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نشرة الممارس الصحي نشرة معلومات المريض بالعربية نشرة معلومات المريض بالانجليزية صور الدواء بيانات الدواء
  SFDA PIL (Patient Information Leaflet (PIL) are under review by Saudi Food and Drug Authority)

Braftovi is an anti-cancer medicine that contains the active substance encorafenib. Changes (mutations) in the BRAF gene can produce proteins that cause the cancer to grow. Braftovi targets proteins made from this changed BRAF gene.

 

It is used in combination with another medicine containing binimetinib to treat

·         adult patients with a type of skin cancer called melanoma when it has

-                 a particular change (mutation) in a gene responsible for producing a protein called BRAF, and

-                 spread to other parts of the body, or cannot be removed by surgery

·         adults with a type of lung cancer called non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC):

-                 that has spread to other parts of the body, and

-                 that has a certain type of abnormal “BRAF” gene

When Braftovi is used in combination with binimetinib, which targets another protein that stimulates cancer cell growth, the combination slows down or stops the growth of your cancer.

 

Braftovi is also used in combination with another medicine cetuximab, to treat adult patients with a type of large intestine cancer when it has

-                 a particular change (mutation) in a gene responsible for producing a protein called BRAF, and

-                 spread to other parts of the body of patients who have been previously treated with other anticancer medicines

When Braftovi is used in combination with cetuximab (which binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)), a protein on the surface of certain cancer cells), the combination slows down or stops the growth of your cancer.

 


Before starting treatment your doctor will check for the BRAF mutation.

 

As Braftovi is to be used in combination with binimetinib to treat melanoma, read the binimetinib leaflet carefully as well as this leaflet. 

 

As Braftovi is to be used in combination with cetuximab to treat large intestine cancer, read the cetuximab leaflet carefully as well as this leaflet. 

 

Do not take Braftovi

-                if you are allergic to encorafenib or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6).

 

Warnings and precautions

Talk to your doctor, pharmacist or nurse before taking Braftovi, about all of your medical conditions, particularly if you have any of the following:

-             heart problems including alteration of the electrical activity of your heart (QT interval prolongation)

-             bleeding problems or if you are taking medicines that may cause bleeding

-             eye problems

-             liver or kidney problems

 

Tell your doctor if you have had a different type of cancer than melanoma or large intestine cancer, as Braftovi may worsen certain other types of cancers.

 

Tell your doctor, pharmacist or nurse immediately if you get the following while you are taking this medicine:

-             Heart problems: Braftovi when taken with binimetinib can make your heart work less well, alter the electrical activity of your heart called “QT interval prolongation” or make existing heart problems worse. Your doctor will check that your heart is working properly before and during your treatment with these medicines. Talk to your doctor immediately if you have any symptoms of heart problems such as feeling dizzy, tired, lightheaded, if you have shortness of breath, if you feel like your heart is pounding, racing, beating irregularly, or if you have swelling in the legs.

 

-             Bleeding problems: Braftovi may cause serious bleeding problems. Talk to your doctor immediately if you have any symptoms of bleeding problems such as coughing up of blood, blood clots, vomit containing blood or that looks like “coffee grounds”, red or black stools that look like tar, passing blood in the urine, stomach (abdominal) pain, unusual vaginal bleeding. Also tell your doctor if you have headache, dizziness or weakness.

 

-             Eye problems: Braftovi, when taken with binimetinib, can cause serious eye problems. Talk to your doctor immediately if you get blurred vision, loss of vision, or other vision changes (e.g. coloured dots in your vision), halo (seeing blurred outline around objects). Your doctor will examine your eyes for any problems with your sight while you are taking Braftovi.

 

-             Skin changes: Braftovi may cause other types of skin cancer such as cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. New melanomas may also occur while taking Braftovi. Your doctor will check your skin for any new skin cancers before treatment, every 2 months during treatment, and for up to 6 months after you stop taking Braftovi. Tell your doctor immediately if you detect skin changes during and after treatment including: new wart, skin sore or reddish bump that bleeds or does not heal, or a change in size or colour of a mole. Additionally, your doctor needs to check for squamous cell carcinoma on your head, neck, mouth and lymph glands, and you will have CT scans regularly. This is a precaution in case a squamous cell carcinoma develops inside your body. Genital examinations (for women) and anal examinations are also recommended before and at the end of your treatment.

 

-             Liver problems: Braftovi can cause abnormal blood tests related to how your liver works (raised levels of liver enzymes). Your doctor will run blood tests to check your liver before and during treatment.

 

-             Kidney problems: Braftovi can alter your kidney activity (often abnormal blood tests, more rarely dehydration and vomiting). Your doctor will run blood tests to monitor your kidneys before and during treatment. Drink plenty of fluids during treatment. Tell your doctor immediately if you vomit and become dehydrated.

 

Children and adolescents

Braftovi is not recommended for children and adolescents under 18 years of age. This medicine has not been studied in this age group.

 

Other medicines and Braftovi

Tell your doctor, pharmacist or nurse if you are taking, have recently taken or might take any other medicines.

Some medicines may affect how Braftovi works or make it more likely that you will have side effects.

In particular, tell your doctor if you are taking anything in this list or any other medicines:

-             some medicines to treat fungal infections (such as itraconazole, posaconazole, fluconazole)

-             some medicines to treat bacterial infections (such as rifampicin, clarithromycin, telithromycin, erythromycin, penicillin)

-             medicines typically used to treat epilepsy (seizures) (such as phenytoin, carbamazepine)

-             medicines typically used to treat cancer (such as methotrexate, imatinib)

-             medicines typically used to treat high cholesterol (such as rosuvastatin, atorvastatin)

-             an herbal treatment for depression: St. John’s wort

-             some medicines for HIV treatment such as ritonavir, amprenavir, raltegravir, dolutegravir

-             birth control medicines containing hormones

-             medicines typically used to treat high blood pressure (such as diltiazem, bosentan, furosemide)

-             a medicine used to treat an uneven heartbeat: amiodarone.

 

Braftovi with food and drink

Do not have grapefruit juice during your treatment with Braftovi. This is because it could increase Braftovi side effects.

 

Pregnancy, breast-feeding and fertility

Pregnancy

Braftovi is not recommended during pregnancy. It may cause harm or birth defects to an unborn baby.

If you are pregnant, think you may be pregnant or are planning to have a baby, ask your doctor for advice before taking this medicine.

If you are a woman who could become pregnant, you must use reliable contraception while you are taking Braftovi, and you must continue to use reliable contraception for at least 1 month after taking your last dose. Birth control medicines containing hormones (such as pills, injections, patches, implants and certain intrauterine devices (IUDs) that release hormones) may not work as well as expected while you are taking Braftovi. You should use another reliable method of birth control such as a barrier method (e.g. condom) so you do not become pregnant while you are taking this medicine. Ask your doctor, pharmacist or nurse for advice.

Contact your doctor straightaway if you become pregnant while taking Braftovi.

 

Breast‑feeding

Braftovi is not recommended while breast‑feeding. It is not known if Braftovi passes into breast milk. If you are breast-feeding, or planning to breast‑feed, ask your doctor for advice before taking this medicine.

 

Fertility

Braftovi may reduce sperm count in males. This could affect the ability to father a child. Talk to your doctor if this is a concern for you.

 

Driving and using machines

Braftovi can affect your ability to drive or use machines. Avoid driving or using machines if you have any problems with your vision, or have any other side effects that can affect your ability to drive or use machines (see section 4), while taking Braftovi. Talk to your doctor if you are not sure you can drive.


How much to take

Always take this medicine exactly as your doctor or pharmacist has told you. Check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure.

 

For melanoma and NSCLC treatment

The recommended dose of Braftovi to treat melanoma is 6 capsules of 75 mg once daily (corresponding to a daily dose of 450 mg). You will also receive treatment with another medicine, binimetinib.

 

For large intestine cancer treatment

The recommended dose of Braftovi to treat large intestine cancer is 4 capsules of 75 mg once daily (corresponding to a daily dose of 300 mg). You will also receive treatment with another medicine cetuximab.

 

If you have liver or kidney problems, your doctor may start you on a lower dose.

If you get serious side effects (such as heart, eye or bleeding problems) your doctor may lower the dose or stop treatment temporarily or permanently.

 

How to take Braftovi

Instructions to open the blister:

-        Do not push the capsule through the blister.     

-        Separate one blister cell by bending it and gently tearing along the perforations.

-        Carefully peel off the blister foil starting at the corner labelled with an arrow.

-        Gently remove the capsule.

 

Swallow the capsules whole with water. Braftovi can be taken with food or between meals.

 

If you are sick

If you vomit at any time after taking Braftovi, do not take an additional dose. Take the next dose as scheduled.

 

If you take more Braftovi than you should

If you take more capsules than you should, contact your doctor, pharmacist or nurse straightaway. Side effects of Braftovi such as nausea, vomiting, dehydration and blurred vision may appear or worsen. If possible, show them this leaflet and the medicine package.

 

If you forget to take Braftovi

If you miss a dose of Braftovi, take it as soon as you remember. However if the missed dose is more than 12 hours late, skip that dose and take your next dose at the usual time. Then continue taking your capsules at regular times as usual.

Do not take a double dose to make up for a forgotten dose.

 

If you stop taking Braftovi

It is important to take Braftovi for as long as your doctor prescribes it. Do not stop taking this medicine unless your doctor tells you to.

 

If you have any further questions on the use of this medicine, ask your doctor, pharmacist or nurse.


Like all medicines, this medicine can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.

 

Serious side effects

 

Braftovi may cause serious side effects. Tell your doctor immediately if you have any of the following serious side effects, either for the first time or if they get worse (see also section 2):

 

Heart problems: Braftovi when taken with binimetinib can affect how well your heart works (left ventricular ejection fraction decrease); signs and symptoms can include:

-                 feeling dizzy, tired or lightheaded

-                 shortness of breath

-                 feeling like your heart is pounding, racing or beating irregularly

-                 swelling in the legs

 

Eye problems: Braftovi, when taken with binimetinib can cause serious eye problems such as fluid to leak under the retina in the eye, leading to detachment of different layers in the eye (retinal epithelial pigmental detachment). Call your doctor right away if you get these symptoms of eye problems:

-                 blurred vision, loss of vision, or other vision changes (such as coloured dots in your vision)

-                 halo (seeing blurred outline around objects)

-                 eye pain, swellling or redness

 

Bleeding problems: Braftovi can cause serious bleeding problems. Tell your doctor right away if you have any unusual signs of bleeding, including:

-                 headaches, dizziness or weakness

-                 coughing up of blood or blood clots

-                 vomit containing blood or that looks like “coffee grounds”

-                 red or black stools that look like tar

-                 passing blood in the urine

-                 stomach (abdominal) pain

-                 unusual vaginal bleeding

 

Muscle problems: Braftovi, when taken with binimetinib can cause breakdown of muscles (rhabdomyolysis) which can lead to kidney damage and can be fatal; signs and symptoms can include:

-                 muscle pain, cramps, stiffness or spasm

-                 dark urine

 

           Other skin cancers: Treatment with Braftovi may result in a type of skin cancer such as cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Usually, these skin changes (see also section 2) are confined to a small area and can be removed with surgery and treatment with Braftovi can continue without interruption. Some people taking Braftovi may also notice new melanomas. These melanomas are usually removed by surgery and treatment with Braftovi can continue without interruption.

 

Other side effects

Besides the serious side effects mentioned above, people taking Braftovi may also get other side effects.

 

Side effects when Braftovi and binimetinib are taken together for treatment of melanoma

 

Very common (may affect more than 1 in 10 people):

-                 reduced red blood cell count (anaemia)

-                 problem with the nerves resulting in pain, loss of sensation or tingling in hands and feet

-                 headache

-                 dizziness

-                 bleeding at various sites in the body

-                 high blood pressure

-                 problems with your vision (visual impairment)

-                 stomach pain

-                 diarrhoea

-                 being sick (vomiting)

-                 feeling sick (nausea)

-                 constipation

-                 itching

-                 dry skin

-                 hair loss or thinning (alopecia)

-                 skin rash of various types

-                 thickening of the outer layers of the skin

-                 joint pain (arthralgia)

-                 muscle pain, weakness or spasm

-                 back pain

-                 pain in the extremities

-                 fever

-                 swelling of the hands or feet (peripheral oedema), localised swelling

-                 fatigue

-                 abnormal blood test results for liver function

-                 abnormal blood test results related to blood creatine kinase (an enzyme found in the blood that may indicate muscle inflammation or damage)

 

Common (may affect up to 1 in 10 people)

-                 some types of skin tumours such as skin papilloma and basal cell carcinoma

-                 allergic reaction that may include swelling of the face and difficulty breathing

-                 changes in the way things taste

-                 inflammation of the eye (uveitis)

-                 blood clots

-                 inflammation of the colon (colitis)

-                 redness, chapping or cracking of the skin

-                 inflammation of the fatty layer under the skin, symptoms include tender skin nodules

-                 skin rash with a flat discoloured area or raised bumps like acne (dermatitis acneiform)

-                 redness, skin peeling or blisters on hand and feet (palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia or hand and

foot syndrome)

-                 kidney failure

-                 abnormal kidney test results (creatinine elevations)

-                 abnormal blood test results for liver function (blood alkaline phosphatase)

-                 abnormal blood test results for pancreas function (amylase, lipase)

-                 increased skin sensitivity to sunlight

 

Uncommon (may affect up to 1 in 100 people)

-                 weakness and paralysis of face muscles

-                 inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis) causing severe abdominal pain

 

Side effects when Braftovi was used on its own in clinical trials conducted in patients with melanoma

 

If you continue Braftovi on its own while the other medicine (binimetinib) is temporarily stopped based on your doctor’s decision, you may get some of the side effects given in the lists above, although the frequency may change (increase or decrease).

 

Very common (may affect more than 1 in 10 people)

-                 fatigue

-                 feeling sick (nausea)

-                 being sick (vomiting)

-                 constipation

-                 skin rash of various types

-                 redness, skin peeling or blisters on hand and feet (called palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia or

hand and foot syndrome)

-                 thickening of the outer layers of the skin (hyperkeratosis)

-                 dry skin

-                 itching

-                 abnormal hair loss or thinning (alopecia)

-                 redness, chapping or cracking of the skin

-                 skin darkening

-                 lost of appetite

-                 difficulty sleeping  (insomnia)

-                 headache

-                 problem with the nerves that can produce pain, loss of sensation or tingling in hands and feet

-                 changes in the way things taste

-                 joint pain (arthralgia)

-                 muscle pain, spasm or weakness

-                 pain in the extremities

-                 back pain

-                 fever

-                 some types of benign skin tumour such as melanocytic naevus and skin papilloma

-                 abnormal blood tests results related to the liver

 

Common (may affect up to 1 in 10 people)

-                 allergic reaction that may include swelling of the face and difficulty in breathing

-                 weakness and paralysis of face muscles

-                 fast heart beat

-                 skin rash with a flat discoloured area or raised bumps like acne (dermatitis acneiform)

-                 peeling or scaly skin

-                 inflammation of joints (arthritis)

-                 kidney failure

-                 abnormal kidney test results (creatinine elevations)

-                 increased skin sensitivity to sunlight

-                 abnormal blood test result for pancreas function (lipase)

 

Uncommon (may affect up to 1 in 100 people)

-                 type of skin cancer such as basal cell carcinoma

-                 inflammation of the eye (uveitis)

-                 inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis) causing severe abdominal pain

-                 abnormal blood test result for pancreas function (amylase)

 

Side effects when Braftovi is taken together with cetuximab for treatment of large intestine cancer

Besides the serious side effects mentioned above, people taking Braftovi together with cetuximab may also get the following side effects.

 

Very common (may affect more than 1 in 10 people)

-            new moles called “melanocytic naevus”

-            lost of appetite

-            difficulty sleeping  (insomnia)

-            problem with the nerves resulting in pain, loss of sensation or tingling in hands and feet

-            headache

-            bleeding at various sites in the body

-            diarrhoea

-            stomach pain

-            feeling sick (nausea)

-            being sick (vomiting)

-            constipation

-            skin rash with a flat discoloured area or raised bumps like acne (dermatitis acneiform)

-            skin rash of various types

-            dry skin

-            itching

-            joint pain (arthralgia) and muscle and/or bone pain (musculosketal pain)

-            muscle pain, weakness or spasm

-            pain in the extremities

-            back pain

-            fatigue

-            fever

 

Common (may affect up to 1 in 10 people)

-            some types of skin tumours such as skin papilloma.

-            allergic reaction that may include swelling of the face and difficulty breathing

-            dizziness

-            changes in the way things taste

-            fast heart beat

-            skin darkening

-            redness, skin peeling or blisters on hand and feet (palmar plantar erythrodysesthesia or hand and foot syndrome)

-            thickening of the outer layers of the skin (hyperkeratosis)

-            redness, chapping or cracking of the skin

-            hair loss or thinning (alopecia)

-            kidney failure

-            abnormal kidney test results (creatinine elevations)

-            abnormal blood test results for liver function

 

Uncommon (may affect up to 1 in 100 people)

-            some types of skin tumours such as basal cell carcinoma

-            inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis) causing severe abdominal pain

-            skin peeling

-            abnormal blood test results for pancreas function (amylase, lipase)

 

Side effects when Braftovi is taken together with binimetinib for NSCLC

-            fatigue

-            nausea

-            diarrhea

-            muscle or joint pain

-            vomiting

-            stomach-area (abdominal) pain

-         blurred vision, loss of vision, or other vision changes

-         constipation

-         shortness of breath

-         rash

-         cough

 

Reporting of side effects

If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor, pharmacist or nurse. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. By reporting side effects you can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine.

 

To Report side effects

 

·         Saudi Arabia

 

National Pharmacovigilance Centre (NPC)

  • SFDA Call Center: 19999
  • E-mail: npc.drug@sfda.gov.sa
  • Website: https://ade.sfda.gov.sa

 

·         Other GCC States

 

Please contact the relevant competent authority.


Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of children.

 

Do not use this medicine after the expiry date which is stated on the carton and the blister after EXP. The expiry date refers to the last day of that month.

 

Store below 30°C. Store in the original package in order to protect from moisture.

 

Do not throw away any medicines via wastewater or household waste. Ask your pharmacist how to throw away medicines you no longer use. These measures will help protect the environment.

 


-             The active substance is encorafenib.

Braftovi 50 mg: Each hard capsule contains 50 mg encorafenib.

Braftovi 75 mg: Each hard capsule contains 75 mg encorafenib.

-             The other ingredients are:

·   Capsule contents: copovidone (E1208), poloxamer 188, cellulose microcrystalline (E460i), succinic acid (E363), crospovidone (E1202), silica colloidal anhydrous (E551), magnesium stearate (E470b)

·   Capsule shell: gelatin (E441), titanium dioxide (E171), iron oxide red (E172), iron oxide yellow (E172), iron oxide black (E172)

·   Printing ink: shellac (E904), iron oxide black (E172), propylene glycol (E1520)

 


Braftovi 50 mg hard capsules The hard capsule (capsule) has an orange opaque cap and flesh opaque body, with a stylised “A” printed on the cap and “LGX 50mg” printed on the body. Braftovi 50 mg is available in pack of 28x1 capsules in polyamide/aluminium/PVC/aluminium/PET/paper perforated unit dose blisters. Not all pack sizes may be marketed. Braftovi 75 mg hard capsules The hard capsule (capsule) has a flesh coloured opaque cap and white opaque body, with a stylised “A” printed on the cap and “LGX 75mg” printed on the body. Braftovi 75 mg is available in pack of 42x1 capsules in polyamide/aluminium/PVC/aluminium/PET/paper perforated unit dose blisters. Not all pack sizes may be marketed.

Marketing Authorisation Holder

Pfizer Europe MA EEIG

Boulevard de la Plain 17, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium

 

Manufacturer

Catalent Pharma Solutions LLC
Somerset, NJ 08873, USA

Packaging & Release by

Pierre Fabre Médicament Production Site

Progipharm, GIEN, France


EU: July 2022 and US: October 2023
  نشرة الدواء تحت مراجعة الهيئة العامة للغذاء والدواء (اقرأ هذه النشرة بعناية قبل البدء في استخدام هذا المنتج لأنه يحتوي على معلومات مهمة لك)

برافتوفي هو دواء مضاد للسرطان يحتوي على المادة الفعالة إنكورافينيب. يمكن أن تؤدي التغيرات (الطفرات) في جين BRAF إلى إنتاج بروتينات تتسبب في نمو السرطان. ويستهدف برافتوفي البروتينات الناتجة عن جين BRAF المتغير هذا.

 

يتم استخدام برافتوفي مع دواء آخر يحتوي على بينيميتينيب لعلاج

·            المرضى البالغين المصابين بنوع من سرطان الجلد يسمى الورم الميلانيني عند

-                 وجود تغير (طفرة) معين في الجين المسؤول عن إنتاج بروتين يسمى BRAF،

-                 وانتشار الورم إلى أجزاء أخرى من الجسم، أو في حالة عدم القدرة على إزالته جراحيًا

·            لعلاج المرضى البالغين المصابين بنوع من سرطان الرئة يسمى سرطان الرئة ذا الخلايا غير الصغيرة (NSCLC):

-                 الذي ينتشر إلى أجزاء أخرى من الجسم، و

-                 لديه نوع معين غير طبيعي من الجين المسؤول عن إنتاج بروتين "BRAF"

عند استخدام برافتوفي مع بينيميتينيب، الذي يستهدف بروتينًا آخر يحفز نمو الخلايا السرطانية، يؤدي الجمع بينهما إلى إبطاء نمو السرطان الذي تعاني منه أو إيقافه.

 

يستخدم برافتوفي أيضًا مع دواء آخر يسمى سيتوكسيماب لعلاج المرضى البالغين المصابين بنوع من سرطان الأمعاء الغليظة عند

-                 وجود تغير (طفرة) معين في الجين المسؤول عن إنتاج بروتين يسمى BRAF،

-                 وانتشار السرطان إلى أجزاء أخرى من جسم المرضى الذين سبق علاجهم باستخدام أدوية أخرى مضادة للسرطان

عند استخدام برافتوفي مع سيتوكسيماب (الذي يرتبط بمستقبل عامل نمو البشرة (EGFR)، وهو بروتين موجود على سطح بعض الخلايا السرطانية)، يؤدي الجمع بينهما إلى إبطاء نمو السرطان الذي تعاني منه أو إيقافه.

قبل بدء العلاج، سيفحصك طبيبك للتحقق من وجود طفرة BRAF.

 

نظرًا لاستخدام برافتوفي مع بينيميتينيب لعلاج الورم الميلانيني، اقرأ نشرة بينيميتينيب بعناية وكذلك هذه النشرة. 

 

نظرًا لاستخدام برافتوفي مع سيتوكسيماب لعلاج سرطان الأمعاء الغليظة، اقرأ نشرة سيتوكسيماب بعناية وكذلك هذه النشرة. 

 

موانع استعمال برافتوفي

-                 إذا كنت تعاني من حساسية تجاه إنكورافينيب أو أي مكون آخر من مكونات هذا الدواء (المدرجة في القسم ٦).

 

الاحتياطات عند استعمال برافتوفي

تحدث مع طبيبك أو الصيدلي أو الممرضة قبل تناول برافتوفي بشأن جميع حالاتك الطبية، خاصة إذا كنت تعاني من أي مما يلي:

-                 مشكلات في القلب بما في ذلك تغير النشاط الكهربي لقلبك (إطالة فترة QT)

-                 مشكلات نزيف أو إذا كنت تتناول أدوية قد تسبب النزيف

-                 مشكلات في العين

-                 مشكلات في الكبد أو الكلى

 

أخبر طبيبك إذا كنت مصابًا بنوع مختلف من السرطان بخلاف الورم الميلانيني أو سرطان الأمعاء الغليظة، نظرًا لأن برافتوفي قد يؤدي إلى تفاقم حالة بعض آخر من أنواع السرطانات.

 

أخبر طبيبك أو الصيدلي أو الممرضة فورًا إذا أصبت بما يلي خلال فترة تناول هذا الدواء:

-                 مشكلات في القلب: عند تناول برافتوفي مع بينيميتينيب يمكن أن يؤدي ذلك إلى عمل قلبك بكفاءة أقل أو تغيير النشاط الكهربي لقلبك وهو ما يسمى "إطالة فترة QT" أو التسبب في تفاقم حالة مشكلات القلب القائمة. سيتحقق طبيبك من أن قلبك يعمل بشكل سليم قبل وأثناء علاجك بهذين الدواءين. تحدث إلى طبيبك على الفور إذا كان لديك أي أعراض للإصابة بمشكلات في القلب مثل الشعور بالدوار، أو التعب، أو الدوخة، أو إذا كنت تعاني من ضيق التنفس، أو إذا شعرت بأن قلبك يخفق بشدة أو ضرباته متسارعة أو ينبض بشكل غير منتظم، أو إذا كنت تعاني من تورم في الساقين.

 

-                 مشكلات نزيف: قد يسبب برافتوفي مشكلات نزيف خطيرة. تحدث إلى طبيبك على الفور إذا كان لديك أي أعراض لمشكلات نزيف مثل السعال المصحوب بخروج الدم، جلطات الدم، القيء الذي يحتوي على دم أو الذي يشبه "ثفل القهوة"، البراز الأحمر أو الأسود الذي يشبه القطران، خروج دم في البول، آلام المعدة (البطن)، النزيف المهبلي غير المعتاد. أخبر طبيبك أيضًا إذا كنت تعاني من الصداع، أو الدوار، أو الضعف.

 

-                 مشكلات في العين: يمكن أن يسبب برافتوفي، عند تناوله مع بينيميتينيب، مشكلات خطيرة في العين. تحدث إلى طبيبك على الفور إذا كنت تعاني من تغيم الرؤية، أو فقدان الرؤية، أو تغيرات أخرى في الرؤية (مثل وجود نقاط ملونة في مجال رؤيتك)، أو رؤية هالات (رؤية إطار ضبابي حول الأشياء). سيقوم طبيبك بفحص عينيك بحثًا عن أي مشكلات في رؤيتك أثناء تناولك برافتوفي.

 

-                 تغيرات جلدية: قد يؤدي برافتوفي إلى الإصابة بنوع آخر من أنواع سرطان الجلد، مثل سرطانة الخلايا الحرشفية الجلدية. قد تحدث أيضًا إصابة بأورام ميلانينية جديدة أثناء تناول برافتوفي. سيقوم طبيبك بفحص جلدك بحثًا عن أي سرطانات جلدية جديدة قبل العلاج، وكل شهرين أثناء العلاج، ولمدة تصل إلى ٦ أشهر بعد توقفك عن تناول برافتوفي. أخبر طبيبك على الفور إذا اكتشفت تغيرات جلدية أثناء وبعد العلاج بما في ذلك: الثآليل حديثة الظهور، أو القرح الجلدية، أو النتوءات المائلة للون الأحمر التي تنزف أو لا تُشفى، أو تغير في حجم أو لون شامة. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، يحتاج طبيبك إلى التحقق من إصابتك بسرطانة الخلايا الحرشفية في رأسك، وعنقك، وفمك، وغددك الليمفاوية، وستخضع لفحوصات بالتصوير المقطعي المحوسب (CT) بانتظام. وهذا إجراء احتياطي تحسبًا لظهور سرطانة الخلايا الحرشفية داخل جسمك. يوصى أيضًا بإجراء فحوصات للأعضاء التناسلية (في النساء) وفحوصات شرجية قبل العلاج وفي نهايته.

 

-                 مشكلات في الكبد: يمكن أن يتسبب برافتوفي في نتائج غير طبيعية لفحوصات الدم المتعلقة بكيفية عمل كبدك (ارتفاع مستويات إنزيمات الكبد). سيقوم طبيبك بإجراء فحوصات دم لفحص كبدك قبل وأثناء العلاج.

 

-                 مشكلات في الكلى: يمكن أن يغير برافتوفي نشاط كليتيك (نتائج غير طبيعية لفحوصات الدم بشكل شائع، الإصابة بالجفاف والقيء في حالات أكثر ندرة). سيقوم طبيبك بإجراء فحوصات دم لمراقبة كليتيك قبل وأثناء العلاج. اشرب الكثير من السوائل أثناء العلاج. أخبر طبيبك على الفور إذا كنت تتقيأ وأُصبت بالجفاف.

 

الأطفال والمراهقون

يوصى بعدم استخدام برافتوفي لعلاج الأطفال والمراهقين الذين تقل أعمارهم عن ١٨ عامًا. لم تتم دراسة هذا الدواء في هذه الفئة العمرية.

 

التداخلات الدوائية مع أخذ هذا المستحضر مع أي أدوية أخرى أو أعشاب أو مكملات غذائية

أخبر طبيبك أو الصيدلي أو الممرضة، إذا كنت تتناول أو تناولت مؤخرًا أو قد تتناول أي أدوية أخرى.

 قد تؤثر بعض الأدوية على طريقة عمل برافتوفي أو تزيد من احتمالية إصابتك بأعراض جانبية.

أخبر طبيبك على وجه الخصوص إذا كنت تتناول أيًا من الأشياء المدرجة في هذه القائمة أو أي أدوية أخرى:

-                 بعض الأدوية التي تستخدم لعلاج العدوى الفطرية (مثل إيتراكونازول، بوساكونازول، فلوكونازول)

-                 بعض الأدوية التي تستخدم لعلاج العدوى البكتيرية (مثل ريفامبيسين، كلاريثروميسين، تيليثرومايسين، إريثرومايسين، بنسلين)

-                 الأدوية التي تستخدم عادة لعلاج الصرع (النوبات) (مثل فينيتوين، كاربامازيبين)

-                 الأدوية التي تستخدم عادة لعلاج السرطان (مثل ميثوتريكسات، إيماتينيب)

-                 الأدوية التي تستخدم عادة لعلاج ارتفاع مستوى الكولستيرول (مثل روسوفاستاتين، أتورفاستاتين)

-                 علاج عشبي للاكتئاب: نبتة سانت جون

-                 بعض الأدوية التي تستخدم لعلاج فيروس نقص المناعة البشرية (HIV) مثل ريتونافير، أمبرينافير، رالتجرافير، دولوتجرافير

-                 أدوية منع الحمل التي تحتوي على هرمونات

-                 الأدوية التي تستخدم عادة لعلاج ضغط الدم المرتفع (مثل ديلتيازيم، بوسنتان، فيوروسيميد)

-                 دواء يستخدم لعلاج ضربات القلب غير المنتظمة: أميودارون.

 

تناول برافتوفي مع الطعام والشراب

 لا تتناول عصير الجريب فروت أثناء علاجك ببرافتوفي. وذلك لأنه يمكن أن يزيد من الأعراض الجانبية لبرافتوفي.

 

الحمل والرضاعة

الحمل

لا يوصى بتناول برافتوفي أثناء الحمل. فقد يسبب ضررًا أو عيوبًا ولادية للجنين.

إذا كنتِ حاملًا أو تعتقدين أنكِ ربما تكونين حاملًا أو تخططين للحمل، فاستشيري طبيبكِ قبل تناول هذا الدواء.

إذا كنتِ امرأة قادرة على الإنجاب، يجب عليكِ استخدام وسيلة منع حمل موثوقة أثناء تناولكِ برافتوفي ويجب عليكِ الاستمرار في استخدام وسيلة منع حمل موثوقة لمدة شهر واحد على الأقل بعد تناول آخر جرعة من الدواء. قد لا تعمل أدوية منع الحمل التي تحتوي على هرمونات (مثل الحبوب، والحقن، واللاصقات، والغرسات، وبعض أنواع اللولب الرحمي (IUDs) التي تطلق الهرمونات) بالكفاءة المتوقعة أثناء تناولكِ برافتوفي. ينبغي أن تستخدمي وسيلة موثوقة أخرى لمنع الحمل، كوسيلة عازلة (مثل الواقي الذكري) حتى لا تصبحين حاملًا خلال فترة تناول هذا الدواء. استشيري طبيبكِ أو الصيدلي أو الممرضة.

تواصلي مع طبيبكِ فورًا إذا أصبحتِ حاملًا خلال فترة تناول برافتوفي.

 

 الرضاعة الطبيعية

لا يوصى بتناول برافتوفي خلال فترة الرضاعة الطبيعية. ولا يُعرف ما إذا كان برافتوفي يمر إلى لبن الأم أم لا. إذا كنتِ ترضعين رضاعة طبيعية أو تخططين لذلك، فاستشيري طبيبكِ قبل تناول هذا الدواء.

 

 الخصوبة

قد يقلل برافتوفي من تعداد الحيوانات المنوية لدى الذكور. ومن الممكن أن يؤثر هذا على القدرة على الإنجاب. تحدث إلى طبيبك إذا كان ذلك يقلقك.

 

 ‌تأثير برافتوفي على القيادة واستخدام الآلات

من الممكن أن يؤثر برافتوفي على قدرتك على القيادة أو استخدام الآلات. تجنب القيادة أو استخدام الآلات إذا كنت تعاني من أي مشكلات في رؤيتك أو أي أعراض جانبية أخرى يمكنها التأثير على قدرتك على القيادة أو استخدام الآلات (انظر القسم ٤) خلال فترة تناول برافتوفي. تحدث إلى طبيبك إذا لم تكن متأكدًا مما إذا كان يمكنك القيادة.

الكمية التي ينبغي تناولها

 احرص دائمًا على تناول هذا الدواء تمامًا كما أخبرك طبيبك أو الصيدلي. راجع طبيبك أو الصيدلي إذا لم تكن متأكدًا مما ينبغي لك فعله.

 

 لعلاج الورم الميلانيني وسرطان الرئة ذي الخلايا غير الصغيرة

تبلغ الجرعة الموصى بها من برافتوفي لعلاج الورم الميلانيني ٦ كبسولات تركيز كل منها ٧٥ ملجم مرة واحدة يوميًا (أي ما يعادل جرعة يومية قدرها ٤٥٠ ملجم). ستتلقى أيضًا علاجًا بدواء آخر، وهو بينيميتينيب.

 

لعلاج سرطان الأمعاء الغليظة

تبلغ الجرعة الموصى بها من برافتوفي لعلاج سرطان الأمعاء الغليظة ٤ كبسولات تركيز كل منها ٧٥ ملجم مرة واحدة يوميًا (أي ما يعادل جرعة يومية قدرها ٣٠٠ ملجم). ستتلقى أيضًا علاجًا بدواء آخر، وهو سيتوكسيماب.

 

إذا كنت مصابًا بمشكلات في الكبد أو الكلى، فقد يصف لك طبيبك جرعة أقل في البداية.

 إذا أصبت بأعراض جانبية خطيرة (مثل مشكلات القلب، أو العين، أو النزيف)، فقد يقلل طبيبك الجرعة أو يوقف العلاج مؤقتًا أو نهائيًا.

 

 طريقة استخدام برافتوفي

تعليمات فتح شريط البليستر:

-        لا تدفع الكبسولة لإخراجها من شريط البليستر.

-        افصل وحدة كبسولة من شريط البليستر عن طريق ثنيها وخلعها برفق بطول الخطوط المنثقبة.

-        قشر رقاقة شريط البليستر المعدنية بحرص بدءًا من الركن المعلم بسهم.

-        أخرج الكبسولة برفق.

 

 ابتلع الكبسولة كاملةً مع الماء. ويمكن تناول برافتوفي مع الطعام أو بين الوجبات.

 

إذا أصبت بالقيء

إذا تقيأت في أي وقت بعد تناول برافتوفي، فلا تتناول جرعة إضافية. تناول الجرعة التالية حسب ما هو مقرر.

 

الجرعة الزائدة من برافتوفي

إذا تناولت عددًا من الكبسولات أكثر مما ينبغي، فتواصل مع طبيبك أو الصيدلي أو الممرضة فورًا. قد تظهر أو تتفاقم الأعراض الجانبية لبرافتوفي مثل الغثيان، والقيء، والجفاف، وتغيم الرؤية. أرِهم هذه النشرة وعبوة الدواء إن أمكن.

 

نسيان تناول جرعة برافتوفي

إذا فاتتك إحدى جرعات برافتوفي، فتناولها بمجرد تذكرها. ولكن إذا مر أكثر من ١٢ ساعة على موعد الجرعة الفائتة، فتخط تلك الجرعة وتناول جرعتك التالية في الموعد المعتاد. ثم استمر في تناول كبسولاتك في مواعيد منتظمة كالمعتاد.

لا تتناول جرعة مضاعفة لتعويض جرعة منسية.

 

التوقف عن تناول برافتوفي

من المهم تناول برافتوفي طوال الفترة التي يحددها طبيبك. لا تتوقف عن تناول هذا الدواء إلا إذا أخبرك طبيبك بذلك.

 

إذا كانت لديك أي أسئلة إضافية حول استخدام هذا الدواء، فاسأل طبيبك أو الصيدلي أو الممرضة.

كما هو الحال بالنسبة لجميع الأدوية، يمكن أن يسبب هذا الدواء أعراضًا جانبية، إلا أنها لا تصيب الجميع.

 

الأعراض الجانبية الخطيرة

 

قد يسبب برافتوفي أعراضًا جانبية خطيرة. أخبر طبيبك فورًا إذا أصبت بأي من الأعراض الجانبية الخطيرة التالية، سواءً لأول مرة أو إذا تفاقمت (انظر أيضًا القسم ٢):

 

مشكلات في القلب: يمكن أن يؤثر برافتوفي عند تناوله مع بينيميتينيب على كفاءة عمل قلبك (انخفاض الكسر القذفي للبطين الأيسر)؛ ويمكن أن تتضمن العلامات والأعراض:

-                 الشعور بالدوار أو التعب أو الدوخة

-                 ضيق التنفس

-                 الشعور بأن قلبك يخفق بشدة أو ضرباته متسارعة أو ينبض بشكل غير منتظم

-                 تورم الساقين

 

مشكلات في العين: يمكن أن يسبب برافتوفي عند تناوله مع بينيميتينيب مشكلات خطيرة في العين، مثل تسرب السائل تحت الشبكية، مما يؤدي إلى انفصال الطبقات المختلفة في العين (انفصال الصباغ الظهاري الشبكي). اتصل بطبيبك فورًا إذا أصبت بأعراض مشكلات العين هذه:

-                 تغيم الرؤية، أو فقدان الرؤية، أو حدوث تغيرات أخرى في الرؤية (مثل ظهور نقاط ملونة في مجال رؤيتك)

-                 رؤية هالات (رؤية إطار ضبابي حول الأشياء)

-                 ألم، أو تورم، أو احمرار العين

 

مشكلات نزيف: يمكن أن يسبب برافتوفي مشكلات نزيف خطيرة. أخبر طبيبك فورًا إذا ظهرت عليك أي علامات غير معتادة للنزيف، بما في ذلك:

-                 الصداع، أو الدوار، أو الضعف

-                 السعال المصحوب بخروج دم أو الجلطات الدموية

-                 القيء الذي يحتوي على دم أو الذي يشبه "ثفل القهوة"

-                 براز أحمر أو أسود اللون يشبه القطران

-                 خروج دم في البول

-                 ألم المعدة (البطن)

-                 نزيف مهبلي غير معتاد

 

مشكلات عضلية: يمكن أن يسبب برافتوفي عند تناوله مع بينيميتينيب انحلال العضلات (انحلال الربيدات) الذي يمكن أن يؤدي إلى تلف الكلى ويمكن أن يكون مميتًا؛ ويمكن أن تتضمن العلامات والأعراض:

-                 الألم، أو الشد، أو التيبس، أو التقلص العضلي

-                 لون البول الداكن

 

           سرطانات الجلد الأخرى: قد يؤدي العلاج ببرافتوفي إلى الإصابة بأحد أنواع سرطان الجلد، مثل سرطانة الخلايا الحرشفية الجلدية. وعادة ما تكون هذه التغيرات الجلدية (انظر أيضًا القسم ٢) محصورة في منطقة صغيرة، ويمكن إزالتها جراحيًا والاستمرار في العلاج ببرافتوفي دون توقف. قد يلاحظ أيضًا بعض الأشخاص الذين يتناولون برافتوفي ظهور أورام ميلانينية جديدة. ويتم عادة استئصال هذه الأورام الميلانينية جراحيًا، ويمكن الاستمرار في العلاج ببرافتوفي دون توقف.

 

الأعراض الجانبية الأخرى

بالإضافة إلى الأعراض الجانبية الخطيرة المذكورة أعلاه، قد يصاب أيضًا الأشخاص الذين يتناولون برافتوفي بأعراض جانبية أخرى.

 

 الأعراض الجانبية عند استخدام برافتوفي وبينيميتينيب معًا لعلاج الورم الميلانيني

 

شائعة جدًا (قد تصيب أكثر من شخص واحد من بين كل ١٠ أشخاص):

-                 انخفاض تعداد خلايا الدم الحمراء (فقر الدم)

-                 مشكلات في الأعصاب تؤدي إلى الشعور بالألم، أو فقدان الإحساس، أو الوخز في اليدين والقدمين

-                 الصداع

-                 الدوار

-                 النزيف في مواضع متعددة من الجسم

-                 ضغط الدم المرتفع

-                 مشكلات في رؤيتك (خلل في الإبصار)

-                 ألم المعدة

-                 الإسهال

-                 القيء

-                 الشعور برغبة في التقيؤ (الغثيان)

-                 الإمساك

-                 الحكة

-                 جفاف الجلد

-                 فقدان الشعر أو ترققه (الثعلبة)

-                 الطفح الجلدي بأنواع مختلفة

-                 زيادة سمك الطبقات الخارجية للجلد

-                 آلام المفاصل (الألم المفصلي)

-                 الألم، أو الضعف، أو التقلص العضلي

-                 ألم الظهر

-                 ألم الأطراف

-                 الحمى

-                 تورم اليدين أو القدمين (التورم المحيطي)، التورم الموضعي

-                 الإرهاق

-                 ظهور نتائج غير طبيعية لفحوصات الدم فيما يتعلق بوظائف الكبد

-                 ظهور نتائج غير طبيعية لاختبارات الدم فيما يتعلق بكيناز الكرياتين في الدم (إنزيم في الدم قد يشير إلى التهاب العضلات أو تلفها)

 

شائعة (قد تصيب ما يصل إلى شخص واحد من بين كل ١٠ أشخاص)

-                 بعض أنواع أورام الجلد، مثل الورم الحليمي الجلدي وسرطانة الخلايا القاعدية

-                 تفاعل حساسية قد يتضمن تورم الوجه وصعوبة التنفس

-                 تغيرات في مذاق الأشياء

-                 التهاب العين (التهاب العنبية)

-                 الجلطات الدموية

-                 التهاب القولون

-                 احمرار الجلد، أو تصدعه، أو تشققه

-                 التهاب الطبقة الدهنية تحت الجلد، وتتضمن الأعراض إيلام العقيدات الجلدية

-                 الطفح الجلدي المصحوب بظهور منطقة مسطحة ذات لون مختلف أو نتوءات بارزة تشبه حب الشباب (التهاب الجلد عدي الشكل)

-                 ظهور احمرار أو بثور أو تقشر في جلد اليدين والقدمين (خلل الحس الاحمراري الراحي الإخمصي أو متلازمة اليد والقدم)

-                 الفشل الكلوي

-                 ظهور نتائج غير طبيعية لاختبارات الكلى (ارتفاعات في نسبة الكرياتينين)

-                 ظهور نتائج غير طبيعية لفحوصات الدم فيما يتعلق بوظائف الكبد (الفوسفاتاز القلوي في الدم)

-                 ظهور نتائج غير طبيعية لفحوصات الدم فيما يتعلق بوظائف البنكرياس (الأميلاز، الليباز)

-                 زيادة حساسية الجلد تجاه ضوء الشمس

 

غير شائعة (قد تصيب ما يصل إلى شخص واحد من بين كل ١٠٠ شخص)

-                 ضعف وشلل عضلات الوجه

-                 التهاب البنكرياس المسبب لألم البطن الشديد

 

الأعراض الجانبية عند استخدام برافتوفي وحده في التجارب الإكلينيكية المجراة على مرضى الورم الميلانيني

 

إذا استمر تناولك لبرافتوفي وحده مع إيقاف الدواء الآخر (بينيميتينيب) مؤقتًا استنادًا إلى قرار طبيبك، فقد تصاب ببعض الأعراض الجانبية المذكورة في القوائم أعلاه، إلا أن معدل التكرار قد يتغير (يزيد أو يقل).

 

شائعة جدًا (قد تصيب أكثر من شخص واحد من بين كل ١٠ أشخاص)

-                 الإرهاق

-                 الشعور برغبة في التقيؤ (الغثيان)

-                 القيء

-                 الإمساك

-                 الطفح الجلدي بأنواع مختلفة

-                 ظهور احمرار أو بثور أو تقشر في جلد اليدين والقدمين (يُسمى خلل الحس الاحمراري الراحي الإخمصي

أو متلازمة اليد والقدم)

-                 زيادة سمك الطبقات الخارجية للجلد (فرط التقرن)

-                 جفاف الجلد

-                 الحكة

-                 فقدان الشعر أو ترققه بشكل غير طبيعي (الثعلبة)

-                 احمرار الجلد، أو تصدعه، أو تشققه

-                 تحول الجلد إلى لون داكن

-                 فقدان الشهية

-                 صعوبة النوم (الأرق)

-                 الصداع

-                 مشكلات في الأعصاب يمكنها التسبب في الشعور بالألم، أو فقدان الإحساس، أو الوخز في اليدين والقدمين

-                 تغيرات في مذاق الأشياء

-                 آلام المفاصل (الألم المفصلي)

-                 الألم، أو التقلص، أو الضعف العضلي

-                 ألم الأطراف

-                 ألم الظهر

-                 الحمى

-                 بعض أنواع أورام الجلد الحميدة مثل الوحمة الميلانينية والورم الحليمي الجلدي

-                 ظهور نتائج غير طبيعية لفحوصات الدم فيما يتعلق بالكبد

 

شائعة (قد تصيب ما يصل إلى شخص واحد من بين كل ١٠ أشخاص)

-                 تفاعل حساسية يمكن أن يتضمن تورم الوجه وصعوبة التنفس

-                 ضعف وشلل عضلات الوجه

-                 سرعة ضربات القلب

-                 الطفح الجلدي المصحوب بظهور منطقة مسطحة ذات لون مختلف أو نتوءات بارزة تشبه حب الشباب (التهاب الجلد عدي الشكل)

-                 تقشر الجلد

-                 التهاب المفاصل

-                 الفشل الكلوي

-                 ظهور نتائج غير طبيعية لاختبارات الكلى (ارتفاعات في نسبة الكرياتينين)

-                 زيادة حساسية الجلد تجاه ضوء الشمس

-                 ظهور نتائج غير طبيعية لفحوصات الدم فيما يتعلق بوظائف البنكرياس (الليباز)

 

غير شائعة (قد تصيب ما يصل إلى شخص واحد من بين كل ١٠٠ شخص)

-                 أحد أنواع سرطان الجلد مثل سرطانة الخلايا القاعدية

-                 التهاب العين (التهاب العنبية)

-                 التهاب البنكرياس المسبب لألم البطن الشديد

-                 ظهور نتائج غير طبيعية لفحوصات الدم فيما يتعلق بوظائف البنكرياس (الأميلاز)

 

الأعراض الجانبية عند أخذ برافتوفي بالتزامن مع سيتوكسيماب لعلاج سرطان الأمعاء الغليظة

بالإضافة إلى الأعراض الجانبية الخطيرة المذكورة أعلاه، قد يصاب الأشخاص الذين يتناولون برافتوفي بالتزامن مع سيتوكسيماب أيضًا بالأعراض الجانبية التالية.

 

 شائعة جدًا (قد تصيب أكثر من شخص واحد من بين كل ١٠ أشخاص)

-            شامات جديدة تسمى "الوحمة الميلانينية"

-            فقدان الشهية

-            صعوبة النوم (الأرق)

-            مشكلات في الأعصاب تؤدي إلى الشعور بالألم، أو فقدان الإحساس، أو الوخز في اليدين والقدمين

-            الصداع

-            النزيف في مواضع متعددة من الجسم

-            الإسهال

-            ألم المعدة

-            الشعور برغبة في التقيؤ (الغثيان)

-            القيء

-            الإمساك

-            الطفح الجلدي المصحوب بظهور منطقة مسطحة ذات لون مختلف أو نتوءات بارزة تشبه حب الشباب (التهاب الجلد عدي الشكل)

-            الطفح الجلدي بأنواع مختلفة

-            جفاف الجلد

-            الحكة

-            ألم المفاصل (الألم المفصلي) وألم العظام و/أو العضلات (ألم عضلي هيكلي)

-            الألم، أو الضعف، أو التقلص العضلي

-            ألم الأطراف

-            ألم الظهر

-            الإرهاق

-            الحمى

 

شائعة (قد تصيب ما يصل إلى شخص واحد من بين كل ١٠ أشخاص)

-            بعض أنواع أورام الجلد، مثل الورم الحليمي الجلدي.

-            تفاعل حساسية قد يتضمن تورم الوجه وصعوبة التنفس

-            الدوار

-            تغيرات في مذاق الأشياء

-            سرعة ضربات القلب

-            تحول الجلد إلى لون داكن

-            ظهور احمرار أو بثور أو تقشر في جلد اليدين والقدمين (خلل الحس الاحمراري الراحي الإخمصي أو متلازمة اليد والقدم)

-            زيادة سمك الطبقات الخارجية للجلد (فرط التقرن)

-            احمرار الجلد، أو تصدعه، أو تشققه

-            فقدان الشعر أو ترققه (الثعلبة)

-            الفشل الكلوي

-            ظهور نتائج غير طبيعية لاختبارات الكلى (ارتفاعات في نسبة الكرياتينين)

-            ظهور نتائج غير طبيعية لفحوصات الدم فيما يتعلق بوظائف الكبد

 

غير شائعة (قد تصيب ما يصل إلى شخص واحد من بين كل ١٠٠ شخص)

-            بعض أنواع أورام الجلد، مثل سرطانة الخلايا القاعدية

-            التهاب البنكرياس المسبب لألم البطن الشديد

-            تقشر الجلد

-            ظهور نتائج غير طبيعية لفحوصات الدم فيما يتعلق بوظائف البنكرياس (الأميلاز، الليباز)

 

الأعراض الجانبية عند أخذ برافتوفي بالتزامن مع بينيميتينيب لعلاج سرطان الرئة ذي الخلايا غير الصغيرة

-            إرهاق

-            غثيان

-            إسهال

-            آلام في العضلات أو المفاصل

-            قيء

-            ألم في منطقة المعدة (البطن)

-         عدم وضوح الرؤية، أو فقدان الرؤية، أو تغيرات أخرى في الرؤية

-         إمساك

-         ضيق في التنفس

-         طفح جلدي

-         سعال

 

الإبلاغ عن الأعراض الجانبية

إذا أصبت بأي أعراض جانبية، فتحدث إلى طبيبك أو الصيدلي أو الممرضة. يتضمن هذا أي أعراض جانبية محتملة غير مدرجة في هذه النشرة. بالإبلاغ عن الأعراض الجانبية، يمكنك المساعدة في توفير المزيد من المعلومات حول سلامة هذا الدواء.

 

للإبلاغ عن الأعراض الجانبية

 

·         المملكة العربية السعودية

 

المركز الوطني للتيقظ الدوائي:

  • مركز الاتصال الموحد: ١٩٩٩٩
  • البريد الإلكتروني: npc.drug@sfda.gov.sa
  • الموقع الإلكتروني: https://ade.sfda.gov.sa

 

·          دول الخليج الأخرى

 

الرجاء الاتصال بالمؤسسات والهيئات الوطنية في كل دولة.

احتفظ بهذا الدواء بعيدًا عن مرأى ومتناول الأطفال.

 

لا تستخدم هذا الدواء بعد تاريخ انتهاء الصلاحية المُدون على العبوة الكرتونية وشريط البليستر بعد الرمز "EXP". يشير تاريخ انتهاء الصلاحية إلى آخر يوم من الشهر المذكور.

 

يحفظ في درجة حرارة أقل من ٣٠ درجة مئوية. يُخزن في عبوته الأصلية لحمايته من الرطوبة.

 

لا تتخلص من أي أدوية عبر مياه الصرف أو مع المخلفات المنزلية. اسأل الصيدلي الذي تتعامل معه عن كيفية التخلص من الأدوية التي لم تعد تستخدمها. ستساعد هذه التدابير في حماية البيئة.

 

-              المادة الفعالة هي إنكورافينيب.

 برافتوفي ٥٠ ملجم: تحتوي كل كبسولة صلبة على ٥٠ ملجم من إنكورافينيب.

برافتوفي ٧٥ ملجم: تحتوي كل كبسولة صلبة على ٧٥ ملجم من إنكورافينيب.

-             المكونات الأخرى هي:

·   محتويات الكبسولة: كوبوفيدون (E1208)، بولوكسامير ١٨٨، سليولوز دقيق التبلور (E460i)، حمض السكسينيك (E363)، كروسبوفيدون (E1202)، سيليكا غروانية لا مائية (E551)، ستيارات المغنيسيوم (E470b)

·   غلاف الكبسولة: جيلاتين (E441)، ثاني أكسيد التيتانيوم (E171)، أكسيد الحديد الأحمر (E172)، أكسيد الحديد الأصفر (E172)، أكسيد الحديد الأسود (E172)

·   حبر الطباعة: صمغ اللك (E904)، أكسيد الحديد الأسود (E172)، بروبيلين جليكول (E1520)

 

كبسولات برافتوفي الصلبة ٥٠ ملجم

 الكبسولة الصلبة (الكبسولة) لها غطاء برتقالي غير شفاف وجسم بلون الجلد غير شفاف، وتحمل علامة "A" بتصميم مميز مطبوعة على الغطاء و"LGX 50mg" على جسم الكبسولة.

 يتوفر برافتوفي ٥٠ ملجم في عبوة ٢٨×١ كبسولة في شرائط بليستر مثقبة ذات جرعة موحدة من البولي أميد/الألومنيوم/البولي فينيل كلوريد (PVC)/الألومنيوم/البولي إيثيلين تيرفثالات (PET)/الورق. قد لا يتم طرح جميع أحجام العبوات في الأسواق.

 

كبسولات برافتوفي الصلبة ٧٥ ملجم

 الكبسولة الصلبة (الكبسولة) لها غطاء بلون الجلد غير شفاف وجسم أبيض غير شفاف، وتحمل علامة "A" بتصميم مميز مطبوعة على الغطاء و"LGX 75mg" على جسم الكبسولة.

يتوفر برافتوفي ٧٥ ملجم في عبوة ٤٢×١ كبسولة في شرائط بليستر مثقبة ذات جرعة موحدة من البولي أميد/الألومنيوم/البولي فينيل كلوريد/الألومنيوم/البولي إيثيلين تيرفثالات/الورق. قد لا تُطرح جميع أحجام العبوات في الأسواق.

 

مالك رخصة التسويق

فايزر يوروب إم أي إي إي جي
بروكسل، بلجيكا

 

الشركة الصانعة

كاتالينت فارما سوليوشنز إل إل سي
سومرسيت، نيوجيرسي، الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية

 

شركة التغليف والفسح النهائي
بير فابر ميديسامينت برودكشن
موقع بروجيفارم، جين، فرنسا

 

الاتحاد الأوروبي: بتاريخ يوليو ٢٠٢٢ وفي الولايات المتحدة: بتاريخ أكتوبر ٢٠٢٣
 Read this leaflet carefully before you start using this product as it contains important information for you

Braftovi 50 mg hard capsules Braftovi 75 mg hard capsules

Braftovi 50 mg hard capsules Each hard capsule contains 50 mg of encorafenib. Braftovi 75 mg hard capsules Each hard capsule contains 75 mg of encorafenib. For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1.

Hard capsule (capsule). Braftovi 50 mg hard capsules Orange opaque cap and flesh opaque body, printed with a stylised “A” on the cap and “LGX 50mg” on the body. The length of the capsule is approximately 22 mm. Braftovi 75 mg hard capsules Flesh coloured opaque cap and white opaque body, printed with a stylised “A” on the cap and “LGX 75mg” on the body. The length of the capsule is approximately 23 mm.

Encorafenib is indicated:

 

- in combination with binimetinib for the treatment of adult patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma with a BRAF V600 mutation (see sections 4.4 and 5.1).

 

- in combination with binimetinib, for the treatment of adult patients with metastatic non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a BRAF V600E mutation, as detected by an FDA-approved test (see section 4.2).

 

- in combination with cetuximab, for the treatment of adult patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) with a BRAF V600E mutation, who have received prior systemic therapy (see sections 4.4 and 5.1).


Encorafenib treatmentError! No property name supplied. should be initiated and supervised under the responsibility of a physician experienced in the use of anticancer medicinal products.

 

Posology

 

Melanoma and for BRAF V600E Mutation-Positive Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

The recommended dose of encorafenib is 450 mg (six 75 mg capsules) once daily, when used in combination with binimetinib.

 

Colorectal cancer

The recommended dose of encorafenib is 300 mg (four 75 mg capsules) once daily, when used in combination with cetuximab.

 

Dose modification

 

Melanoma and for BRAF V600E Mutation-Positive Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

The management of adverse reactions may require dose reduction, temporary interruption or treatment discontinuation of encorafenib (see Tables 1, 3 and 4).

For information on the posology and recommended dose modifications of binimetinib, see section 4.2 of binimetinib SmPC.   

 

Dose reduction recommendations for encorafenib are presented in Table 1, 2 and 3.

 

Table 1:           Recommended dose modifications for encorafenib when used in combination with binimetinib in melanoma indication

Dose level

Encorafenib dose

when used in combination with binimetinib

Starting dose

Six 75 mg (450 mg) capsules once daily

1st dose reduction

Four 75 mg (300 mg) capsules once daily

2nd dose reduction

Three 75 mg (225 mg) capsules once daily

Subsequent modification

There are limited data for dose reduction to 100 mg once daily.

Encorafenib should be permanently discontinued if patient is unable to tolerate 100 mg (two 50 mg capsules) once daily. 

 

Administration of encorafenib at a dose of 450 mg once daily as a single agent is not recommended. If binimetinib is temporarily interrupted, encorafenib should be reduced at 300 mg once daily during the time of binimetinib dose interruption (see section 4.2 of binimetinib Summary of Product Characteristics [SmPC]) as encorafenib is not well‑tolerated at the dose of 450 mg as a single agent. If binimetinib is permanently discontinued, encorafenib should be discontinued.

 

If encorafenib is temporarily interrupted (see Tables 4 and 5), binimetinib should be interrupted. If encorafenib is permanently discontinued, then binimetinib should be discontinued.

 

If treatment-related toxicities occur, then encorafenib and binimetinib should be dose reduced, interrupted or discontinued. Dose modifications are necessary for binimetinib only (adverse reactions primarily related to binimetinib) for the following: retinal pigment epithelial detachment (RPED), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis, cardiac dysfunction, creatine phosphokinase (CK) elevation and rhabdomyolysis, and venous thromboembolism (VTE).

If one of these toxicities occurs, see section 4.2 of binimetinib SmPC for dose modification instructions for binimetinib.

 

Table 2:           Recommended dose modifications for encorafenib when used in combination with binimetinib in NSCLC

Action

Recommended Dose

First Dose Reduction

300 mg (four 75 mg capsules) orally once daily

Second Dose Reduction

225 mg (three 75 mg capsules) orally once daily

Subsequent Modification

Permanently discontinue if unable to tolerate BRAFTOVI 225 mg (three 75 mg capsules) once daily

 

Colorectal cancer

The management of adverse reactions may require dose reduction, temporary interruption or treatment discontinuation of encorafenib (see Tables 2, 3 and 4).

For information on the posology and recommended dose modifications of cetuximab, see section 4.2 of cetuximab SmPC.

 

Dose reduction recommendations for encorafenib are presented in Table 3.

 

Table 3:           Recommended dose modifications for encorafenib when used in combination with cetuximab in CRC indication

Dose level

Encorafenib dose

when used in combination with cetuximab

Starting dose

Four 75 mg (300 mg) capsules once daily

1st dose reduction

Three 75 mg (225 mg) capsules once daily

2nd dose reduction

Two 75 mg (150 mg) capsules once daily

 

If encorafenib is permanently discontinued, cetuximab should be discontinued.

If cetuximab is permanently discontinued, encorafenib should be discontinued.

 

Melanoma, colorectal cancer and BRAF V600E Mutation Positive NSCLC

Dose modifications in case of adverse reactions are provided below and in Tables 4 and 5.

 

For new primary cutaneous malignancies: No dose modifications are required for encorafenib.

 

For new primary non-cutaneous RAS mutation-positive malignancies: it should be considered to discontinue encorafenib permanently.

 

Table 4:           Recommended dose modifications for encorafenib when used in combination with binimetinib or in combination with cetuximab for selected adverse reactions

Severity of adverse reactiona

Encorafenib

Cutaneous reactions

·         Grade 2

Encorafenib should be maintained.

If rash worsens or does not improve within 2 weeks with treatment, encorafenib should be withheld until Grade 0 or 1 and then resumed at the same dose.

·         Grade 3

Encorafenib should be withheld until improved to Grade 0 or 1 and resumed at the same dose if first occurrence, or resumed at a reduced dose if recurrent Grade 3.

·         Grade 4

Encorafenib should be permanently discontinued.

Palmar-plantar erythrodysaesthesia syndrome (PPES)

·         Grade 2

 

Encorafenib should be maintained and supportive measures such as topical therapy should be instituted.

If not improved despite supportive therapy within 2 weeks, encorafenib should be withheld until improved to Grade 0 or 1 and treatment should be resumed at same dose level or at a reduced dose.

·         Grade 3

Encorafenib should be withheld, supportive measures such as topical therapy should be instituted, and the patient should be reassessed weekly.

Encorafenib should be resumed at same dose level or at a reduced dose level when improved to Grade 0 or 1.

Uveitis including iritis and iridocyclitis

·         Grade 1‑3

If Grade 1 or 2 uveitis does not respond to specific (e.g. topical) ocular therapy or for Grade 3 uveitis, encorafenib should be withheld and ophthalmic monitoring should be repeated within 2 weeks.

If uveitis is Grade 1 and it improves to Grade 0, then treatment should be resumed at the same dose.

If uveitis is Grade 2 or 3 and it improves to Grade 0 or 1, then treatment should be resumed at a reduced dose.

If not improved within 6 weeks, ophthalmic monitoring should be repeated and encorafenib should be permanently discontinued.

  • Grade 4

Encorafenib should be permanently discontinued and a follow up with ophthalmologic monitoring should be performed.

QTc Prolongation

·         QTcF > 500 ms and change ≤ 60 ms from pre-treatment value

Encorafenib should be withheld (see monitoring in section 4.4).

Encorafenib should be resumed at a reduced dose when QTcF ≤500 ms.

 

Encorafenib should be discontinued if more than one recurrence.

·         QTcF>500 ms and increased by >60 ms from pre-treatment values

Encorafenib should be permanently discontinued (see monitoring in section 4.4).

Liver laboratory abnormalities

  • Grade 2 (aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >3x­ ≤5x upper limit of normal (ULN)) 

Encorafenib should be maintained.

If no improvement within 4 weeks, encorafenib should be withheld until improved to Grade 0 or 1 or to pre-treatment/baseline levels and then resumed at the same dose. 

  • First occurrence of Grade 3 (AST or ALT >5x ULN and blood bilirubin >2x ULN)

Encorafenib should be withheld for up to 4 weeks.

·         If improved to Grade 0 or 1 or to baseline levels, it should be resumed at a reduced dose.

·         If not improved, encorafenib should be permanently discontinued

  • First occurrence of Grade 4 (AST or ALT >20 ULN)

Encorafenib should be withheld for up to 4 weeks

·         If improved to Grade 0 or 1 or to baseline levels, then it should be resumed at a reduced dose level.

·         If not improved, encorafenib should be permanently discontinued.

 

Or, encorafenib should be permanently discontinued.

  • Recurrent Grade 3 (AST or ALT > 5x ULN and blood bilirubin > 2x ULN)

It should be considered to permanently discontinue encorafenib.

  • Recurrent Grade 4 (AST or ALT > 20 ULN)

Encorafenib should be permanently discontinued.

a National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) version 4.03

 

Table 5:           Recommended dose modifications for encorafenib when used in combination with binimetinib or in combination with cetuximab for other adverse reactions

Severity of adverse reaction

Encorafenib

·      Recurrent or intolerable Grade 2 adverse reactions

·      First occurrence of Grade 3 adverse reactions

Encorafenib should be withheld for up to 4 weeks.

·         If improved to Grade 0 or 1 or to baseline levels,

It should be resumed at a reduced dose.

·         If not improved, encorafenib should be permanently discontinued

·      First occurrence of any Grade 4 adverse reaction

Encorafenib should be withheld for up to 4 weeks

·         If improved to Grade 0 or 1 or to baseline levels, then it should be resumed at a reduced dose level.

·         If not improved, encorafenib should be permanently discontinued.

 

Or, encorafenib should be permanently discontinued.

·      Recurrent Grade 3 adverse reactions

Permanent discontinuation of encorafenib should be considered.

·      Recurrent Grade 4 adverse reactions

Encorafenib should be permanently discontinued.

 

Duration of treatment

Treatment should continue until the patient no longer derives benefit or the development of unacceptable toxicity.

 

Missed doses

If a dose of encorafenib is missed, the patient should only take the missed dose if it is more than 12 hours until the next scheduled dose.

 

Vomiting

In case of vomiting after administration of encorafenib, the patient should not take an additional dose and should take the next scheduled dose.

 

Special populations

Elderly patients

No dose adjustment is required for patients aged 65 years and older (see section 5.2).

 

Hepatic impairment

Patients with mild to severe hepatic impairment may have increased encorafenib exposure (see section 5.2).

Administration of encorafenib should be undertaken with caution at a dose of 300 mg once daily in patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child‑Pugh Class A).

No dosing recommendation can be made in patients with moderate (Child‑Pugh Class B) or severe (Child-Pugh Class C) hepatic impairment.

 

Renal impairment

No dose adjustment is required for patients with mild or moderate renal impairment based on a population pharmacokinetics (PK) analysis. There are no clinical data with encorafenib in patients with severe renal impairment. Therefore, the potential need for dose adjustment cannot be determined. Encorafenib should be used with caution in patients with severe renal impairment (see sections 4.4 and 5.2).

 

Paediatric population

The safety and efficacy of encorafenib have not yet been established in children and adolescents. No data are available.

 

Method of administration
 

Braftovi is for oral use. The capsules are to be swallowed whole with water. They may be taken with or without food. The concomitant administration of encorafenib with grapefruit juice should be avoided (see sections 4.4 and 4.5)


Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.

Encorafenib is to be given in combination with binimetinib (for patients with BRAF V600 mutant unresectable or metastatic melanoma), or in combination with cetuximab (for patients with BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer). For additional information on warnings and precautions associated with binimetinib or cetuximab treatment, see section 4.4 of binimetinib SmPC or cetuximab SmPC.

 

BRAF mutation testing

 

Before taking encorafenib, patients must have unresectable or metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600 mutation or metastatic colorectal cancer with BRAF V600E mutation confirmed by a validated test. The efficacy and safety of encorafenib have been established only in patients with melanoma tumours expressing BRAF V600E and V600K mutations or colorectal tumours expressing BRAF V600E mutation. Encorafenib should not be used in patients with wild type BRAF malignant melanoma or wild type BRAF colorectal cancer.

 

BRAF V600E Mutation-Positive Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

Confirm the presence of a BRAF V600E mutation in tumor or plasma specimens prior to initiating BRAFTOVI (see section 5.1). If no mutation is detected in a plasma specimen, test tumor tissue. Information on FDA-approved tests for the detection of BRAF V600E mutations in NSCLC is available at: http://www.fda.gov/CompanionDiagnostics.

 

Encorafenib in combination with binimetinib in patients who have progressed on a BRAF inhibitor

 

There are limited data for the use of the combination of encorafenib with binimetinib in patients who have progressed on a prior BRAF inhibitor given for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600 mutation. These data show that the efficacy of the combination would be lower in these patients.

         

Encorafenib in combination with binimetinib in patients with brain metastases

 

There are limited efficacy data with the combination of encorafenib and binimetinib in patients with a BRAF V600 mutant melanoma which have metastasised to the brain (see section 5.1).

 

Left ventricular dysfunction (LVD)

 

LVD defined as symptomatic or asymptomatic decreases in ejection fraction has been reported when encorafenib is used in combination with binimetinib. It is recommended that left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is assessed by echocardiogram or multi-gated acquisition (MUGA) scan before initiation of encorafenib and binimetinib, one month after initiation, and then at approximately 3-month intervals or more frequently as clinically indicated, while on treatment. If during treatment LVD occurs, see section 4.2 of binimetinib SmPC.

In PHAROS, evidence of cardiomyopathy (decrease in LVEF below the institutional LLN with an absolute decrease in LVEF ≥10% below baseline as detected by echocardiography or MUGA) occurred in 11% of patients receiving BRAFTOVI in combination with binimetinib. Grade 3 left ventricular dysfunction occurred in 1% of patients. Cardiomyopathy resolved in 82% of patients receiving BRAFTOVI plus binimetinib.

The safety of encorafenib in combination with binimetinib has not been established in patients with a baseline LVEF that is either below 50% or below the institutional lower limits of normal. Therefore, in these patients, binimetinib should be used with caution and for any symptomatic left ventricular dysfunction, Grade 3‑4 LVEF decrease or for absolute decrease of LVEF from baseline of ≥ 10%, binimetinib and encorafenib should be discontinued and LVEF should be evaluated every 2 weeks until recovery.

 

 

Haemorrhage

 

Haemorrhages, including major haemorrhagic events, can occur with encorafenib (see section 4.8). The risk of haemorrhage may be increased with concomitant use of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy. The occurrence of Grade ≥3 haemorrhagic events should be managed with dose interruption or treatment discontinuation (see Table 5 in section 4.2) and as clinically indicated.

In PHAROS, haemorrhage occurred in 12% of patients receiving BRAFTOVI in combination with binimetinib including fatal haemorrhage intracranial (1%); Grade 3 or 4 haemorrhage occurred in 4.1% of patients. The most frequent haemorrhagic events were anal haemorrhage and haemothorax (2% each).

 

Ocular toxicities

 

Ocular toxicities including uveitis, iritis, and iridocyclitis can occur when encorafenib is administered. RPED has also been reported in patients treated with encorafenib in combination with binimetinib (see section 4.8).

In PHAROS, the incidence of uveitis among patients treated with BRAFTOVI in combination with binimetinib was 1%.

Patients should be assessed at each visit for symptoms of new or worsening visual disturbance. If symptoms of new or worsening visual disturbances including diminished central vision, blurred vision or loss of vision are identified, a prompt ophthalmologic examination is recommended.
If uveitis including iridocyclitis and iritis occurs during treatment, see section 4.2.

If during treatment patient develops RPED or RVO, see section 4.2 of binimetinib SmPC for guidance.

 

QT prolongation

 

QT Prolongation has been observed in patients treated with BRAF-inhibitors. A thorough QT study to evaluate the QT prolongation potential of encorafenib has not been conducted.

Overall, results suggest that single agent encorafenib has the potential to cause mild increases in heart rate. Across pooled combination studies of encorafenib and binimetinib at the recommended doses and a single-agent encorafenib study, results suggest that encorafenib has the potential to result in small increases in QTc interval (see section 5.1).

In PHAROS, an increase in QTcF to >500 ms was measured in 2.1% (2/95) of patients who received BRAFTOVI in combination with binimetinib.

There are insufficient data to exclude a clinically significant exposure dependent QT prolongation.

Due to the potential risk for QT prolongation, it is recommended that serum electrolytes abnormalities, including magnesium and potassium, are corrected and risk factors for QT prolongation controlled (e.g. congestive heart failure, bradyarrhythmias) before treatment initiation and during treatment.

It is recommended that an electrocardiogram (ECG) is assessed before initiation of encorafenib, one month after initiation, and then at approximately 3-month intervals or more frequently as clinically indicated, while on treatment. The occurrence of QTc prolongation can be managed with dose reduction, interruption or discontinuation with correction of abnormal electrolytes and control of risk factors (see section 4.2).

 

New primary malignancies

 

New primary malignancies, cutaneous and non-cutaneous, have been observed in patients treated with BRAF inhibitors and can occur when encorafenib is administered (see section 4.8).

 

Cutaneous malignancies

Cutaneous malignancies such as cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cuSCC) including kerathoacanthoma have been observed in patients treated with BRAF-inhibitors including encorafenib.

New primary melanoma has been observed in patients treated with BRAF inhibitors including encorafenib (see section 4.8).

Dermatologic evaluations should be performed prior to initiation of therapy with encorafenib, every 2 months while on therapy and for up to 6 months following treatment discontinuation. Suspicious skin lesions should be managed with dermatological excision and dermatopathologic evaluation. Patients should be instructed to immediately inform their physicians if new skin lesions develop. Encorafenib should be continued without any dose modification.

In PHAROS, cuSCC and skin papilloma, each occurred in 2% of patients who received BRAFTOVI in combination with binimetinib.

 

Non-cutaneous malignancies
Based on its mechanism of action, encorafenib may promote malignancies associated with activation of RAS through mutation or other mechanisms. Patients receiving encorafenib should undergo a head and neck examination, chest/abdomen computerised tomography (CT) scan, anal and pelvic examinations (for women) and complete blood cell counts prior to initiation, during and at the end of treatment as clinically appropriate. It should be considered to permanently discontinue encorafenib in patients who develop RAS mutation-positive non-cutaneous malignancies. Benefits and risks should be carefully considered before administering encorafenib to patients with a prior or concurrent cancer associated with RAS mutation.

 

Liver laboratory abnormalities

 

Liver laboratory abnormalities including AST and ALT elevations have been observed with encorafenib (see section 4.8). In PHAROS, the incidence of Grade 3 or 4 increases in liver function laboratory tests in patients receiving BRAFTOVI in combination with binimetinib was 10% for AST, 9% for ALT, and 3.2% for alkaline phosphatase.

Liver laboratory values should be monitored before initiation of encorafenib and monitored at least monthly during the 6 first months of treatment, then as clinically indicated. Liver laboratory abnormalities should be managed with dose interruption, reduction or treatment discontinuation (see section 4.2).

 

Hepatic impairment

 

As encorafenib is primarily metabolised and eliminated via the liver, patients with mild to severe hepatic impairment may have increased encorafenib exposure over the range of inter-subject variability exposure (see section 5.2).

In the absence of clinical data, encorafenib is not recommended in patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment.

Administration of encorafenib should be undertaken with caution at a dose of 300 mg once daily in patients with mild hepatic impairment (see section 4.2). Closer monitoring of encorafenib related toxicities in patients with mild hepatic impairment is recommended, including clinical examination and liver function tests, with assessment of ECGs as clinically appropriate during treatment.

 

Renal impairment

 

There are no data available in patients with severe renal impairment (see sections 4.2 and 5.2).

Encorafenib should be used with caution in patients with severe renal impairment. Creatinine elevation has been commonly reported with encorafenib as single agent or in combination with binimetinib or cetuximab. Observed cases of renal failure including acute kidney injury and renal impairment were generally associated with vomiting and dehydration. Other contributing factors included diabetes and hypertension. Blood creatinine should be monitored as clinically indicated and creatinine elevation managed with dose modification or discontinuation (see Table 5 in section 4.2). Patients should ensure adequate fluid intake during treatment.

 

Effects of other medicinal products on encorafenib.

 

Concurrent use of strong CYP3A inhibitors during treatment with encorafenib should be avoided. If concomitant use with a strong CYP3A inhibitor is necessary, patients should be carefully monitored for safety (see section 4.5).

Caution should be exercised if a moderate CYP3A inhibitor is co-administered with encorafenib.


Effects of other medicinal products on encorafenib

 

Encorafenib is primarily metabolised by CYP3A4.

 

CYP3A4 inhibitors

Co-administration of moderate (diltiazem) and strong (posaconazole) CYP3A4 inhibitors with single doses of encorafenib in healthy volunteers resulted in a 2 and 3-fold increase in the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), respectively and in 44.6% and 68.3% increase in maximum encorafenib concentration (Cmax) respectively.

Model ­based predictions indicate that the effect of posaconazole after repeated administrations could be similar for AUC (3­-fold increase) and slightly greater for Cmax (2.7­-fold increase). Model-based predictions for ketoconazole suggest an increase of approx. 5-fold for encorafenib AUC and 3­ to 4-fold for encorafenib Cmax after administration of encorafenib 450 and 300 mg QD, respectively.

Therefore, concomitant administration of encorafenib with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors should be avoided (due to increased encorafenib exposure and potential increase in toxicity, see section 5.2). Examples of strong CYP3A4 inhibitors include, but are not limited to, ritonavir, itraconazole, clarithromycin, telithromycin, posaconazole and grapefruit juice. If concomitant use of a strong CYP3A inhibitor is unavoidable, patients should be carefully monitored for safety.

Moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors should be co-administered with caution. Examples of moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors include, but are not limited to, amiodarone, erythromycin, fluconazole, diltiazem, amprenavir and imatinib. When encorafenib is co-administered with a moderate CYP3A inhibitor, patients should be carefully monitored for safety.

 

CYP3A4 inducers

Co-administration of encorafenib with a CYP3A4 inducer was not assessed in a clinical study; however, a reduction in encorafenib exposure is likely and may result in compromised efficacy. Examples of moderate or strong CYP3A4 inducers include, but are not limited to carbamazepine, rifampicin, phenytoin and St. John’s Wort. Alternative agents with no or minimal CYP3A induction potential should be considered.

 

Effects of encorafenib on other medicinal products

 

CYP substrates

Encorafenib is both an inhibitor and inducer of CYP3A4. Concomitant use with agents that are substrates of CYP3A4 (e.g., hormonal contraceptives) may result in increased toxicity or loss of efficacy of these agents. Agents that are CYP3A4 substrates should be co-administered with caution.

Encorafenib is an inhibitor of UGT1A1. Concomitant agents that are substrates of UGT1A1 (e.g. raltegravir, atorvastatin, dolutegravir) may have increased exposure and should be therefore administered with caution.

 

Effect of encorafenib on binimetinib

While encorafenib is a relatively potent reversible inhibitor of UGT1A1, no differences in binimetinib exposure have been observed clinically when binimetinib was co-administered with encorafenib.

 

Transporter substrates

In vivo, encorafenib is an inhibitor of OATP1B1, OATP1B3 and/or BCRP. Coadministration of encorafenib with OATP1B1, OATP1B3 or BCRP substrates (such as rosuvastatin, atorvastatin, methotrexate) can result in increased concentrations (see section 5.2).

In vitro, encorafenib potentially inhibits a number of other transporters. Agents that are substrates of renal transporters OAT1, OAT3, OCT2 (such as furosemide, penicillin) or agents that are substrates of the hepatic transporters OCT1 (such as, bosentan) or substrates of P-gp (e.g. posaconazole) may also have increased exposure.

Therefore, these agents, substrates of transporters should be co‑administered with caution.


Women of childbearing potential / Contraception in females

 

Women of childbearing potential must use effective contraception during treatment with encorafenib and for at least 1 month following the last dose. Encorafenib may decrease the efficacy of hormonal contraceptives (see section 4.5). Therefore, female patients using hormonal contraception are advised to use an additional or alternative method such as a barrier method (e.g. condom) during treatment with encorafenib and for at least 1 month following the last dose.

 

Pregnancy

 

There are no data from the use of encorafenib in pregnant women. Studies in animals have shown reproductive toxicity (see section 5.3).

Encorafenib is not recommended during pregnancy and in women of childbearing potential not using contraception. If encorafenib is used during pregnancy or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking encorafenib, the patient should be informed of the potential hazard to the foetus.

 

Breast-feeding

 

It is unknown whether encorafenib or its metabolites are excreted in human milk. A risk to the newborns/infants cannot be excluded. A decision must be made whether to discontinue breast-feeding or to discontinue encorafenib therapy taking into account the benefit of breast-feeding for the child and the benefit of therapy for the mother.

 

Fertility

 

There are no data on the effects of encorafenib on fertility in humans. Based on findings in animals, the use of encorafenib may impact fertility in males of reproductive potential (see section 5.3). As the clinical relevance of this is unknown, male patients should be informed of the potential risk for impaired spermatogenesis.


Encorafenib has minor influence on the ability to drive or use machines. Visual disturbances have been reported in some patients treated with encorafenib during clinical studies. Patients should be advised not to drive or use machines if they experience visual disturbances or any other adverse reactions that may affect their ability to drive and use machines (see sections 4.4 and 4.8).


Summary of safety profile

 

Melanoma and Colorectal cancer

 

The safety of encorafenib (450 mg orally once daily) in combination with binimetinib (45 mg orally twice daily) was evaluated in 274 patients with BRAF V600 mutant unresectable or metastatic melanoma (hereafter referred to as the pooled Combo 450 population), based on two Phase II studies (CMEK162X2110 and CLGX818X2109) and one Phase III study (CMEK162B2301, Part 1).

At the recommended dose (n = 274) in patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma, the most common adverse reactions (>25%) occurring in patients treated with encorafenib administered with binimetinib were fatigue, nausea, diarrhoea, vomiting, retinal detachment, abdominal pain, arthralgia, blood CK increased and myalgia.

 

The safety of encorafenib (300 mg orally once daily) in combination with binimetinib (45 mg orally twice daily) was evaluated in 257 patients with BRAF V600 mutant unresectable or metastatic melanoma (hereafter referred to as the Combo 300 population), based on the Phase III study (CMEK162B2301, Part 2). The most common adverse reactions (>25%) occurring in patients treated with encorafenib 300 mg administered with binimetinib were fatigue, nausea and diarrhoea.

 

The encorafenib single agent (300 mg orally once daily) safety profile is based on data from 217 patients with unresectable or metastatic BRAF V600-mutant melanoma (hereafter referred to as the pooled encorafenib 300 population). The most common adverse drug reactions (ADRs) (>25%) reported with encorafenib 300 were hyperkeratosis, alopecia, PPES, fatigue, rash, arthralgia, dry skin, nausea, myalgia, headache, vomiting and pruritus.

 

The safety of encorafenib (300 mg orally once daily) in combination with cetuximab (dosed as per its SmPC) was evaluated in 216 patients with BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer, based on the phase III study ARRAY-818-302. The most common ADRs (>25%) reported in this population were: fatigue, nausea, diarrhoea, dermatitis acneiform, abdominal pain, arthralgia/musculoskeletal pain, decreased appetite, rash and vomiting.

The rate of all study drug discontinuation due to any adverse reaction was 1.9 % in patients treated with encorafenib 300 mg in combination with cetuximab.

 

Tabulated list of adverse reactions

 

Adverse reactions are listed below by MedDRA body system organ class and the following frequency convention: very common (≥ 1/10), common (≥ 1/100 to < 1/10), uncommon (≥ 1/1,000 to < 1/100), rare (³ 1/10,000 to < 1/1,000), very rare (< 1/10,000), not known (cannot be estimated from the available data).

Within each frequency grouping, adverse reactions are presented in order of decreasing seriousness.

 

Table 6:           Adverse reactions

Frequency

Encorafenib single agent 300 mg (n = 217)

Encorafenib 450 mg in combination with binimetinib (n = 274)

Encorafenib 300 mg in combination with cetuximab (n = 216)

Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified

Very common

Skin papilloma*

Melanocytic nevus

 

Melanocytic naevus        

Common

cuSCC a

New Primary Melanoma*

cuSCCa

Basal cell carcinoma*

Skin papilloma*

cuSCCa

  Skin papilloma*

  New Primary Melanoma*

Uncommon

Basal cell carcinoma

 

Basal cell carcinoma

 

Blood and lymphatic system disorders

Very common

 

Anaemia

 

Immune system disorders

 

Common

Hypersensitivityb

Hypersensitivityb

Hypersensitivityb

Metabolism and nutrition disorders

Very common

Decreased appetite

 

Decreased appetite

Psychiatric disorders

Very common

Insomnia

 

Insomnia

Nervous system disorders

Very common

Headache*

Neuropathy peripheral*

Dysgeusia*

Neuropathy peripheral*

Dizziness*

Headache*

 

Neuropathy peripheral*

Headache*

Common

Facial paresisc

Dysgeusia*

Dizziness*

Dysgeusia

Uncommon

 

Facial paresisc

 

Eye disorders

Very common

 

Visual impairment*

RPED *

 

Common

 

Uveitis *

 

Uncommon

Uveitis*

 

 

Cardiac disorders

Common

Supraventricular tachycardiad

LVDh

Supraventricular tachycardiad

Vascular disorders

 

Very common

 

Haemorrhagei

Hypertension *

Haemorrhagei

Common

 

VTEj

 

Gastrointestinal disorders

Very common

Nausea

Vomiting*

Constipation

Nausea

Vomiting*

Constipation

Abdominal pain*

Diarrhoea*

Nausea

Vomiting

Constipation

Abdominal pain*

Diarrhoea*

 

Common

 

Colitis k

 

Uncommon

Pancreatitis*

Pancreatitis*  

Pancreatitis*

Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders

Very common

PPES

Hyperkeratosis*

Rash*

Dry skin*

Pruritus*

Alopecia*

Erythema e

Skin hyperpigmentation*

Hyperkeratosis*

Rash*

Dry skin*

Pruritus*

Alopecia*

Dermatitis acneiform*

Rash*

Dry skin*

Pruritus*

 

Common

Dermatitis acneiform*

Skin exfoliationf

Photosensitivity*

Dermatitis acneiform*

PPES

Erythema*

Panniculitis*

Photosensitivity*

Skin hyperpigmentation

PPES

Hyperkeratosis*

Alopecia

Erythemae

 

Uncommon

 

 

Skin exfoliationf

Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders

Very common

Arthralgia*

Myalgiag

Pain in extremity

Back pain

Arthralgia*

Muscular disorders/Myalgial

Pain in extremity

Back pain

Arthralgia/Musculoskeletal pain*

Myopathy/Muscular disorder*

Pain in extremity

Back pain

Common

Arthritis *

 

 

Uncommon

 

Rhabdomyolysis

 

Renal and urinary disorders

Common

Renal failure *

Renal failure*

Renal failure*

General disorders and administration site conditions

Very common

Fatigue *

Pyrexia*

Fatigue*

Pyrexia*

Peripheral oedemam

Fatigue*

Pyrexia*

 

Investigations

 

Very common

Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) increased*

Blood creatine phosphokinase increased

Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) increased*

Transaminase increased*

 

Common

Transaminase increased*

Blood creatinine increased*

Lipase increased

Blood alkaline phosphatase increased

Blood creatinine increased*

Amylase increased

Lipase increased

Blood creatinine increased*

Transaminase increased*

Uncommon

Amylase increased

 

Amylase increased

Lipase increased

*composite terms which included more than one preferred term

a includes, but not limited to, keratoacanthoma and squamous cell carcinoma

b includes, but not limited to, angioedema, drug hypersensitivity, hypersensitivity, hypersensitivity vasculitis, urticaria and anaphylactic reaction

c includes facial nerve disorder, facial paralysis, facial paresis

d includes but not limited to extrasystoles and sinus tachycardia

e includes erythema, generalised erythema, plantar erythema

f includes dermatitis exfoliative, skin exfoliation, exfoliative rash

g includes myalgia, muscle fatigue, muscle injury, muscle spasm, muscle weakness

h includes left ventricular dysfunction, ejection fraction decreased, cardiac failure and ejection fraction abnormal

i includes haemorrhage at various sites including cerebral haemorrhage

j includes, but not limited to, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, embolism, thrombophlebitis, thrombophlebitis superficial and thrombosis

k includes colitis, colitis ulcerative, enterocolitis and proctitis

l includes myalgia, muscular weakness, muscle spasm, muscle injury, myopathy, myositis

m includes, but not limited to, fluid retention, peripheral oedema and localised oedema

 

When encorafenib was used at a dose of 300 mg once daily in combination with binimetinib 45 mg twice daily (Combo 300) in study CMEK162B2301-Part 2, the frequency category was lower compared to the pooled Combo 450 population for the following adverse reactions: anemia, peripheral neuropathy, haemorrhage, hypertension, pruritus (common); and colitis, increased amylase and increased lipase (uncommon).

 

BRAF V600E Mutation-Positive Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

 

The safety of BRAFTOVI in combination with binimetinib was evaluated in 98 patients with BRAF V600E mutation-positive metastatic NSCLC who received BRAFTOVI (450 mg once daily) in combination with binimetinib (45 mg twice daily) in an open-label, single-arm trial (PHAROS).

The PHAROS trial (see section 5.1) excluded patients with abnormal left ventricular ejection fraction, prolonged QTc (>480 ms), uncontrolled hypertension, and history or current evidence of retinal vein occlusion. The median duration of treatment for BRAFTOVI and binimetinib was 9.2 and 8.4 months, respectively.

The most common (≥25%) adverse reactions in patients receiving BRAFTOVI were fatigue, nausea, diarrhea, musculoskeletal pain, vomiting, abdominal pain, visual impairment, constipation, dyspnea, rash, and cough.

Adverse reactions leading to dose interruptions of BRAFTOVI occurred in 59% of patients receiving BRAFTOVI; the most common (≥5%) were diarrhea (17%); nausea (13%); musculoskeletal pain, fatigue (8% each); AST increased (7%); ALT increased, anemia, hemorrhage, vomiting (6% each); and acute kidney injury (5%). Adverse reactions leading to dose reductions of BRAFTOVI occurred in 30% of patients receiving BRAFTOVI; the most common (≥5%) were diarrhea, nausea (8% each); AST increased and fatigue (5% each). A total of 16% of patients receiving BRAFTOVI experienced an adverse reaction that resulted in permanent discontinuation of BRAFTOVI; the most common (≥2%) were diarrhea, musculoskeletal pain (3.1% each); fatigue, rash, nausea, visual impairment, and vomiting (2% each). None of the other adverse reactions leading to permanent discontinuation of BRAFTOVI occurred in more than 1 patient.

Serious adverse reactions occurred in 38% of patients who received BRAFTOVI in combination with binimetinib. Serious adverse reactions occurring in ≥2% of patients were hemorrhage (6%); diarrhea (4.1%); anemia, dyspnea, pneumonia (3.1% each); arrhythmia, device related infection, edema, myocardial infarction, and pleural effusion (2% each). Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 2% of patients who received BRAFTOVI (450 mg once daily) in combination with binimetinib, including intracranial hemorrhage and myocardial infarction (1% each).

Table 7 and Table 8 present adverse drug reactions and laboratory abnormalities, respectively, identified in PHAROS.

 

Table 7:     Adverse Reactions Occurring in ≥10% of Patients Receiving BRAFTOVI in Combination with Binimetinib in PHAROSa

Adverse Reaction

BRAFTOVI

with binimetinib
N=98

All

Grades

(%)

Grades 3 and 4b

(%)

General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions

Fatiguec

61

8

Edemad

23

1

Pyrexia

22

0

Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nausea

58

3.1

Diarrheae

52

7

Vomiting

37

1

Abdominal painf

32

1

Constipation

27

0

Eye Disorders

Visual impairmentg

29

2

Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders

Musculoskeletal painh

48

4.1

Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders

Rashi

27

3.1

Pruritisj

16

0

Dry skin

13

0

Alopecia

12

0

Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders

Dyspneak

27

8

Coughl

26

0

Nervous System Disorders

 

 

Dizzinessm

17

1

Headache

11

0

Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders

Decreased appetite

14

1

Vascular Disorders

 

 

Hemorrhageb,n

12

4.1

Hypertension

10

5

Cardiac Disorders

 

 

Left ventricular dysfunction/cardiomyopathyo

11

1

Investigations

Weight increased

11

1

Psychiatric Disorders

Insomnia

10

0

a.        Grades per National Cancer Institute CTCAE v4.03.

b.       One Grade 5 adverse reaction of hemorrhage occurred.

c.        Fatigue includes fatigue, asthenia.

d.       Edema includes edema peripheral, generalized edema, swelling, localized edema, face edema.

e.        Diarrhea includes diarrhea, colitis.

f.        Abdominal pain includes abdominal pain, abdominal pain upper, abdominal discomfort, epigastric discomfort.

g.       Visual impairment includes vision blurred, visual impairment, vitreous floaters, photophobia, visual acuity reduced, photopsia.

h.       Musculoskeletal pain includes back pain, arthralgia, pain in extremity, myalgia, musculoskeletal chest pain, non-cardiac chest pain, neck pain.

i.         Rash includes rash, rash macular, rash maculo-papular, rash papular, rash pustular, dermatitis acneiform, palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome, eczema, skin exfoliation.

j.         Pruritis includes pruritus, pruritus genital.

k.       Dyspnea includes dyspnea, dyspnea exertional.

l.         Cough includes cough, productive cough.

m.     Dizziness includes dizziness, balance disorder.

n.       Hemorrhage includes anal hemorrhage, hemothorax, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, hematochezia, hematuria, hemoptysis, hemorrhage intracranial, hyphema, small intestinal hemorrhage, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, vaginal hemorrhage.

o.       Left ventricular dysfunction/cardiomyopathy includes ejection fraction decreased, cardiac failure, cardiac failure congestive.

 

Other clinically important adverse reactions occurring in <10% of patients who received BRAFTOVI in combination with binimetinib were:

Nervous system disorders: Peripheral neuropathy, Dysgeusia, Facial paresis

Gastrointestinal disorders: Pancreatitis

Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Hyperkeratosis, Erythema

Immune system disorders: Drug hypersensitivity

 

Table 8:     Laboratory Abnormalities Occurring in ≥10% (All Grades) of Patients Receiving BRAFTOVI with Binimetiniba

 

Laboratory Abnormalityb

BRAFTOVI with binimetinib

All

Grades

(%)

Grades

3 and 4

(%)

Hematology

Anemia

47

11

    Lymphopenia

24

6

    Thrombocytopenia

20

1.1

Leukopenia

12

0

Neutropenia

12

1.1

Chemistry

    Increased creatinine

91

3.2

    Hyperglycemia

48

6

    Increased creatine kinase

41

3.3

    Lipase increased

40

14

    Increased ALT

34

9

    Hypoalbuminemia

32

0

    Increased AST

31

10

    Increased alkaline phosphatase

31

3.2

    Hyperkalemia

31

2.1

    Hyponatremia

26

11

    Serum amylase increased

22

1.1

    Hypocalcemia

12

2.1

a. Grades per National Cancer Institute CTCAE v4.03.

b. Based on the number of patients with available baseline and at least one on-treatment laboratory test.

 

Description of selected adverse reactions

 

Cutaneous malignancies

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

Melanoma

In the pooled Combo 450 population, cuSCC including keratoacanthomas was observed in 3.3% (9/274) of patients. The median time to onset of the first event of cuSCC (all grades) was 6.5 months (range 1.0 to 22.8 months).

 

In the pooled encorafenib 300 population, cuSCC was reported in 7.4% (16/217) patients. For patients in the Phase III study (CMEK162B2301) who developed cuSCC, the median time to onset of the first event of cuSCC (all grades) was 2.3 months (range 0.3 to 12.0 months).

 

Colorectal cancer

In patients treated with encorafenib 300 mg in combination with cetuximab, cuSCC including keratoacanthoma was observed in 1.4% (3/216) of patients. The times to first event of cuSCC (all grades) were 0.5, 0.6 and 3.6 months for these 3 patients.

 

New primary melanoma

Melanoma

In the pooled encorafenib 300 population, new primary melanoma events occurred in 4.1% of patients (9 /217) and was reported as Grade 1 in 1.4% (3/217) of patients, Grade 2 in 2.1% (4/217) of patients, Grade 3 in 0.5% (1/217) of patients and Grade 4 in 0.5% (1/217) of patients.

 

Colorectal cancer

In patients treated with encorafenib 300 mg in combination with cetuximab, new primary melanoma events occurred in 1.9% of patients (4/216) and were reported as Grade 2 in 0.9% (2/216) of patients and Grade 3 in 0.9% (2/216) of patients.

 

Ocular events

Melanoma

In the pooled Combo 450 population, uveitis was reported in 4.4% (12/274) of patients, and was Grade 1 in 0.4% (1/274), Grade 2 in 3.6% (10/274) and Grade 3 in 0.4% (1/274). Visual impairment, including blurred vision and reduced visual acuity, occurred in 21.5% (59/274) of patients. Uveitis and visual impairment were generally reversible.

RPED occurred in 29.6% (81/274) of patients, most of them had Grade 1-2 and 1.8% (5/274) had Grade 3 events.

 

In Study CMEK162B2301-Part 2, in the Combo 300 arm, RPED was observed in 12.5% (32/257) of patients with 0.4% (1/257) Grade 4 event.

 

Left ventricular dysfunction

LVD was reported when encorafenib is used in combination with binimetinib in melanoma patients (see section 4.8 of binimetinib SmPC).
 

Haemorrhage

Melanoma

Haemorrhagic events were observed in 17.9% (49/274) of patients in the pooled Combo 450 population. Most events were Grade 1 or 2 (14.6%) and 3.3% were Grade 3-4 events. Few patients required dose interruptions or dose reductions (0.7% or 2/274). Haemorrhagic events led to discontinuation of treatment in 1.1% (3/274) of patients. The most frequent haemorrhagic events were haematuria in 3.3% (9/274) of patients, rectal haemorrhage in 2.9% (8/274) and haematochezia in 2.9% (8/274) of patients. Fatal gastric ulcer haemorrhage, with multiple organ failure as a concurrent cause of death, occurred in one patient.

Cerebral haemorrhage was reported in 1.5% (4/274) of patients, with fatal outcome in 3 patients. All events occurred in the setting of new or progressive brain metastases.

 

In Study CMEK162B2301-Part 2, in the Combo 300 arm, haemorrhagic events were observed in 6.6% (17/257) of patients and were Grade 3-4 in 1.6% (4/257) of patients.

 

Colorectal cancer

Haemorrhagic events were observed in 21.3% (46/216) of patients treated with encorafenib 300 mg in combination with cetuximab; 1.4% (3/216) of patients were Grade 3 events and one fatal case was reported. Dose interruptions or dose reductions were required in 1.9% (4/216) of patients. Haemorrhagic events led to treatment discontinuation in 1 patient (0.5%).

The most frequent haemorrhagic events were epistaxis in 6.9% (15/216) of patients, haematochezia in 2.8% (6/216), rectal haemorrhage in 2.8% (6/216) of patients and haematuria in 2.8% (6/216) of patients.

 

Hypertension

Hypertension was reported when encorafenib was used in combination with binimetinib in melanoma patients (see section 4.8 of binimetinib SmPC).

 

Venous thromboembolism

VTE was reported when encorafenib is used in combination with binimetinib in melanoma patients (see section 4.8 of binimetinib SmPC).

 

Pancreatitis

Melanoma

In the pooled Combo 450 population, pancreatic enzyme elevation, mostly asymptomatic, was reported. Amylase and lipase elevations were reported in 3.3% (9/274) and 5.1% (14/274) of patients, respectively. Pancreatitis was reported in 0.7% (2/274) of patients. Both patients experienced Grade 3 events. Pancreatitis led to dose interruption in (0.4 %) 1/274 of patients.

 

Colorectal cancer

In the population treated with encorafenib 300 mg in combination with cetuximab, pancreatitis grade 3 with lipase and amylase increased events were reported in 1 patient (0.5%) and led to dose interruption.

 

Dermatologic reactions

Rash

Melanoma

In the pooled Combo 450 population, rash occurred in 19.7% (54/274) of patients. Most events were mild, with Grade 3 or 4 events reported in 0.7% (2/274) of patients. Rash led to discontinuation in 0.4% (1/274) patients and to dose interruption or dose modification in 1.1% (3/274) of patients.

 

In the pooled encorafenib 300 population, rash was reported in 43.3% (94/217) of patients. Most events were mild, with Grade 3 or 4 events reported in 4.6% (10/217) of patients. Rash led to discontinuation in 0.5% (1/217) of patients and to dose interruption or dose modification in 7.4% (16/217) of patients.

 

Colorectal cancer

In patients treated with encorafenib 300 mg in combination with cetuximab, rash occurred in 30.6% (66/216) of patients. Most events were mild, with Grade 3 event reported in 0.5% (1/216) of patients. Rash led to dose interruption in 0.5% (1/216) of patients.

 

Palmar-plantar erythrodysaesthesia syndrome (PPES)

Melanoma

PPES was reported in 6.2% (17/274) of patients in the pooled Combo 450 population. All the PPES adverse reactions were either Grade 1 (3.3%) or Grade 2 (2.9%). Dose interruption or dose modification occurred in 1.1% (3/274) of patients.

 

In the Combo 300 arm in Part 2 of the pivotal study, PPES was observed in 3.9% (10/257) of patients with Grade 3 reported in 0.4% (1/257) of patients.

 

In the pooled encorafenib 300 population, PPES was reported in 51.6% (112/217) of patients. Most events were mild-moderate: Grade 1 in 12.4% (27/217) of patients, Grade 2 in 26.7% (58/217) and Grade 3 in 12.4% (27/217) of patients. PPES led to discontinuation in 4.1% (9/217) of patients and to dose interruption or dose modification in 23.0% (50/217) of patients.

 

Colorectal cancer

In the population treated with encorafenib 300 mg in combination with cetuximab, PPES was reported in 5.1% (11/216) of patients. Most of PPES adverse reactions were either Grade 1 in 3.7 % (8/216). Grade 2 events were reported in 0.9% (2/216) of patients, and Grade 3 in 0.5% (1/216) of patients. No dose interruption, dose modification or treatment discontinuation was required.

 

Dermatitis acneiform

Melanoma

Dermatitis acneiform was reported when encorafenib is used in combination with binimetinib (see section 4.8 of binimetinib SmPC).

 

Colorectal cancer

In patients treated with encorafenib 300 mg in combination with cetuximab, dermatitis acneiform occurred in 33.3% (72/216) of patients and was mostly Grade 1 (25.5% (55 /216) of patients), or 2 (6.9% (15 /216) of patients). Dose reduction or interruption was reported in 2.3 % (5/216) of patients. No treatment discontinuation was reported. Dermatitis acneiform was generally reversible.

 

Photosensitivity

Melanoma

In the pooled Combo 450 population, photosensitivity was observed in 4.0% (11/274) of patients. Most events were Grade 1-2, with Grade 3 reported in 0.4% (1/274) of patients and no event led to discontinuation. Dose interruption or dose modification was reported in 0.4% (1/274) of patients.

 

In the pooled encorafenib 300 population, photosensitivity was reported in 4.1% (9/217) of patients. All events were Grade 1-2. No event required discontinuation, dose modification or interruption.

 

Facial paresis

Melanoma

In the pooled Combo 450 population, facial paresis occurred in 0.7% (2/274) of patients including Grade 3 in 0.4% (1/274) of patients. The events were reversible, and no event led to treatment discontinuation. Dose interruption or modification was reported in 0.4% (1/274) of patients.

 

In the pooled encorafenib 300 population, facial paresis was observed in 7.4% (16/217) of patients. Most events were mild-moderate: Grade 1 in 2.3% (5/217); Grade 2 in 3.7% (8/217) and Grade 3 in 1.4% (3/217) of patients. The median time to onset of the first event of facial paresis was 0.3 months (range 0.1 to 12.1 months). Facial paresis was generally reversible and led to treatment discontinuation in 0.9% (2/217). Dose interruption or modification was reported in 3.7% (8/217) and symptomatic treatment including corticosteroids was reported in 5.1% (11/217) of patients.

 

CK elevation and rhabdomyolysis

CK elevation and rhabdomyolysis occurred when encorafenib is used in combination with binimetinib in melanoma patients (see section 4.8 of binimetinib SmPC).

 

Renal dysfunction

Melanoma

In the pooled Combo 450 population, mild, mostly Grade 1, asymptomatic blood creatinine elevation was noted in 6.2% (17/274) of patients treated with the Combo 450 mg. The incidence of Grade 3 or 4 elevation was 0.7% (2/274). Renal failure events, including acute kidney injury and renal impairment, were reported in 3.3% (9/274) patients treated with encorafenib and binimetinib with Grade 3 or 4 events in 2.2% (6/274) of patients. Renal failure was generally reversible with dose interruption, rehydration and other general supportive measures.

 

Colorectal cancer

Blood creatinine elevation was reported in 2.8% (6/216) of patients treated with encorafenib 300 mg in combination with cetuximab. All were mild except one event of Grade 4. Renal failure events were Grade 3 or 4 and reported as acute kidney injury in 1.9 % (4/216) of patients and renal failure in 0.5% (1/216) of patients.

 

Liver laboratory abnormality

Melanoma

The incidences of liver laboratory abnormalities reported in the pooled Combo 450 population are listed below:

·         Increased transaminases: 15.7% (43/274) overall – Grade 3-4: 5.5% (15/274)

·         Increased GGT: 14.6% (40/274) overall – Grade 3-4: 8.4% (23/274)

 

In Study CMEK162B2301-Part 2, in the Combo 300 arm, the incidence of liver laboratory abnormalities was:

·         Increased transaminases: 13.2% (34/257) overall – Grade 3-4: 5.4% (14/257)

·         Increased GGT: 14.0% (36/257) overall – Grade 3-4: 4.7% (12/257)

 

Colorectal cancer

The incidence of increased transaminases in patients treated with encorafenib 300 mg in combination with cetuximab was 8.8% (19/216) of patients, with Grade 3 in 1.4% (3/216) of patients.

 

Gastrointestinal disorders 

Melanoma

In the pooled Combo 450 population, diarrhoea was observed in 38% (104/274) of patients and was Grade 3-4 in 3.3% (9/274) patients. Diarrhoea led to treatment discontinuation in 0.4% of patients and to dose interruption or dose modification in 4.4% of patients.  

Constipation occurred in 24.1% (66/274) of patients and was Grade 1 or 2. Abdominal pain was reported in 27.4% (75/274) of patients and was Grade 3 in 2.6% (7/274) patients. Nausea occurred in 41.6% (114/274) with Grade 3 or 4 observed in 2.6% (7/274) of patients. Vomiting occurred in 28.1% (77/274) of patients with Grade 3 or 4 reported in 2.2% (6/274) of patients.

 

In Study CMEK162B2301-Part 2, in the Combo 300 arm, nausea was observed in 27.2% (70/257) of patients and was Grade 3 in 1.6% (4/257) of patients. Vomiting occurred in 15.2% (39/257) of patients with Grade 3 reported in 0.4% (1/257) of patients. Diarrhoea occurred in 28.4% (73/257) of patients with Grade 3 reported in 1.6% (4/257) of patients.

 

Colorectal cancer

In patients treated with encorafenib 300 mg in combination with cetuximab, diarrhoea was observed in 38.4% (83/216) of patients and was Grade 3 in 2.8% (6/216) of patients. Diarrhoea led to treatment discontinuation in 0.5% (1/216) of patients and to dose interruption or dose modification in 3.7% (8/216) of patients. 

 

Abdominal pain was reported in 36.6% (79/216) of patients and was Grade 3 in 5.1% (11/216) of patients. Nausea occurred in 38.0% (82/216) of patients with Grade 3 observed in 0.5% (1/216) of patients. Vomiting occurred in 27.3% (59/216) of patients with Grade 3 reported in 1.4 % (3/216) of patients. Constipation occurred in 18.1% (39/216) of patients and was Grade 1 or 2.

 

Gastrointestinal disorders were typically managed with standard therapy.

 

Anaemia

Melanoma

In the pooled Combo 450 population, anaemia was reported in 19.7% (54/274) of patients; 4.7% (13/274) patients had a Grade 3 or 4. No patients discontinued treatment due to anaemia, 1.5% (4/274) required dose interruption or dose modification.

 

In Study CMEK162B2301-Part 2, in the Combo 300 arm, anaemia was observed in 9.7% (25/257) of patients with Grade 3-4 reported in 2.7% (7/257) patients.

 

Headache

Melanoma

In the pooled Combo 450 population, headache occurred in 21.5% (59/274) of patients, including Grade 3 in 1.5% (4/274) of patients.

 

In Study CMEK162B2301-Part 2, in the Combo 300 arm, headache was reported in 12.1% (31/257) of patients and was Grade 3 in 0.4% (1/257) of patients.

 

Colorectal cancer

In patients treated with encorafenib 300 mg in combination with cetuximab, headache occurred in 20.4% (44/216) of patients and was Grade 1 or 2.

 

Fatigue

Melanoma

In the pooled Combo 450 population, fatigue occurred in 43.8% (120/274) of patients including Grade 3 in 2.9% (8/274) of patients.

 

In Study CMEK162B2301-Part 2, in the Combo 300 arm, fatigue was observed in 33.5% (86/257) of patients with 1.6% (4/257) Grade 3-4 events.

 

Colorectal cancer

In patients treated with encorafenib 300 mg in combination with cetuximab, fatigue was reported in 56.9% (123/216) of patients including Grade 3 in 7.9% (17/216) of patients.

 

Special populations

 

Elderly

Melanoma

In patients treated with Combo 450 (n = 274), 194 patients (70.8%) were <65 years old, 65 patients (23.7%) were 65 -74 years old and 15 patients (5.5%) were aged > 75. No overall differences in safety or efficacy were observed between elderly patients (≥ 65) and younger patients. The proportions of patients experiencing adverse events (AE) and serious adverse events (SAE) were similar in patients aged <65 years and those aged ≥65 years. The most common AEs reported with a higher incidence in patients aged ≥ 65 years compared to patients aged < 65 years included diarrhoea, pruritus, GGT and blood phosphatase alkaline elevation.

 

Colorectal cancer

In patients treated with encorafenib 300 mg in combination with cetuximab (n=216), 134 patients (62 %) were < 65 years old, 62 patients (28.7%) were 65-74 years old and 20 patients (9.3%) were aged

≥ 75. The most common AEs reported with a higher incidence in patients aged ≥ 65 years compared to patients aged < 65 years included, anaemia, asthenia, decreased appetite and dyspnoea.

 

In both melanoma and colorectal cancer populations, due to a very small number of patients treated in the age subgroup of patients aged ≥ 75 years, differences in the incidence of AEs compared to patients aged < 75 years could not be assessed.

 

BRAF V600E mutation-positive metastatic NSCLC

Of the 98 patients with BRAF V600E mutation-positive metastatic NSCLC who received BRAFTOVI with binimetinib, 62 (63%) were 65 years of age and over and 20 (20%) were 75 years and over (see section 5.1).

 

Reporting of suspected adverse reactions

 

Reporting suspected adverse reactions after marketing authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions to National Pharmacovigilance Center (NPC).

 

To Report side effects

·         Saudi Arabia:

 

National Pharmacovigilance Center (NPC)

Call center: 19999

E-mail: npc.drug@sfda.gov.sa

Website: https://ade.sfda.gov.sa/  

 

·         Other GCC States

 

-    Please contact the relevant competent authority.


Symptoms

 

At doses of encorafenib between 600 to 800 mg once daily, renal dysfunction (Grade 3 hypercreatinaemia) was observed in 3 out of 14 patients. The highest administered dose occurred as a dosing error in one patient who took encorafenib at a dose of 600 mg twice daily for 1 day (total dose 1200 mg). Adverse reactions reported by this patient were Grade 1 events of nausea, vomiting and blurred vision; all subsequently resolved.

 

Management

 

There is no specific treatment for overdose.

Since encorafenib is moderately bound to plasma proteins, haemodialysis is likely to be ineffective in the treatment of overdose with encorafenib. There is no known antidote for encorafenib. In the event of an overdose, encorafenib treatment should be interrupted and renal function must be monitored as well as adverse reactions. Symptomatic treatment and supportive care should be provided as needed.

 


Pharmacotherapeutic group: antineoplastic agents, protein kinase inhibitors, ATC code: L01EC03

 

Mechanism of action

 

Encorafenib is a potent and highly selective ATP-competitive small molecule RAF kinase inhibitor. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of encorafenib against BRAF V600E, BRAF and CRAF enzymes was determined to be 0.35, 0.47 and 0.30 nM, respectively. The encorafenib dissociation half-life was >30 hours and resulted in prolonged pERK inhibition. Encorafenib suppresses the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway in tumour cells expressing several mutated forms of BRAF kinase (V600E, D and K). Specifically, encorafenib inhibits in vitro and in vivo BRAF V600E, D and K mutant melanoma cell growth and BRAF V600E mutant colorectal cancer cell growth. Encorafenib does not inhibit RAF/MEK/ERK signalling in cells expressing wild-type BRAF.

 

Combination with binimetinib

Encorafenib and binimetinib (a MEK inhibitor, see section 5.1 of binimetinib SmPC) both inhibit the MAPK pathway, resulting in higher anti-tumour activity.

Additionally, the combination of encorafenib and binimetinib prevented the emergence of resistance in BRAF V600E mutant human melanoma xenografts in vivo.

In a BRAF V600E mutant NSCLC patient-derived xenograft model in mice, coadministration of encorafenib and binimetinib resulted in greater anti-tumor activity compared to binimetinib alone, with respect to tumor growth inhibition. Increased tumor growth delay after dosing cessation was also observed with the coadmnistration compared to either drug alone.

 

Combination with cetuximab

One of the main mechanisms of resistance of BRAF-mutant CRC to RAF inhibitors has been identified as the re-activation of EGFR with bypassing signal transduction via BRAF. Combinations of a BRAF inhibitor, e.g.encorafenib and agents targeting EGFR, e.g. cetuximab have shown to improve anti-tumour efficacy in non-clinical models. 

 

Clinical efficacy and safety

 

BRAF V600 Mutant Unresectable or Metastatic Melanoma

The safety and efficacy of encorafenib in combination with binimetinib were evaluated in a 2-part Phase III, randomised (1:1:1) active-controlled, open-label, multicentre study in patients with unresectable or metastatic BRAF V600 E or K mutant melanoma (Study CMEK162B2301), as detected using a BRAF assay. Patients had histologically confirmed cutaneous or unknown primary melanoma but those with uveal or mucosal melanoma were excluded. Patients were permitted to receive prior adjuvant therapy and one prior line of immunotherapy for unresectable locally advanced or metastatic disease. Prior treatment with BRAF/ MEK inhibitors was not allowed.

 

Study CMEK162B2301, Part 1

In Part 1, patients in the study were randomised to receive encorafenib 450 mg orally daily and binimetinib 45 mg orally twice daily (Combo 450, n = 192), encorafenib 300 mg orally daily (Enco 300, n = 194), or vemurafenib 960 mg orally twice daily (hereafter referred to as Vem, n = 191). Treatment continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Randomisation was stratified by American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Stage (IIIB, IIIC, IVM1a or IVM1b, vs IVM1c) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (0 vs 1) and prior immunotherapy for unresectable or metastatic disease (yes vs no).

 

The primary efficacy outcome measure was progression-free survival (PFS) of Combo 450 compared with vemurafenib as assessed by a blinded independent review committee (BIRC). PFS as assessed by investigators (investigator assessment) was a supportive analysis. An additional secondary endpoint included PFS of Combo 450 compared with Enco 300. Other secondary efficacy comparisons between Combo 450 and either vemurafenib or Enco 300 included overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), duration of response (DoR) and disease control rate (DCR) as assessed by BIRC and by investigator assessment.

 

The median age of patients was 56 years (range 20­-89), 58% were male, 90% were Caucasian, and 72% of patients had baseline ECOG performance status of 0. Most patients had metastatic disease (95%) and were Stage IVM1c (64%); 27% of patients had elevated baseline serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and 45% of patients had at least 3 organs with tumour involvement at baseline and 3.5% had brain metastases. 27 patients (5%) had received prior checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD1/PDL1 or ipilimumab) (8 patients in Combo 450 arm (4%); 7 patients in vemurafenib arm (4%); 12 patients in Enco 300 arm (6%) including 22 patients in the metastatic setting (6 patients in Combo 450 arm; 5 patients in vemurafenib arm; 11 patients in Enco 300 arm) and 5 patients in the adjuvant setting (2 patients in Combo 450 arm; 2 patients in vemurafenib arm; 1 patient in Enco 300 arm).

 

The median duration of exposure was 11.7 months in patients treated with Combo 450, 7.1 months in patients treated with Enco 300 and 6.2 months in patients treated with vemurafenib. The median relative dose intensity (RDI) for Combo 450 was 100% for encorafenib and 99.6% for binimetinib; the median RDI was 86.2% for Enco 300 and 94.5% for vemurafenib.

 

Part 1 of Study CMEK162B2301 demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in PFS in the patients treated with Combo 450 compared with patients treated with vemurafenib. Table 9 and Figure 1 summarise the PFS and other efficacy results based on central review of the data by a blinded independent radiology committee.

 

The efficacy results based on investigator assessment were consistent with the independent central assessment. Unstratified subgroup analyses demonstrated point estimates in favour of Combo 450, including LDH at baseline, ECOG performance status and AJCC stage.

 

Table 9:      Study CMEK162B2301, Part 1: Progression-free survival and confirmed overall response results (independent central review)

 

Encorafenib + binimetinib

N=192

(Combo 450)

Encorafenib

N=194

(Enco300)

Vemurafenib

N=191
(Vem)

Cut-off date: 19 May 2016

PFS (primary analysis)

Number of events (progressive disease (PD)) (%)

98 (51.0)

96 (49.5)

106 (55.5)

Median, months

(95% CI)

14.9

(11.0, 18.5)

9.6

(7.5,14.8)

7.3

(5.6, 8.2)

HRa (95% CI) (vs Vem)

p‑value (stratified log‑rank)b

0.54 (0.41, 0.71)

<0.001

 

 

HRa (95% CI) (vs Vem)

Nominal p-value

 

0.68 (0.52, 0.90)

0.007

 

HRa (95% CI) (vs Enco 300)

p‑value (stratified log‑rank)b

0.75 (0.56,1.00)

0.051

 

 

Confirmed overall responses

Overall response rate, n (%)

121 (63.0)

98 (50.5)

77 (40.3)

(95% CI)

(55.8, 69.9)

(43.3, 57.8)

(33.3, 47.6)

CR, n (%)

15 (7.8)

10 (5.2)

11 (5.8)

PR, n (%)

106 (55.2)

88 (45.4)

66 (34.6)

SD, n (%)

46 (24.0)

53 (27.3)

73 (38.2)

DCR, n (%)

177 (92.2)

163 (84.0)

156 (81.7)

(95% CI)

(87.4, 95.6)

(78.1, 88.9)

(75.4, 86.9)

Duration of response

Median, months

(95% CI)

16.6

(12.2, 20.4)

14.9

(11.1, NE)

12.3

(6.9, 16.9)

Updated analysis, cut-off date: 07 November 2017

PFS

Number of events (progressive disease) (%)

113 (58.9)

112 (57.7)

118 (61.8)

Median, months

(95% CI)

14.9

(11.0, 20.2)

9.6

(7.4,14.8)

7.3

(5.6, 7.9)

HRa (95% CI) (vs Vem)

Nominal p-value

0.51 (0.39, 0.67)

<0.001

 

 

HRa (95% CI) (vs Vem)

Nominal p-value

 

0.68 (0.52, 0.88)

0.0038

 

HRa (95% CI) (vs Enco 300)

Nominal p-value

0.77 (0.59,1.00)

0.0498

 

 

CI=Confidence interval; CR=Complete Response; DCR=Disease Control Rate (CR+PR+SD+Non‑CR/Non‑PD; Non‑CR/Non‑PD applies only to patients without a target lesion who did not achieve CR or have PD); HR=hazard ratio; NE=Not estimable; PFS=progression-free survival; PR=Partial response; SD=stable disease. Vem=vemurafenib.

a Hazard ratio based on a stratified Cox proportional hazard model

b Log‑rank p‑value (2‑sided)

 

Figure 1      Study CMEK162B2301, Part 1: Kaplan-Meier plot of progression-free survival by independent central review (cut-off date: 19 May 2016)

 

 

An interim OS analysis of Study CMEK162B2301 Part 1, (cut‑off date 07 November 2017) demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in OS for Combo 450 compared with vemurafenib (see Table 10 and Figure 2).

A similar proportion of patients in each treatment arm received subsequent treatment with checkpoint inhibitors, mainly pembrolizumab, nivolumab and ipilimumab (34.4% Combo 450 arm, 36.1% encorafenib arm, 39.8% vemurafenib arm).

 

Table 10:         Study CMEK162B2301, Part 1: Overall survival interim results (cut-off date: 7 November 2017)

 

Encorafenib + binimetinib N=192

(Combo 450)

Encorafenib

N=194

(Enco 300)

Vemurafenib

N=191
(Vem)

OS

Number of events (%)

105 (54.7)

106 (54.6)

127 (66.5)

Median, months

(95% CI)

33.6

(24.4, 39.2)

23.5

(19.6, 33.6)

16.9

(14.0, 24.5)

Survival at 12 months

(95% CI)

75.5%

(68.8, 81.0)

74.6%

(67.6, 80.3) 

63.1%

(55.7, 69.6)

Survival at 24 months

(95% CI)

57.6%

(50.3, 64.3)

49.1%

(41.5, 56.2)

43.2%

(35.9, 50.2)

HR (95% CI) (vs Vem)

p‑value (stratified log‑rank)

0.61 (0.47, 0.79)

<0.0001

 

 

HR (95% CI) (vs Enco 300)

p‑value (stratified log‑rank)

0.81 (0.61,1.06)

0.061

 

 

 

Figure 2           Study CMEK162B2301, Part 1: Kaplan-Meier plot of interim overall survival (cut-off date: 7 November 2017)

 

 

Quality of Life (QoL) (cut-off date: 19 May 2016)

The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Melanoma (FACT‑M), the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer’s core quality of life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ‑C30) and the EuroQoL‑5 Dimension‑5 Level examination (EQ‑5D‑5L) were used to explore patient-reported outcomes (PRO) measures of health-related Quality of Life, functioning, melanoma symptoms, and treatment-related adverse reactions. A definitive 10% deterioration in FACT‑M and in EORTC QLQ-C30 was significantly delayed in patients treated with Combo 450 relative to other treatments. The median time to definitive 10% deterioration in the FACT-M score was not reached in the Combo 450 arm and was 22.1 months (95% CI: 15.2, NE) in the vemurafenib arm with a HR for the difference of 0.46 (95% CI: 0.29, 0.72). An analysis of time to definitive 10% deterioration in EORTC QLQ‑C30 score provided with similar results.

Patients receiving Combo 450 reported no change or a slight improvement in the mean change from baseline EQ‑5D‑5L index score at all visits, whilst patients receiving vemurafenib or encorafenib reported decreases at all visits (with statistical significant differences). An evaluation of change over time in score yielded the same trend for EORTC QLQ‑C30 and at all visit for FACT‑M.

 

Study CMEK162B2301, Part 2:

Part 2 of Study CMEK162B2301 was designed to assess the contribution of binimetinib to the encorafenib and binimetinib combination.

The PFS for encorafenib 300 mg orally daily used in combination with binimetinib 45 mg orally twice daily (Combo 300, n = 258) was compared to the PFS for Enco 300 (n = 280, including 194 patients from Part 1 and 86 patients from Part 2). Enrolment in Part 2 started after all Part 1 patients were randomised.

 

Preliminary Part 2 data, at a cut-off date of 9 November 2016, demonstrated the contribution of binimetinib with an improved median PFS estimate of 12.9 months (95% CI: 10.1, 14.0) for Combo 300 compared to 9.2 months (95% CI: 7.4, 11.0) for Enco 300 (Parts 1 and 2) per independent central review (BIRC). Similar results were observed per Investigator assessment.

The confirmed ORR per BIRC was 65.9% (95% CI: 59.8, 71.7) for Combo 300 and 50.4% (95% CI: 44.3, 56.4) for Enco 300 (Parts 1 and 2). Median DOR for confirmed responses per BIRC was 12.7 months [95% CI: 9.3, 15.1] for Combo 300 and 12.9 months [95% CI: 8.9, 15.5] for Enco 300. The median duration of treatment was longer for Combo 300 vs Enco 300, 52.1 weeks vs 31.5 weeks.

 

Cardiac Electrophysiology

In the safety analysis of pooled studies, the incidence of new QTcF prolongation >500 ms was 0.7% (2/268) in the encorafenib 450 mg plus binimetinib group, and 2.5% (5/203) in the encorafenib single agent group. QTcF prolongation of >60 ms compared to pre-treatment values was observed in 4.9% (13/268) patients in the encorafenib plus binimetinib group, and in 3.4% (7/204) in the encorafenib single agent group (see Sections 4.2 and 4.4).

 

BRAF V600E Mutant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer - Study ARRAY-818-302

Encorafenib in combination with cetuximab was evaluated in a randomised, active-controlled, open-label, multicentre trial (ARRAY 818-302 BEACON CRC). Eligible patients were required to have BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer that had progressed after 1 or 2 prior regimens. Enrolled patients were eligible to receive cetuximab per locally approved label with regards to tumour RAS status. Prior use of RAF inhibitors, MEK inhibitors or EGFR inhibitors was prohibited. Randomisation was stratified by Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, prior use of irinotecan and cetuximab source.

 

A total of 665 patients were randomised (1:1:1) to receive encorafenib 300 mg orally daily in combination with cetuximab dosed as per its approved SmPC (n=220), or encorafenib 300 mg orally daily in combination with binimetinib 45 mg orally twice daily and cetuximab dosed as per its approved SmPC (n=224) or Control (irinotecan with cetuximab or irinotecan/5-fluorouracil/folinic acid (FOLFIRI) with cetuximab, n= 221). Treatment continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

 

The efficacy outcome measures were overall survival (OS) and overall response rate (ORR) as assessed by a blinded independent central review committee (BIRC), comparing encorafenib 300 mg in combination with cetuximab versus Control. Other efficacy measures are summarised in Table 11 below.

 

The median age of patients was 61 years (range 26-91), 47 % were male and 83% were white. 51% of patients had baseline ECOG performance status of 0, and 51% received prior irinotecan. 46.8% of patients had at least 3 organs with tumour involvement at baseline.

The median duration of exposure was 3.2 months in patients treated with encorafenib 300 mg in combination with cetuximab, and 1.4 months in patients treated with irinotecan/cetuximab or FOLFIRI/cetuximab (Control arm).  In patients treated with the combination of encorafenib 300 mg and cetuximab, the median relative dose intensity (RDI) was 98% for encorafenib and 93.5% for cetuximab. In the control arm, the median RDI was 85.4% for cetuximab, 75.7% for irinotecan and in the subset of patients who received Folinic acid and 5-FU, the median RDI was 75.2% and 75% respectively.

 

Encorafenib 300 mg in combination with cetuximab demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in OS, ORR and PFS compared to Control. Efficacy results are summarised in Table 11 and Figures 3 and 4.

 

The efficacy results based on investigator assessment were consistent with the independent central assessment.

 

Table 11:        Study ARRAY-818-302: Efficacy Results

 

Encorafenib with cetuximab

Irinotecan with cetuximab or FOLFIRI with cetuximab (Control)

Cut-off date: 11 February 2019 (Primary analysis)

OS

Number of patientsa

220

221

Number of events (%)

93 (42.3)

114 (51.6)

Median, months (95% CI)

8.4 (7.5-11.0)

5.4 (4.8, 6.6)

HR (95% CI)b,c  (vs Control)

p-valueb,c

0.60 (0.41-0.88)

 

0.0002

 

Median duration of follow-up, months

  (95% CI)

7.6
 

(6.4, 9.20)

7.2

 

(6.1, 8.1)

ORR (per BIRC)

Number of patientse

113

107

ORR n (%)

(95% CI)f

23 (20.4)

(13.4, 29.0)

2 (1.9)

(0.2, 6.6)

P-valueb,d,g

<0.0001

 

CR, n (%)

6 (5.3)

0

PR, n (%)

17 (15.0)

2 (1.9)

SD, n (%)

57 (50.4)

26 (24.3)

DCR, n (%)

(95% CI)f

84 (74.3)

(65.3, 82.1)

33 (30.8)

(22.3, 40.5)

PFS (per BIRC)

Number of patientsa

220

221

Number of events (%)

133 (60.5)

128 (57.9)

Median PFS, months (95% CI)

4.2 (3.7, 5.4)

1.5 (1.5, 1.7)

HR (95% CI)b,c

P-valueb,d

0.40 (0.30, 0.55

< 0.0001 

 

Updated analysis, cut-off date: 15 August 2019

OS

Number of patientsa

220

221

Number of events (%)

128 (58.2)

157 (71.0)

Median, months (95% CI)

9.3 (8.0, 11.3)

5.9 (5.1, 7.1)

HR (95% CI)b  (vs Control)

p-valueb,d,h

0.61 (0.48, 0.77)

 

< 0.0001

 

Median duration of follow-up, months

(95% CI)

12.3

 

(11.1, 14.1)

12.9

 

(10.9, 14.6)

ORR (per BIRC)

Number of patientsa

220

221

ORR n (%)

(95% CI)f

43 (19.5)

(14.5, 25.4)

4 (1.8)

(0.5, 4.6)

p-valueb,d,g,h

<0.0001

 

CR, n (%)

7 (3.2)

0

PR, n (%)

36 (16.4)

4 (1.8)

SD, n (%)

117 (53.2)

59 (26.7)

DCR, n (%)

(95% CI)f

167 (75.9)

(69.7, 81.4)

69 (31.2)

(25.2, 37.8)

PFS (per BIRC)

Number of patientsa

220

221

Number of events (%)

167 (75.9)

147 (66.5)

Median PFS, months (95% CI)

4.3

 (4.1, 5.5)

1.5

(1.5, 1.9)

HR (95% CI)b

P-valueb,d, h

0.44 (0.35, 0.55)

< 0.0001

 

CI = Confidence interval; CR = Complete response; HR = Hazard ratio; ORR = Overall response rate; OS = Overall survival; PR = Partial response; SD = Stable disease, DCR: Disease control rate (CR+PR+SD+Non-CR/Non-PD; Non-CR/Non-PD applies only to patients with a non-measurable disease who did not achieve CR or have PD)

a          Randomised Phase 3, Full Analysis Set

b          Stratified by ECOG PS, source of cetuximab, and prior irinotecan use at randomization

c          Repeated CI derived using Lan DeMets O’Brien-Fleming boundaries associated with the observed information fraction at the interim analysis

d          1-sided

e          Among the first 331 randomised patients

f           Clopper-Pearson’s method

g          Cochran Mantel-Haenszel test

h          Nominal p-value

 

Figure 3:         Study ARRAY-818-302: Kaplan-Meier plot of Overall Survival (cut-off date: 11 February 2019)

 

Figure 4:         Study ARRAY-818-302: Kaplan-Meier plot of Overall Survival (cut-off date: 15 August 2019)

 

 

Cardiac Electrophysiology

In the safety analysis of the Phase 3 (ARRAY-818-302) safety set in colorectal indication, the incidence of new QTcF prolongation >500 ms was 3.2% (7/216) and QTcF prolongation of >60 ms compared to pre-treatment values was observed in 8.8% (19/216) of patients of the encorafenib + cetuximab arm (see Sections 4.2 and 4.4).

 

BRAF V600E Mutation-Positive Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

BRAFTOVI in combination with binimetinib was evaluated in an open-label, multicenter, single‑arm study in patients with BRAF V600E mutation-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (PHAROS; NCT03915951). Eligible patients had a diagnosis of histologically-confirmed metastatic NSCLC with BRAF V600E mutation that was treatment-naïve or had been previously treated with 1 prior line of systemic therapy in the metastatic setting (platinum-based chemotherapy and/or anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapies), age 18 years or older, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) of 0 or 1, and measurable disease as defined by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1. Prior use of BRAF inhibitors or MEK inhibitors was not allowed.

Patients received BRAFTOVI 450 mg once daily and binimetinib 45 mg orally twice daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The major efficacy outcome measures were objective response rate (ORR) per RECIST v1.1 and duration of response (DoR) as assessed by independent review committee (IRC).

In the efficacy population, BRAF V600E mutation status was determined by prospective local testing using tumor tissue (78%) or blood (22%) specimens. Of the 98 patients with BRAF V600E mutation, 6 patients were enrolled into the trial based on testing of their tumor tissue specimens with the FoundationOne CDx tissue test. Of the remaining 92 patients enrolled based on local testing, 68 patients had their tumor tissue specimens retrospectively confirmed as having BRAF V600E positive status by the FoundationOne CDx tissue test. The remaining patients had either BRAF V600E negative status (n=5) or had unevaluable results (n=19) by the FoundationOne CDx tissue test. In addition, plasma samples from 81 out of 98 patients were retrospectively tested using the FoundationOne Liquid CDx assay. Of the 81 patients, 48 were confirmed positive for BRAF V600E, while 33 patients were BRAF V600E mutation negative by FoundationOne Liquid CDx assay. The remaining 17 samples had unevaluable results with FoundationOne Liquid CDx assay.

The efficacy population included 59 treatment-naïve patients and 39 previously-treated patients. Among these 98 patients, the median age was 70 years (range: 47 to 86); 53% female; 88% White, 7% Asian, 3% Black or African American, and 1% American Indian or Alaska Native; 99% were not Hispanic or Latino; 13% were current smokers and 57% were former smokers; 73% had ECOG PS of 1; and 97% had adenocarcinoma. All patients had metastatic disease, and 8% had brain metastases at baseline.

Efficacy results for patients with BRAF V600E mutation-positive metastatic NSCLC are summarized in Table 12.

Table 12:    Efficacy Results for PHAROS

 

BRAFTOVI with binimetinib

 

Efficacy Parameter

Treatment naïve
(N=59)

Previously treated
(N=39)

Objective Response Ratea

 

 

ORR (95% CI)

75% (62, 85)

46% (30, 63)

CR

15%

10%

PR

59%

36%

Duration of Responsea

N=44

N=18

Median DoR, months (95% CI)

NE (23.1, NE)

16.7 (7.4, NE)

% with DoR ≥6 months

75%

67%

% with DoR ≥12 months

59%

33%

CI = Confidence interval; CR = Complete response; DoR = Duration of response; N = Number of patients; NE = Not estimable; ORR = Objective response rate; PR = Partial response.

a.        Assessed by Independent Central Review (ICR).

 

Paediatric population

 

The European Medicines Agency has deferred the obligation to submit the results of studies with encorafenib in one or more subsets of the paediatric population in melanoma (see section 4.2 for information on paediatric use).

 

The European Medicines Agency has waived the obligation to submit the results of studies with encorafenib in all subsets of the paediatric population in colorectal carcinoma (see section 4.2 for information on paediatric use).


The pharmacokinetics of encorafenib were studied in healthy subjects and patients with solid tumours, including advanced and unresectable or metastatic cutaneous melanoma harbouring a BRAF‑V600E or K mutation, and in adult patients with metastatic colorectal cancer with a BRAF V600E mutation. The pharmacokinetics of encorafenib have been shown to be approximatively dose linear after single and multiples doses. After repeat once-daily dosing, steady‑state conditions were reached within 15 days. The accumulation ratio of approximately 0.5 is likely due to auto‑induction of CYP3A4. The inter‑subject variability (CV%) of AUC is ranged from 12.3% to 68.9%.

 

Absorption

 

After oral administration, encorafenib is rapidly absorbed with a median Tmax of 1.5 to 2 hours. Following a single oral dose of 100 mg [14C] encorafenib in healthy subjects, at least 86% of the encorafenib dose was absorbed. Administration of a single 100 mg dose of encorafenib with a high-fat, high-calorie meal decreased the Cmax by 36%, while the AUC was unchanged. A drug interaction study in healthy subjects indicated the extent of encorafenib exposure was not altered in the presence of a gastric pH-altering agent (rabeprazole).

 

Distribution

 

Encorafenib is moderately (86.1%) bound to human plasma proteins in vitro. Following a single oral dose of 100 mg [14C] encorafenib in healthy subjects, the mean (SD) blood-to-plasma concentration ratio is 0.58 (0.02) and the mean (CV%) apparent volume of distribution (Vz/F) of encorafenib is 226 L (32.7%).

 

Biotransformation

 

Following a single oral dose of 100 mg [14C] encorafenib in healthy subjects, metabolism was found to be the major clearance pathway for encorafenib (approximately 88% of the recovered radioactive dose). The predominant biotransformation reaction of encorafenib was N‑dealkylation. Other major metabolic pathways involved hydroxylation, carbamate hydrolysis, indirect glucuronidation and glucose conjugate formation.

 

Elimination

 

Following a single oral dose of 100 mg [14C] encorafenib in healthy subjects, radioactivity was eliminated equally in both the faeces and urine (mean of 47.2%). In urine, 1.8% of the radioactivity was excreted as encorafenib. The mean (CV%) apparent clearance (CL/F) of encorafenib was 27.9 L/h (9.15%). The median (range) encorafenib terminal half-life (T1/2) was 6.32 h (3.74 to 8.09 h).

 

Medicinal product interactions

 

No drug drug interaction was evidenced between encorafenib and cetuximab.

 

Effect of CYP enzymes on encorafenib

Encorafenib is metabolised by CYP3A4, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6. In vitro, CYP3A4 was predicted to be the major enzyme contributing to total oxidative clearance of encorafenib in human liver microsomes (~83.3%), followed by CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 (~16.0% and 0.71%, respectively).

 

Effect of encorafenib on CYP substrates

In vitro experiments indicate encorafenib is a relatively potent reversible inhibitor of UGT1A1, CYP2B6, CYP2C9 and CYP3A4/5, as well as a time-dependent inhibitor of CYP3A4. Encorafenib induced CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 in human primary hepatocytes. Simulations of 450 mg encorafenib co-administered with probe substrates for CYP2B6, CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 on Day 1 and Day 15 all indicated no clinically relevant interactions are expected. For co-administration with CYP3A4 and UGT1A1 substrates that undergo gut extraction, a minor to moderate interaction is expected. While binimetinib is a UGT1A1 substrate, it does not undergo gut extraction and therefore no DDI with encorafenib is expected. Additionally, no differences in exposure have been observed clinically when binimetinib is co-administered with encorafenib.

 

Effect of transporters on encorafenib

Encorafenib was found to be a substrate of the P‑glycoprotein (P‑gp) transporters. Inhibition of P‑gp is unlikely to result in a clinically important increase in encorafenib concentrations as encorafenib exhibits high intrinsic permeability. The involvement of several uptake transporter families (OCT1, OATP1B1, OATP1B3 and OATPB1) was investigated in vitro using relevant transporter inhibitors. The data suggest that hepatic uptake transporters are not involved in encorafenib distribution into primary human hepatocytes.

 

Effect of encorafenib on transporters

Repeated administration of encorafenib 450 mg once daily and binimetinib 45 mg twice daily with a single dose of rosuvastatin (a OATP1B1, OATP1B3 and BCRP substrate) increased rosuvastatin Cmax by 2.7-fold and AUC by 1.6-fold indicating a mild inhibition of OATP1B1, OATP1B3 and/or BCRP transporters.

In vitro, encorafenib inhibited the hepatic transporter OCT1, but is unlikely to be an effective inhibitor clinically. Based on in vitro studies, there is potential for encorafenib to inhibit renal transporters OCT2, OAT1, OAT3.  at clinical concentrations. In addition, encorafenib may inhibit P-gp in the gut at the expected clinical concentrations.

 

Special populations

 

Age

Based on a population pharmacokinetic analysis, age was found to be a significant covariate on encorafenib volume of distribution, but with high variability. Given the small magnitude of these changes and high variability, these are unlikely to be clinically meaningful, and no dose adjustments are needed for elderly patients.

 

Gender

Based on a population pharmacokinetic analysis gender was not found to be a significant model covariate on clearance or volume of distribution. As a result, no major changes in encorafenib exposure are expected based upon gender.

 

Body weight

Based on a population pharmacokinetic analysis, body weight was found to be a significant model covariate on clearance and volume of distribution. However, given the small magnitude of change in clearance and the high variability in the predicted volume of distribution in the model, weight is unlikely to have a clinically relevant influence on the exposition of encorafenib.

 

Race

There are no clinically relevant differences in encorafenib PK between Asians and non Asians . There are insufficient data to evaluate potential differences in the exposure of encorafenib in other races or ethnicity.

 

Hepatic impairment

Results from a dedicated clinical study indicate a 25% higher total encorafenib exposures in patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child‑Pugh Class A) compared with subjects with normal liver function. This translates into a 55% increase of the unbound encorafenib exposure.

The pharmacokinetics of encorafenib has not been evaluated clinically in patients with moderate (Child‑Pugh Class B) or severe (Child‑Pugh Class C) hepatic impairment. As encorafenib is primarily metabolised and eliminated via the liver, based on PBPK modelling, patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment may have greater increases in exposure than patients with mild hepatic impairment. No dosing recommendation can be made in patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment (see sections 4.2 and 4.4).

 

Renal impairment

Encorafenib undergoes minimal renal elimination. No formal clinical study has been conducted to evaluate the effect of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics of encorafenib.

In a population pharmacokinetic analysis, no clear trend in encorafenib CL/F was observed in patients with mild (eGFR 60 to 90 mL/min/1.73 m2) or moderate (eGFR 30 to 59 mL/min/1.73 m2) renal impairment compared with subjects with normal renal function (eGFR ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2). A small decrease in CL/F (≤5%) was predicted for patients with mild and moderate renal impairment, which is unlikely to be clinically relevant. The pharmacokinetics of encorafenib have not been studied in patients with severe renal impairment.


In the 4‑week and 13‑week rat toxicity studies, clinical signs, reduced body weight reduced epididymides and prostate weights and microscopic findings in testes, epididymides, stomach and skin were noted. Partial reversibility of these findings was noted after a 4‑week recovery period. Additionally, in the 13‑week rat toxicity study, reversible clinical pathology changes were noted at doses ≥ 100 mg/kg/d. No NOAEL could be established for the 4‑week study. The NOAEL determined in the 13‑week study was more than 10‑times human therapeutic exposures.

 

In the 4‑week and 13‑week monkey toxicity study, isolated/sporadic episodes of emesis and diarrhoea as well as ophthalmic lesions were observed at slightly above human therapeutic exposures. Ophthalmic lesions were partially reversible and consisted of a separation or detachment in the retina between the outer rods and cones layer and retinal pigmented epithelium at the central macula at the fovea. This observation was similar to that described in humans as central serous‑like chorioretinopathy or central serous retinopathy.

 

Encorafenib was not genotoxic.

Fertility studies were not conducted with encorafenib. In the 13‑week rat toxicology studies, encorafenib treatment at 6 mg/kg/d (dose level more than 5 times the human exposure at the therapeutic dose) resulted in decreased testes and epididymis weights with tubular degeneration and oligospermia. In the 13‑week study, partial reversibility was noted at the highest dose level (60 mg/kg/d).

 

The embryo-foetal development study in rats indicated that encorafenib induced foetal toxicity with lower foetal weights and delays in skeletal development.

The embryo-foetal development study in rabbits indicated that encorafenib induced foetal toxicity with lower foetal weights and transitory changes in skeletal development. Dilatation of the aortic arc was observed in some foetuses.

 

Encorafenib was phototoxic in an in vitro 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake Test. Encorafenib was not a sensitiser in the in vivo mouse sensitization assay. Collectively, these data indicate that encorafenib has a risk of phototoxic potential and minima


Capsule content

 

Copovidone (E1208)

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Crospovidone (E1202)

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Capsule shell

 

Gelatin (E441)

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Iron oxide black (E172)

 

Printing ink

 

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3 years.

Store below 30°C.

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Braftovi 50 mg hard capsules

 

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