كنت بدأت العلاج بأولميتك منذ فترة طويلة، فاتصل بطبيبك على الفور الذي سيقيم أعراضك ويقرر كيفية متابعة علاج ضغط الدم.
- الوذمة الوعائية المعوية.
- مرض في الأمعاء: إسهال شديد يسبب فقدان الوزن.
الاستخدام لدى الأطفال والمراهقين
- في دراسة شملت 361 طفلًا تتراوح أعمارهم بين 1 و17 عامًا، كانت الآثار الجانبية للأولميسارتان مشابهة لتلك التي تحدث لدى البالغين.
- ومع ذلك، كانت بعض الآثار الجانبية أكثر شيوعًا لدى الأطفال: الوذمة الوعائية المعوية وهي حالة يحدث فيها التورم في الأمعاء لدى الأفراد الذين يتلقون مضادات مستقبلات الأنجيوتنسين.
- كانت نزيف الأنف (الرعاف) أكثر شيوعًا لدى الأطفال مقارنة بالبالغين.
- في الأطفال الذين تتراوح أعمارهم بين 6 و17 عامًا والذين تناولوا جرعة عالية، تم الإبلاغ عن الدوخة والصداع بمعدل يقارب الضعف خلال دراسة استمرت 3 أسابيع.
- بشكل عام، فإن سلامة الأولميسارتان لدى الأطفال تشبه إلى حد كبير سلامته لدى البالغين.
إذا أصبح أي من الأعراض الجانبية خطيرًا، أو إذا لاحظت أية أعراض جانبية غير مدرجة في هذه النشرة، فيرجى إبلاغ الطبيب أو الصيدلي الخاص بك.
- يُحفظ بعيدًا عن متناول ورؤية الأطفال.
- يُحفظ في درجة حرارة أقل من 30 درجة مئوية.
- لا تستخدم أولميتك بعد تاريخ انتهاء الصلاحية (EXP) المدون على العبوة والشريط. ويشير تاريخ انتهاء الصلاحية إلى اليوم الأخير في ذلك الشهر.
- يجب عدم التخلص من الأدوية عن طريق إلقائها في مياه الصرف أو مع المخلفات المنزلية.
استفسر من الصيدلي الخاص بك عن كيفية التخلص من الأدوية التي لم تعد بحاجة إليها. ستساعد هذه الإجراءات على حماية البيئة
- المادة الفعالة هي أولميسارتان ميدوكسوميل.
- يحتوي كل قرص مغلف على 20 ملغ أولميسارتان ميدوكسوميل.
المكونات الأخرى هي:
- هيدروكسي بروبيل السليلوز، لاكتوز، هيدروكسي بروبيل السليلوز متخصص.
النشا، وستيرات المغنيسيوم وسليلوز دقيق التبلور.
- أولميتك 20 ملغ: أقراص مغلفة ذات اللون الأبيض ودائرية الشكل منقوش على جانبيها S171.
تحتوي العبوة على 28 قرصًا مغلفًا.
مصنع سَاجَا للصناعات الدوائية
الشركة العربية السعودية اليابانية للمنتجات الصيدلانية المحدودة
جَدّة – المملكة العربية السعودية
بِتَرْخِيصِ من
شِركَة دَاييَشي سانكيو المَحْدُودة
طوكيو - اليابان
للإبلاغ عن أية آثار جانبية
• المملكة العربية السعودية
المركز الوطني للتيقظ والسلامة الدوائية
- مركز اتصالات الهيئة العامة للغذاء والدواء السعودية : 19999
npc.drug@sfda.gov.sa :- البريد الإلكتروني
https://ade.sfda.gov.sa :-
الإمارات العربية المتحدة
- مؤسسة الإمارات للدواء.
- الإمارات العربية المتحدة.
- البريد الإلكتروني: pv@ede.gov.ae.
- الهاتف: 80023784.
• دول الخليج الأخرى/ الدول الأخرى
- الرجاء الاتصال بالمؤسسات و الهيئات الوطنية في كل دولة
Treatment of essential hypertension
Adults
The recommended starting dose of Olmesartan medoxomil is 10 mg once daily. In patients whose blood pressure is not adequately controlled at this dose, the dose of Olmesartan medoxomil may be increased to 20 mg once daily as the optimal dose. If additional blood pressure reduction is required, Olmesartan medoxomil dose may be increased to a maximum of 40 mg daily or hydrochlorothiazide therapy may be added. The antihypertensive effect of Olmesartan medoxomil is substantially present within 2 weeks of initiating therapy and is maximal by about 8 weeks after initiating therapy. This should be borne in mind when considering changing the dose regimen for any patient.
In order to assist compliance, it is recommended that Olmetec tablets be taken at about the same time each day, with or without food, for example at breakfast time. Elderly
No adjustment of dosage is generally required in elderly patients (see below for dose recommendations in patients with renal impairment). If up-titration to the maximum dose of 40 mg daily is required, blood pressure should be closely monitored.
Renal impairment
The maximum dose in patients with mild to moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance of 20 – 60 mL/min) is 20 mg Olmesartan medoxomil once daily, owing to limited experience of higher dosages in this patient group. The use of Olmesartan medoxomil in patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 20 mL/min) is not recommended, since there is only limited experience in this patient
group (see sections 4.4, 5.2).
Hepatic impairment
No adjustment of dosage recommendations is required for patients with mild hepatic impairment. In patients with moderate hepatic impairment, an initial dose of10 mg Olmesartan medoxomil once daily is recommended and the maximum dose should not exceed 20 mg once daily. Close monitoring of blood pressure and renal function is advised in hepatically-impaired patients who are already receiving diuretics and/or other antihypertensive agents. There is no experience of Olmesartan medoxomil in patients with severe hepatic impairment, therefore use is not recommended in this patient group (see sections 4.4 and 5.2). Olmesartan medoxomil should not be used in patients with biliary obstruction (see 4.3).
Children and adolescents
Olmetec is not recommended for use in children below 18 years due to a lack of data on safety and efficacy.
1.1. Dual Blockade of the Renin-Angiotensin-aldosterone System (RAAS):
Combination of Olmesartan with ACE inhibitors, or aliskiren may cause increased risks of hyperkalemia, worsening of kidney function and hypotension. Therefore, this combination should not be used, especially in patients with kidney problems.
Intravascular volume depletion:
Symptomatic hypotension, especially after the first dose, may occur in patients who are volume and/or sodium depleted by vigorous diuretic therapy, dietary salt restriction, diarrhoea or vomiting. Such conditions should be corrected before the administration of Olmesartan medoxomil.
Other conditions with stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system:
In patients whose vascular tone and renal function depend predominantly on the activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (e.g. patients with severe congestive heart failure or underlying renal disease, including renal artery stenosis), treatment with other drugs that affect this system has been associated with acute hypotension, azotaemia, oliguria or, rarely, acute renal failure. The possibility of similar effects cannot be excluded with angiotensin II receptor antagonists.
Renovascular hypertension:
There is an increased risk of severe hypotension and renal insufficiency when patients with bilateral renal artery stenosis or stenosis of the artery to a single functioning kidney are treated with medicinal products that affect the renin- angiotensin- aldosterone system.
Renal impairment and kidney transplantation:
When Olmesartan medoxomil is used in patients with impaired renal function, periodic monitoring of serum potassium and creatinine levels is recommended. Use of Olmesartan medoxomil is not recommended in patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 20 mL/min) (see sections 4.2, 5.2). There is no experience of the administration of Olmesartan medoxomil in patients with a recent kidney transplant or in patients with end-stage renal impairment (i.e. creatinine clearance <12 mL/min).
Hepatic impairment:
There is no experience in patients with severe hepatic impairment and therefore use of Olmesartan medoxomil in this patient group is not recommended (see section 4.2 for dosage recommendations in patients with mild or moderate hepatic impairment). Hyperkalaemia:
The use of medicinal products that affect the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system may cause hyperkalaemia.
The risk, that may be fatal, is increased in elderly, in patients with renal insufficiency and in diabetic patients, in patients concomitantly treated with other medicinal products that may increase potassium levels, and/or in patients with intercurrent events.
Before considering the concomitant use of medicinal products that affect the renin- angiotensin-aldosterone system, the benefit risk ratio should be evaluated and other alternatives considered.
The main risk factors for hyperkalaemia to be considered are:
- Diabetes, renal impairment, age (> 70 years)
- Combination with one or more other medicinal products that affect the renin- angiotensin-aldosterone system and/or potassium supplements. Some medicinal products or therapeutic class of medicinal products may provoke a hyperkalaemia: salt substitutes containing potassium, potassium-sparing diuretics, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptors antagonists, non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (including selective COX-2 inhibitors), heparin, immunosuppressor as ciclosporin or tacrolimus, trimethoprim
- Intercurrent events, in particular dehydration, acute cardiac decompensation, metabolic acidosis, worsening of renal function, sudden worsening of the renal condition (e.g. infectious diseases), cellular lysis (e.g. acute limb ischemia, rhabdomyolysis, extended trauma).
Close-monitoring of serum potassium in at risk patients is recommended (see section 4.5).
Lithium:
As with other angiotensin-II receptor antagonists, the combination of lithium and Olmesartan medoxomil is not recommended (see section 4.5).
Aortic or mitral valve stenosis; obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy:
As with other vasodilators, special caution is indicated in patients suffering from aortic or mitral valve stenosis, or obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Primary aldosteronism:
Patients with primary aldosteronism generally will not respond to antihypertensive drugs acting through inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system. Therefore, the use of Olmesartan medoxomil is not recommended in such patients.
Ethnic differences:
As with all other angiotensin II antagonists, the blood pressure lowering effect of Olmesartan medoxomil is somewhat less in black patients than in non-black patients, possibly because of a higher prevalence of low-renin status in the black hypertensive population.
Sprue-like Enteropathy
Severe, chronic diarrhea with substantial weight loss has been reported in patients taking olmesartan months to years after drug initiation. Intestinal biopsies of patients often demonstrated villous atrophy. If a patient develops these symptoms during treatment with olmesartan, exclude other etiologies. Consider discontinuation of Olmetec in cases where no other etiology is identified.
Pregnancy:
Angiotensin II antagonists should not be initiated during pregnancy. Unless continued angiotensin II antagonists therapy is considered essential, patients planning pregnancy should be changed to alternative anti-hypertensive treatments which have an established safety profile for use in pregnancy. When pregnancy is diagnosed, treatment with angiotensin II antagonists should be stopped immediately and, if appropriate, alternative therapy should be started (see sections 4.3 and 4.6).
Intestinal angioedema
Intestinal angioedema has been reported in patients treated with angiotensin II receptor antagonists (see section 4.8). These patients presented with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. Symptoms resolved after discontinuation of angiotensin II receptor antagonists. If intestinal angioedema is diagnosed, should be discontinued and appropriate monitoring should be initiated until complete resolution of symptoms has occurred.
Other:
As with any antihypertensive agent, excessive blood pressure decrease in patients with ischaemic heart disease or ischaemic cerebrovascular disease could result in a myocardial infarction or stroke.
This medicinal product contains lactose. Patients with rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, the Lapp-lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take this medicinal product.
Interaction studies have only been performed in adults.
Dual RAAS Blockade:
The combination of Olmesartan with ACEIs or other ARBs is contraindicated in patients with diabetes mellitus or renal impairment.
Aliskiren fumarate (In patients with diabetes, except for patients with very poor blood pressure control with other antihypertensive treatment)
Dual blockade (e.g by adding ACE inhibitor to Olmesartan ) should not be used, especially in patients with Kidney problems.
Effects of other medicinal products on Olmesartan medoxomil:
Potassium supplements and potassium sparing diuretics:
Based on experience with the use of other drugs that affect the renin-angiotensin system, concomitant use of potassium-sparing diuretics, potassium supplements, salt substitutes containing potassium or other drugs that may increase serum potassium levels (e.g. heparin) may lead to increases in serum potassium (see section 4.4). Such concomitant use is therefore not recommended.
Other antihypertensive medications:
The blood pressure lowering effect of Olmesartan medoxomil can be increased by concomitant use of other antihypertensive medications.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs):
NSAIDs (including acetylsalicylic acid at doses> 3 g/day and also COX-2 inhibitors) and angiotensin-II receptor antagonists may act synergistically by decreasing glomerular filtration. The risk of the concomitant use of NSAIDs and angiotensin II antagonists is the occurrence of acute renal failure. Monitoring of renal function at the beginning of treatment should be recommended as well as regular hydration of the patient.
Additionally, concomitant treatment can reduce the antihypertensive effect of angiotensin II receptor antagonists, leading to their partial loss of efficacy.
Other compounds:
After treatment with antacid (aluminium magnesium hydroxide), a modest reduction in bioavailability of Olmesartan was observed. Coadministration of warfarin and digoxin had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of Olmesartan.
Effects of Olmesartan medoxomil on other medicinal products:
Lithium:
Reversible increases in serum lithium concentrations and toxicity have been reported during concomitant administration of lithium with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II antagonists. Therefore use of Olmesartan medoxomil and lithium in combination is not recommended (see section 4.4). If use of the combination proves necessary, careful monitoring of serum lithium levels is recommended.
Other compounds:
Compounds which have been investigated in specific clinical studies in healthy volunteers include warfarin, digoxin, an antacid (magnesium aluminium hydroxide), hydrochlorothiazide and pravastatin. No clinically relevant interactions were observed and in particular Olmesartan medoxomil had no significant effect on the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of warfarin or the pharmacokinetics of digoxin.
Olmesartan had no clinically relevant inhibitory effects on in vitro human cytochrome P450 enzymes 1A1/2, 2A6, 2C8/9, 2C19, 2D6, 2E1 and 3A4, and had no or minimal inducing effects on rat cytochrome P450 activities. Therefore in vivo interaction studies with known cytochrome P450 enzyme inhibitors and inducers were not conducted, and no clinically relevant interactions between Olmesartan and drugs metabolised by the above cytochrome P450 enzymes are expected.
Pregnancy:

Epidemiological evidence regarding the risk of teratogenicity following exposure to
ACE inhibitors during the first trimester of pregnancy has not been conclusive; however a small increase in risk cannot be excluded. Whilst there is no controlled epidemiological data on the risk with angiotensin II antagonists, similar risks may exist
for this class of drugs. Unless continued angiotensin receptor blocker therapy is considered essential, patients planning pregnancy should be changed to alternative anti-hypertensive treatments which have an established safety profile for use in pregnancy. When pregnancy is diagnosed, treatment with angiotensin II antagonists should be stopped immediately, and, if appropriate, alternative therapy should be started.
Angiotensin II antagonists therapy exposure during the second and third trimesters is known to induce human fetotoxicity (decreased renal function, oligohydramnios, skull ossification retardation) and neonatal toxicity (renal failure, hypotension, hyperkalaemia). (See also 5.3 “Preclinical Safety Data”.)
Should exposure to angiotensin II antagonists have occurred from the second trimester of pregnancy, ultrasound check of renal function and skull is recommended. Infants whose mothers have taken angiotensin II antagonists should be closely observed for hypotension (see also sections 4.3 and 4.4).
Lactation:
Olmesartan is excreted in the milk of lactating rats but it is not known whether Olmesartan is excreted in human milk. Because no information is available regarding the use of Olmetec during breast-feeding, Olmetec is not recommended and alternative treatments with better established safety profiles during breast-feeding are preferable, especially while nursing a newborn or preterm infant.
No studies on the effect on the ability to drive and use machines have been performed. With respect to driving vehicles or operating machines, it should be taken into account that occasionally dizziness or fatigue may occur in patients taking antihypertensive therapy.
a. Tabulated list of Adverse reaction:
Market experience
The following adverse reactions have been reported in post-marketing experience. They are listed by System Organ Class and ranked under headings of frequency using the following convention: very common (≥1/10); common (≥1/100, <1/10); uncommon (≥1/1,000, <1/100); rare (≥1/10,000, <1/1,000); very rare (<1/10,000) including isolated reports.
System Organ Class | Very rare |
Blood and lymphatic system disorders | Thrombocytopenia |
Metabolism and nutrition disorders | Hyperkalaemia |
Nervous system disorders | Dizziness, headache |
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | Cough |
Gastrointestinal disorders | Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, Intestinal angioedema |
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | Pruritus, exanthem, rash
Allergic conditions such as angioneurotic oedema, dermatitis allergic, face oedema and urticaria |
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | Muscle cramp, myalgia |
Renal and urinary disorders | Acute renal failure and renal insufficiency (See also under Investigations) |
General disorders and administration site conditions | Asthenic conditions such as asthenia, fatigue, lethargy, malaise |
Investigations | Abnormal renal function tests such as blood creatinine increased and blood urea increased
Increased hepatic enzymes |
Clinical trials
In double-blind, placebo-controlled monotherapy studies, the overall incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events was 42.4% on olmesartan medoxomil and 40.9% on placebo.
In placebo-controlled monotherapy studies, the only adverse drug reaction that was unequivocally related to treatment was dizziness (2.5% incidence on olmesartan medoxomil and 0.9% on placebo).
In long-term (2-year) treatment, the incidence of withdrawals due to adverse events on olmesartan medoxomil 10 – 20 mg once daily was 3.7%. The following adverse events have been reported across all clinical trials with olmesartan medoxomil (including trials with active as well as placebo control), irrespective of causality or incidence relative to placebo. They are listed by body system and ranked under headings of frequency using the conventions described :
MedDRA System Organ Class | Adverse reactions / Frequency | |||
Common | Rare | Uncommo n | Not Known | |
Central nervous system disorders | Dizziness |
| Vertigo |
|
Cardiovascular disorders |
| Hypotension | Angina pectoris |
|
Respiratory system disorders | Bronchitis, cough, pharyngitis, rhinitis |
|
|
|
Gastro- intestinal disorder | Abdominal pain, diarrhoea, dyspepsia, gastroenteritis, |
|
| Sprue-like enteropath y |
Skin and appendages disorders |
|
| Rash |
|
Musculoskeleta l disorders | Arthritis, back pain, skeletal pain |
|
|
|
Urinary system disorders | Haematuria, urinary tract infection |
|
|
|
General disorders | Chest pain, fatigue, influenza-like symptoms, peripheral oedema, pain |
|
|
|
Metabolic and nutritional disorders | Increased creatine phosphokinase, hypertriglyceridaemia , hyperuricaemia | Hyperkalaemia |
|
|
Liver and biliary disorders | Liver enzyme elevations |
|
| Autoimmune hepatitis |
Additional information on special populations
In elderly patients the frequency of hypotension is slightly increased from rare to uncommon.
b. Description of selected adverse reaction:
Single cases of rhabdomyolysis have been reported in temporal association with the intake of angiotensin II receptor blockers. A causal relationship, however, has not been established.
Cases of autoimmune hepatitis with a latency of few months to years have been reported post-marketing, that were reversible after the withdrawal of Olmesartan.
Post Marketing Experience
Data from one controlled trial and an epidemiologic study have suggested that high- dose olmesartan may increase cardiovascular (CV) risk in diabetic patients, but the overall data are not conclusive. The randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind ROADMAP trial (Randomized Olmesartan And Diabetes MicroAlbuminuria Prevention trial, n=4447) examined the use of olmesartan, 40 mg daily, vs. placebo inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, normoalbuminuria, and at least one additional risk factor for CV disease. The trial met its primary endpoint, decrease in time-to-onset of microalbuminuria, but olmesartan had no beneficial effect on decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). There was a finding of increased CV mortality (adjudicated sudden cardiac death, fatal myocardial infarction, fatal stroke,revascularization death) in the olmesartan group compared to the placebo group (15olmesartan vs. 3 placebo, HR 4.9, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4, 17), but the risk of non-fatal myocardial infarction was lower with olmesartan (HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.35, 1.18).
The epidemiologic study included patients 65 years and older with overall exposure of
>300,000 patient-years. In the sub-group of diabetic patients receiving high-dose olmesartan (40 mg/d) for > 6 months, there appeared to be an increased risk of death (HR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1, 3.8) compared to similar patients taking other angiotensin receptor blockers. In contrast, high-dose olmesartan use in non-diabetic patients appeared to be associated with a decreased risk of death (HR 0.46, 95% CI 0.24, 0.86) compared to similar patients taking other angiotensin receptor blockers. No differences were observed between the groups receiving lower doses of olmesartan compared to other angiotensin blockers or those receiving therapy for < 6 months.
Overall, these data raise a concern of a possible increased CV risk associated with the use of high-dose olmesartan in diabetic patients. There are, however, concerns with the credibility of the finding of increased CV risk, notably the observation in the large epidemiologic study for a survival benefit in non-diabetics of a magnitude similar to the adverse finding in diabetics.
c. Other special population:
Renal impairment and kidney transplantation:
When Olmesartan medoxomil is used in patients with impaired renal function, periodic monitoring of serum potassium and creatinine levels is recommended. Use of Olmesartan medoxomil is not recommended in patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 20 mL/min) (see sections 4.2, 5.2). There is no experience of the administration of Olmesartan medoxomil in patients with a recent kidney transplant or in patients with end-stage renal impairment (i.e. creatinine clearance <12 mL/min).
Hepatic impairment:
There is no experience in patients with severe hepatic impairment and therefore use of Olmesartan medoxomil in this patient group is not recommended (see section 4.2 for dosage recommendations in patients with mild or moderate hepatic impairment). Pregnancy:
The use of angiotensin II antagonists is not recommended during the first trimester of pregnancy (see section 4.4). The use of angiotensin II antagonists is contraindicated during the second and third trimester of pregnancy
Elderly
No adjustment of dosage is generally required in elderly patients (see below for dose recommendations in patients with renal impairment). If up-titration to the maximum dose of 40 mg daily is required, blood pressure should be closely monitored.
Pediatric population:
The safety of olmesartan was monitored in 361 children and adolescents, aged 1-17 years old during 2 clinical trials. Whilst the nature and severity of the adverse events are similar to that of the adults, the frequency of the following is higher in the children:
• Epistaxis is a common adverse event in children (i.e. ≥ 1/100 to < 1/10) that has not
been reported in adults.
• During the 3 weeks of double-blind study, the incidence of treatment emergent dizziness and headache nearly doubled in children 6-17 years of age in the high olmesartan dose group.
The overall safety profile for olmesartan in pediatric patients does not differ significantly from the safety profile in adults.
-To report any side effect (s)
· Saudi Arabia :
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Other GCC states /other countries
Only limited information is available regarding over dosage in humans. The most likely effect of over dosage is hypotension. In the event of over dosage, the patient should be carefully monitored and treatment should be symptomatic and supportive.
No information is available regarding the dialysability of Olmesartan.
Pharmaco-therapeutic group:
Angiotensin II antagonists, ATC code: C09CA08.
Olmesartan medoxomil is a potent, orally active, selective angiotensin II receptor (type AT1) antagonist. It is expected to block all actions of angiotensin II mediated by the AT1
receptor, regardless of the source or route of synthesis of angiotensin II. The selective antagonism of the angiotensin II (AT1) receptors results in increases inplasma renin levels and angiotensin I and II concentrations, and some decrease in plasma aldosterone concentrations.
Angiotensin II is the primary vasoactive hormone of the renin-angiotensin- aldosterone system and plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of hypertension via the type 1 (AT1) receptor.
In hypertension, Olmesartan medoxomil causes a dose-dependent, long-lasting reduction in arterial blood pressure. There has been no evidence of first-dose hypotension, of tachyphylaxis during long-term treatment, or of rebound hypertension after cessation of therapy.
Once daily dosing with Olmesartan medoxomil provides an effective and smooth reduction in blood pressure over the 24 hour dose interval. Once daily dosing produced similar decreases in blood pressure as twice daily dosing at the same total daily dose.
With continuous treatment, maximum reductions in blood pressure are achieved by 8 weeks after the initiation of therapy, although a substantial proportion of the blood pressure lowering effect is already observed after 2 weeks of treatment. Whenused together with hydrochlorothiazide, the reduction in blood pressure is additive and coadministration is well tolerated.
The effect of Olmesartan on mortality and morbidity is not yet known.
Absorption and distribution
Olmesartan medoxomil is a prodrug. It is rapidly converted to the pharmacologically active metabolite, Olmesartan, by esterases in the gut mucosa and in portal blood during absorption from the gastrointestinal tract.
No intact Olmesartan medoxomil or intact side chain medoxomil moiety have been detected in plasma or excreta. The mean absolute bioavailability of Olmesartan from a tablet formulation was 25.6%.
The mean peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of Olmesartan is reached within about 2 hours after oral dosing with Olmesartan medoxomil, and Olmesartan plasma concentrations increase approximately linearly with increasing single oral doses up to about 80 mg.
Food had minimal effect on the bioavailability of Olmesartan and therefore Olmesartan medoxomil may be administered with or without food.
No clinically relevant gender-related differences in the pharmacokinetics of Olmesartan have been observed.
Olmesartan is highly bound to plasma protein (99.7%), but the potential for clinically significant protein binding displacement interactions between Olmesartan and other highly bound coadministered drugs is low (as confirmed by the lack of a clinically significant interaction between Olmesartan medoxomil and warfarin). The binding of Olmesartan to blood cells is negligible. The mean volume of distribution after intravenous dosing is low (16 – 29 L).
Metabolism and elimination
Total plasma clearance was typically 1.3 L/h (CV, 19%) and was relatively slow compared to hepatic blood flow (ca 90 L/h). Following a single oral dose of 14C labelled Olmesartan medoxomil, 10 - 16% of the administered radioactivity was excreted in the urine (the vast majority within 24 hours of dose administration) and the remainder of the recovered radioactivity was excreted in the faeces. Based on the systemic availability of 25.6%, it can be calculated that absorbed Olmesartan is
cleared by both renal excretion (ca 40%) and hepato-biliary excretion (ca 60%). All recovered radioactivity was identified as Olmesartan. No other significant metabolite was detected. Enterohepatic recycling of Olmesartan is minimal. Since a large proportion of Olmesartan is excreted via the biliary route, use in patients with biliary obstruction is contraindicated (see section 4.3).
The terminal elimination half life of Olmesartan varied between 10 and 15 hours after multiple oral dosing. Steady state was reached after the first few doses and no further accumulation was evident after 14 days of repeated dosing. Renal clearance was approximately 0.5 – 0.7 L/h and was independent of dose.
Pharmacokinetics in special populations
Elderly:
In hypertensive patients, the AUC at steady state was increased by ca 35% in elderly patients (65 – 75 years old) and by ca 44% in very elderly patients (75 years old) compared with the younger age group. This may be at least in part related to a mean decrease in renal function in this group of patients.
Renal impairment:
In renally impaired patients, the AUC at steady state increased by 62%, 82% and 179% in patients with mild, moderate and severe renal impairment, respectively, compared to healthy controls (see sections 4.2, 4.4).
Hepatic impairment:
After single oral administration, Olmesartan AUC values were 6% and 65% higher in mildly and moderately hepatically impaired patients, respectively, than in their corresponding matched healthy controls. The unbound fraction of Olmesartan at 2 hours post-dose in healthy subjects, in patients with mild hepatic impairment and in patients with moderate hepatic impairment was 0.26%, 0.34% and 0.41%, respectively. Following repeated dosing in patients with moderate hepatic impairment, Olmesartan mean AUC was again about 65% higher than in matched healthy controls. Olmesartan mean Cmax values were similar in hepatically-impaired and healthy subjects. Olmesartan medoxomil has not been evaluated in patients with severe hepatic impairment (see sections 4.2, 4.4).
In chronic toxicity studies in rats and dogs, Olmesartan medoxomil showed similar effects to other AT1 receptor antagonists and ACE inhibitors: raised blood urea (BUN) and creatinine (through functional changes to the kidneys caused by blocking AT1 receptors); reduction in heart weight; a reduction of red cell parameters (erythrocytes, haemoglobin, haematocrit); histological indications of renal damage (regenerative lesions of the renal epithelium, thickening of the basal membrane, dilatation of the tubules). These adverse effects caused by the pharmacological action of Olmesartan medoxomil have also occurred in preclinical trials on other AT1 receptor antagonists and ACE inhibitors and can be reduced by simultaneous oral administration of sodium chloride.
In both species, increased plasma renin activity and hypertrophy/hyperplasia of the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney were observed. These changes, which are a typical effect of the class of ACE inhibitors and other AT1 receptor antagonists, wouldappear to have no clinical relevance.
Like other AT1 receptor antagonists Olmesartan medoxomil was found to increase the
incidence of chromosome breaks in cell cultures in vitro. No relevant effects were observed in several in vivo studies using Olmesartan medoxomil at very high oral doses of up to 2000 mg/kg. The overall data of a comprehensive genotoxicity testing suggest that Olmesartan is very unlikely to exert genotoxic effects under conditions of clinical use.
Olmesartan medoxomil was not carcinogenic, neither in rats in a 2 year study nor in mice when tested in two 6 month carcinogenicity studies using transgenic models.
In reproductive studies in rats, Olmesartan medoxomil did not affect fertility and there was no evidence of a teratogenic effect. In common with other angiotensin II antagonists, survival of offspring was reduced following exposure to Olmesartan medoxomil and pelvic dilatation of the kidney was seen after exposure of the dams in late pregnancy and lactation. In common with other antihypertensive agents, Olmesartan medoxomil was shown to be more toxic to pregnant rabbits than to pregnant rats, however, there was no indication of a fetotoxic effect.
Microcrystalline cellulose, Lactose monohydrate, Low substitute Hydroxy
propylcellulose, Hydroxy propylcellulose, magnesium stearate, and Opadry white
Not applicable.
No special requirements.
Forming Aluminium / aluminium blister pack.
Packs of 28 film-coated tablets.
No special requirements.