ROS1-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

ROZLYTREK is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors are ROS1-positive.

NTRK Gene Fusion-Positive Solid Tumors

ROZLYTREK is indicated for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older with solid tumors that:

·         have a neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) gene fusion without a known acquired resistance mutation,

·         are metastatic or where surgical resection is likely to result in severe morbidity, and

·         have either progressed following treatment or have no satisfactory alternative therapy.

This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on tumor response rate and durability of response [see Pharmacodynamic properties, Clinical efficacy and safety (5.1)]. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in the confirmatory trials.

Patient Selection

Select patients for the treatment of metastatic NSCLC with ROZLYTREK based on the presence of ROS1 rearrangement(s) in tumor specimens [see Pharmacodynamic properties, Clinical efficacy and safety (5.1)]. An FDA-approved test for detection of ROS1 rearrangement(s) in NSCLC for selecting patients for treatment with ROZLYTREK is not available.

Select patients for treatment of locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors with ROZLYTREK based on the presence of a NTRK gene fusion [see Pharmacodynamic properties, Clinical efficacy and safety (5.1)]. An FDA-approved test for the detection of NTRK gene fusion in solid tumors is not available.

Recommended Dosage for ROS1-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

The recommended dosage of ROZLYTREK is 600 mg orally once daily with or without food until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Recommended Dosage for NTRK Gene Fusion-Positive Solid Tumors

Adults

The recommended dosage of ROZLYTREK in adults is 600 mg orally once daily with or without food until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Pediatric Patients 12 Years and Older (Adolescents)

The recommended dosage of ROZLYTREK is based on body surface area (BSA) as shown in Table 1 below. Take ROZLYTREK orally once daily with or without food until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Table 1: Dosing in Pediatric Patients 12 Years and Older (Adolescents)

Dosage Modifications for Adverse Reactions

The recommended dosage reductions for adverse reactions are provided in Table 2.

Table 2: Recommended Dose Reductions for ROZLYTREK Adverse Reactions

*For a subsequent modification, permanently discontinue ROZLYTREK in patients who are unable to tolerate ROZLYTREK after two dose reductions.

Table 3 describes dosage modifications for specific adverse reactions.

Table 3: Recommended Dosage Modifications for ROZLYTREK for Adverse Reactions

^*Severity as defined by National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) version 4.0.

Dosage Modifications for Drug Interactions

Moderate and Strong CYP3A Inhibitors

Adults and Pediatric Patients 12 Years and Older with BSA Greater than 1.50 m²  

Avoid coadministration of ROZLYTREK with moderate or strong CYP3A inhibitors. If coadministration cannot be avoided, reduce the ROZLYTREK dose as follows:

·         Moderate CYP3A Inhibitors: 200 mg orally once daily

·         Strong CYP3A Inhibitors: 100 mg orally once daily

After discontinuation of a strong or moderate CYP3A inhibitor for 3 to 5 elimination half-lives, resume the ROZLYTREK dose that was taken prior to initiating the CYP3A inhibitor [see Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction (4.5), Pharmacodynamic Properties (5.1)].

Administration

Swallow capsules whole. Do not open, crush, chew, or dissolve the contents of the capsule.

If a patient misses a dose, instruct patients to make up that dose unless the next dose is due within 12 hours.

If a patient vomits immediately after taking a dose, instruct patients to repeat that dose.  

Congestive Heart Failure

Among the 355 patients who received ROZLYTREK across clinical trials, congestive heart failure (CHF) occurred in 3.4% of patients, including Grade 3 (2.3%) [see Undesirable effects (4.8)]. In clinical trials, baseline cardiac function and routine cardiac monitoring other than electrocardiograms (ECGs) were not conducted and eligibility criteria excluded patients with symptomatic CHF, myocardial infarction, unstable angina, and coronary artery bypass graft within 3 months of study entry. Among the 12 patients with CHF, the median time to onset was 2 months (range: 11 days to 12 months). ROZLYTREK was interrupted in 6 of these patients (50%) and discontinued in 2 of these patients (17%). CHF resolved in 6 patients (50%) following interruption or discontinuation of ROZLYTREK and institution of appropriate medical management. In addition, myocarditis in the absence of CHF was documented in 0.3% of patients.

Assess left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) prior to initiation of ROZLYTREK in patients with symptoms or known risk factors for CHF. Monitor patients for clinical signs and symptoms of CHF, including shortness of breath and edema. For patients with myocarditis, with or without a decreased ejection fraction, MRI or cardiac biopsy may be required to make the diagnosis. For patients with new onset or worsening CHF, withhold ROZLYTREK, institute appropriate medical management, and reassess LVEF. Based on the severity of CHF or worsening LVEF, resume ROZLYTREK at a reduced dose upon recovery to baseline or permanently discontinue [see Posology and method of administration (4.2)].

Central Nervous System Effects

A broad spectrum of central nervous system (CNS) adverse reactions occurred in patients receiving ROZLYTREK, including cognitive impairment, mood disorders, dizziness, and sleep disturbances.

Among the 355 patients who received ROZLYTREK across clinical trials, 96 (27%) experienced cognitive impairment; symptoms occurred within 3 months of starting ROZLYTREK in 74 (77%). Cognitive impairment included cognitive disorders (8%), confusional state (7%), disturbance in attention (4.8%), memory impairment (3.7%), amnesia (2.5%), aphasia (2.3%), mental status changes (2%), hallucinations (1.1%), and delirium (0.8%). Grade 3 cognitive adverse reactions occurred in 4.5% of patients. Among the 96 patients with cognitive impairment, 13% required a dose reduction, 18% required dose interruption and 1% discontinued ROZLYTREK due to cognitive adverse reactions.

Among the 355 patients who received ROZLYTREK across clinical trials, 36 (10%) experienced mood disorders. The median time to onset of mood disorders was 1 month (range: 1 day to 9 months). Mood disorders occurring in ³ 1% of patients included anxiety (4.8%), depression (2.8%) and agitation (2%). Grade 3 mood disorders occurred in 0.6% of patients. One completed suicide was reported 11 days after treatment had ended. Among the 36 patients who experienced mood disorders, 6% required a dose reduction, 6% required dose interruption and no patients discontinued ROZLYTREK due to mood disorders.

Dizziness occurred in 136 (38%) of the 355 patients. Among the 136 patients who experienced dizziness, Grade 3 dizziness occurred in 2.2% of patients. Ten percent of patients required a dose reduction, 7% required dose interruption and 0.7% discontinued ROZLYTREK due to dizziness.

Among the 355 patients who received ROZLYTREK across clinical trials, 51 (14%) experienced sleep disturbances. Sleep disturbances included insomnia (7%), somnolence (7%), hypersomnia (1.1%), and sleep disorder (0.3%). Grade 3 sleep disturbances occurred in 0.6% of patients. Among the 51 patients who experienced sleep disturbances, 6% required a dose reduction and no patients discontinued ROZLYTREK due to sleep disturbances.

The incidence of CNS adverse reactions was similar in patients with and without CNS metastases; however, the incidence of dizziness (38% vs 31%), headache (21% vs 13%), paresthesia (20% vs 6%), balance disorder (13% vs 4%), and confusional state (11% vs 2%) appeared to be increased in patients with CNS metastases who had received prior CNS irradiation (N = 90) compared to those who did not (N = 48).

Advise patients and caregivers of these risks with ROZLYTREK. Advise patients not to drive or operate hazardous machinery if they are experiencing CNS adverse reactions. Withhold and then resume at same or reduced dose upon improvement, or permanently discontinue ROZLYTREK based on severity [see Posology and method of administration (4.2)].

Skeletal Fractures

ROZLYTREK increases the risk of fractures. In an expanded safety population that included 338 adult patients and 30 pediatric patients who received ROZLYTREK across clinical trials, 5% of adult patients and 23% of pediatric patients experienced fractures [see Fertility, pregnancy and lactation (4.6)]. In adult patients, some fractures occurred in the setting of a fall or other trauma to the affected area, while in pediatric patients all fractures occurred in patients with minimal or no trauma. In general, there was inadequate assessment for tumor involvement at the site of fracture; however, radiologic abnormalities possibly indicative of tumor involvement were reported in some patients. In both adult and pediatric patients, most fractures were hip or other lower extremity fractures (e.g., femoral or tibial shaft). In a limited number of patients, bilateral femoral neck fractures occurred. The median time to fracture was 3.8 months (range 0.3 to 18.5 months) in adults and 4.0 months (range: 1.8 months to 7.4 months) in pediatric patients. ROZLYTREK was interrupted in 41% of adults and 43% of pediatric patients due to fractures. No patients discontinued ROZLYTREK due to fractures.

Promptly evaluate patients with signs or symptoms (e.g., pain, changes in mobility, deformity) of fractures. There are no data on the effects of ROZLYTREK on healing of known fractures and risk of future fractures.

Hepatotoxicity

Among the 355 patients who received ROZLYTREK, increased AST of any grade occurred in 42% of patients and increased ALT of any grade occurred in 36%. Grade 3 – 4 increased AST or ALT occurred in 2.5% and 2.8% of patients, respectively; the incidence may be underestimated as 4.5% of patients had no post-treatment liver function tests [see Undesirable effects (4.8)]. The median time to onset of increased AST was 2 weeks (range: 1 day to 29.5 months). The median time to onset of increased ALT was 2 weeks (range: 1 day to 9.2 months). Increased AST or ALT leading to dose interruptions or reductions occurred in 0.8% and 0.8% of patients, respectively. ROZLYTREK was discontinued due to increased AST or ALT in 0.8% patients.

Monitor liver tests, including ALT and AST, every 2 weeks during the first month of treatment, then monthly thereafter, and as clinically indicated. Withhold or permanently discontinue ROZLYTREK based on the severity. If withheld, resume ROZLYTREK at the same or reduced dose [see Posology and method of administration (4.2)].

Hyperuricemia

Among 355 patients who received ROZLYTREK across clinical trials, 32 patients (9%) experienced hyperuricemia reported as adverse reactions with symptoms, as well as elevated uric acid levels. Grade 4 hyperuricemia occurred in 1.7% of patients, including one patient who died due to tumor lysis syndrome.Among the 32 patients with hyperuricemic adverse reactions, 34% required urate-lowering medication to reduce uric acid levels, 6% required dose reduction and 6% required dose interruption. Hyperuricemia resolved in 73% of patients following initiation of urate-lowering medication without interruption or dose reduction of ROZLYTREK. No patients discontinued ROZLYTREK due to hyperuricemia.

Assess serum uric acid levels prior to initiating ROZLYTREK and periodically during treatment. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of hyperuricemia. Initiate treatment with urate-lowering medications as clinically indicated and withhold ROZLYTREK for signs and symptoms of hyperuricemia. Resume ROZLYTREK at same or reduced dose upon improvement of signs or symptoms based on severity [see Posology and method of administration (4.2)].

QT Interval Prolongation

Among the 355 patients who received ROZLYTREK across the clinical trials, 3.1% of patients with at least one post-baseline ECG assessment experienced QTcF interval prolongation of > 60 ms after starting ROZLYTREK and 0.6% had a QTcF interval > 500 ms [see Undesirable effects (4.8), Pharmacodynamic Properties (5.1)].

Monitor patients who already have or who are at significant risk of developing QTc interval prolongation, including patients with known long QT syndromes, clinically significant bradyarrhythmias, severe or uncontrolled heart failure and those taking other medicinal products associated with QT prolongation. Assess QT interval and electrolytes at baseline and periodically during treatment, adjusting frequency based upon risk factors such as congestive heart failure, electrolyte abnormalities, or concomitant medications known to prolong the QTc interval. Based on the severity of QTc interval prolongation, withhold ROZLYTREK and then resume at same or reduced dose, or permanently discontinue [see Posology and method of administration (4.2)].

Vision Disorders

Among the 355 patients who received ROZLYTREK across clinical trials, vision changes occurred in 21% of patients, including Grade 1 (17%), Grade 2 (2.8%) and Grade 3 (0.8%) [see Undesirable effects (4.8)]. Vision disorders occurring in ³ 1% included blurred vision (9%), photophobia (5%), diplopia (3.1%), visual impairment (2%), photopsia (1.1%), cataract (1.1%), and vitreous floaters (1.1%). 

For patients with new visual changes or changes that interfere with activities of daily living, withhold ROZLYTREK until improvement or stabilization and conduct an ophthalmological evaluation as clinically appropriate. Upon improvement or stabilization, resume ROZLYTREK at same or reduced dose [see Posology and method of administration (4.2)].

Embryo-Fetal Toxicity

Based on literature reports in humans with congenital mutations leading to changes in TRK signaling, findings from animal studies, and its mechanism of action, ROZLYTREK can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Administration of entrectinib to pregnant rats resulted in malformations at exposures approximately 2.7 times the human exposure at the 600 mg dose based on area under the curve (AUC).

Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise female patients of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with ROZLYTREK and for 5 weeks following the final dose. Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with ROZLYTREK and for 3 months after the final dose [see Fertility, pregnancy and lactation (4.6)].

Effect of Other Drugs on ROZLYTREK

Moderate and Strong CYP3A Inhibitors

Adults and Pediatric Patients 12 Years and Older with BSA Greater than 1.50 m²

Coadministration of ROZLYTREK with a strong or moderate CYP3A inhibitor increases entrectinib plasma concentrations [see Pharmacodynamic Properties (5.1)], which could increase the frequency or severity of adverse reactions. Avoid coadministration of strong or moderate CYP3A inhibitors with ROZLYTREK. If coadministration is unavoidable, reduce the ROZLYTREK dose [see Posology and method of administration (4.2), Pharmacodynamic Properties (5.1)].

Pediatric Patients 12 Years and Older with BSA Less Than or Equal to 1.50 m²

Avoid coadministration of ROZLYTREK with moderate or strong CYP3A inhibitors [see Pharmacodynamic Properties (5.1)].

Avoid grapefruit products during treatment with ROZLYTREK, as they contain inhibitors of CYP3A.

Moderate and Strong CYP3A Inducers

Coadministration of ROZLYTREK with a strong or moderate CYP3A inducer decreases entrectinib plasma concentrations [see Pharmacodynamic Properties (5.1)], which may reduce ROZLYTREK efficacy. Avoid coadministration of strong and moderate CYP3A inducers with ROZLYTREK.

Drugs That Prolong QT Interval

QTc interval prolongation can occur with ROZLYTREK. Avoid coadministration of ROZLYTREK with other products with a known potential to prolong QT/QTc interval [see Special warnings and precautions for use (4.4), Pharmacodynamic Properties (5.1)].

Pregnancy

Risk Summary

Based on literature reports in humans with congenital mutations leading to changes in TRK signaling, findings from animal studies, and its mechanism of action [see Pharmacodynamic Properties (5.1)], ROZLYTREK can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. There are no available data on ROZLYTREK use in pregnant women. Administration of entrectinib to pregnant rats during the period of organogenesis resulted in malformations at maternal exposures approximately 2.7 times the human exposure at the 600 mg dose (see Data). Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus.

In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.

Data

Human Data

Published reports of individuals with congenital mutations in TRK pathway proteins suggest that decreases in TRK-mediated signaling are correlated with obesity, developmental delays, cognitive impairment, insensitivity to pain, and anhidrosis.

Animal Data

Entrectinib administration to pregnant rats during the period of organogenesis at a dose of 200 mg/kg [resulting in exposures up to 2.7 times the human exposure (AUC) at the 600 mg dose] resulted in maternal toxicity and fetal malformations including body closure defects (omphalocele and gastroschisis) and malformations of the vertebrae, ribs, and limbs (micromelia and adactyly), but not embryolethality. Lower fetal weights and reduced skeletal ossification occurred at doses ≥ 12.5 and 50 mg/kg [approximately 0.2 and 0.9 times the human exposure (AUC) at the 600 mg dose], respectively.  

Lactation

Risk Summary

There are no data on the presence of entrectinib or its metabolites in human milk or their effects on either the breastfed child or on milk production. Because of the potential adverse reactions in breastfed children from ROZLYTREK, advise a lactating woman to discontinue breastfeeding during treatment with ROZLYTREK and for 7 days after the final dose.

Females and Males of Reproductive Potential

Pregnancy Testing

Verify the pregnancy status of females of reproductive potential prior to initiating ROZLYTREK [see Fertility, pregnancy and lactation (4.6)].

Contraception

ROZLYTREK can cause embryo-fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Fertility, pregnancy and lactation (4.6)].

Females

Advise female patients of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with ROZLYTREK and for at least 5 weeks following the final dose [see Fertility, pregnancy and lactation (4.6)].

Males

Advise male patients with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with ROZLYTREK and for 3 months following the final dose [see Preclinical safety data (5.3)].

Pediatric Use

The safety and effectiveness of ROZLYTREK in pediatric patients aged 12 years and older with solid tumors that have an NTRK gene fusion have been established. The effectiveness of ROZLYTREK in adolescent patients was established based on extrapolation of data from three open-label, single-arm clinical trials in adult patients with solid tumors harboring an NTRK gene fusion (ALKA, STARTRK-1, and STARTRK-2) and pharmacokinetic data in adolescents enrolled in STARTRK-NG. ROZLYTREK doses based on body surface area in pediatric patients 12 years and older resulted in similar systemic exposure compared to that in adults who received a ROZLYTREK dose of 600 mg [see Posology and method of administration (4.2), Adverse Reactions (4.8), Pharmacodynamic properties, Clinical efficacy and safety (5.1), Pharmacokinetics properties (5.2)].

There is limited clinical experience with ROZLYTREK in pediatric patients. The safety of ROZLYTREK in pediatric patients 12 years of age and older was established based on extrapolation of data in adults and data from 30 pediatric patients enrolled in STARTRK-NG. Of these 30 patients, 7% were < 2 years (n = 2), 77% were 2 to < 12 years (n = 23), 17% were 12 to < 18 years (n = 5); 57% had metastatic disease (n = 17) and 44% had locally advanced disease (n = 13); and all patients had received prior treatment for their cancer, including surgery, radiotherapy, or systemic therapy. The most common cancers were neuroblastoma (47%), primary CNS tumors (30%), and sarcoma (10%). The median duration of exposure for all pediatric patients was 4.2 months (range: 0.2 to 22.7 months).

Due to the small number of pediatric and adult patients, the single arm design of clinical studies of ROZLYTREK, and confounding factors such as differences in susceptibility to infections between pediatric and adult patients, it is not possible to determine whether the observed differences in the incidence of adverse reactions to ROZLYTREK are related to patient age or other factors. In an expanded safety database that included 338 adult patients and 30 pediatric patients who received ROZLYTREK across clinical trials, the Grade 3 or 4 adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities that occurred more frequently (≥ 5%) in pediatric patients (n = 30) compared with adults (n = 338) were neutropenia (27% vs 2%), bone fractures (23% vs 5%), increased weight (20% vs 7%), thrombocytopenia (10% vs 0.3%), lymphopenia (7% vs 1%), increased gamma-glutamyl transferase (7% vs 0%), and device-related infection (7% vs 0.3%). Three pediatric patients discontinued ROZLYTREK due to an adverse reaction (Grade 4 pulmonary edema, Grade 3 dyspnea, and Grade 4 pancreatitis).

The safety and effectiveness of ROZLYTREK in pediatric patients less than 12 years of age with solid tumors who have an NTRK gene fusion have not been established.

The safety and effectiveness of ROZLYTREK in pediatric patients with ROS1-positive NSCLC have not been established.

Juvenile Animal Toxicity Data

In a 13-week juvenile rat toxicology study, animals were dosed daily from post-natal day 7 to day 97 (approximately equivalent to neonate to adulthood). Entrectinib resulted in:

·         decreased body weight gain and delayed sexual maturation at doses ≥ 4 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.06 times the human exposure (AUC) at the 600 mg dose),

·         deficits in neurobehavioral assessments including functional observational battery and learning and memory (at doses ≥ 8 mg/kg/day, approximately 0.14 times the human exposure at the 600 mg dose), and

·         decreased femur length at doses ≥ 16 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.18 times the human exposure at the 600 mg dose).

Geriatric Use

Of the 355 patients who received ROZLYTREK across clinical trials, 25% were 65 years or older, and 5% were 75 years of age or older. Clinical studies of ROZLYTREK did not include sufficient numbers of geriatric patients to determine whether they respond differently from younger patients.

Renal Impairment

No dose adjustment is recommended for patients with mild or moderate renal impairment (CLcr 30 to < 90 mL/min calculated by Cockcroft-Gault equation). ROZLYTREK has not been studied in patients with severe renal impairment (CLcr < 30 mL/min) [see Pharmacodynamic Properties (5.1)].

Hepatic Impairment

No dose adjustment is recommended for patients with mild (total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 times ULN) hepatic impairment. ROZLYTREK has not been studied in patients with moderate (total bilirubin > 1.5 to 3 times ULN) and severe (total bilirubin > 3 times ULN) hepatic impairment [see Pharmacodynamic Properties (5.1)].

ROZLYTREK may influence the ability to drive and use machines. Patients should be instructed not to drive or use machines until the symptoms resolve, if they experience cognitive adverse reactions, syncope, blurred vision, or dizziness, during treatment with ROZLYTREK (see section 4.4 and 4.8)

ADVERSE REACTIONS

The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling:

·         Congestive Heart Failure [see Special warnings and precautions for use (4.4)]

·         Central Nervous System Effects [see Special warnings and precautions for use (4.4)]

·         Skeletal Fractures [see Special warnings and precautions for use (4.4)]

·         Hepatotoxicity [see Special warnings and precautions for use (4.4)]

·         Hyperuricemia [see Special warnings and precautions for use (4.4)]

·         QT Interval Prolongation [see Special warnings and precautions for use (4.4)]

·         Vision Disorders [see Special warnings and precautions for use (4.4)]

Clinical Trial Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

Data in WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS and below reflect exposure to ROZLYTREK in 355 patients, including 172 (48%) patients exposed for 6 months or longer and 84 (24%) patients exposed for 1 year or longer. ROZLYTREK was studied in one dose-finding trial in adults [ALKA (n = 57)], one dose-finding and activity-estimating trial in adults [STARTRK-1 (n = 76)], one dose-finding and activity-estimating trial in pediatric and adult patients [STARTRK-NG (n = 16)], and one single arm, activity-estimating trial in adults [STARTRK-2 (n = 206)].  

The population characteristics were: median age 55 years (range: 4 to 86 years); 5% (n = 17) were less than 18 years of age; 55% were female; and 66% were White, 23% were Asian, and 5% were Black; 3% were Hispanic/Latino. The most common tumors (≥ 5%) were lung (56%), sarcoma (8%), and colon (5%). ROS1 gene fusions were present in 42% and NTRK gene fusions were present in 20%. Most adults (75%) received ROZLYTREK 600 mg orally once daily. The doses ranged from 100 mg/m² to 1600 mg/m² once daily in adults and 250 mg/m² to 750 mg/m² once daily in pediatric patients. ROZLYTREK is not indicated for pediatric patients less than 12 years of age [see Fertility, pregnancy and lactation (4.6)].

Serious adverse reactions occurred in 39% of patients. The most frequent serious adverse reactions (≥ 2%) were pneumonia (3.9%), dyspnea (3.7%), pleural effusion (3.4%), sepsis (2.5%), pulmonary embolism (2.3%), respiratory failure (2%), and pyrexia (2%). Grade 3 or 4 adverse reactions occurred in 60% of patients; the most common (≥ 2%) were lung infection (5%), increased weight (7%), dyspnea (6%), fatigue/asthenia (5%), cognitive disorders (4.5%), syncope (2.5%), pulmonary embolism (3.4%), hypoxia (3.4%), pleural effusion (3.1%), hypotension (2.8%), diarrhea (2%), and urinary tract infection (2.5%). Fatal events included dyspnea (0.6%), pneumonia (0.6%), sepsis (0.6%), completed suicide (0.3%), large intestine perforation (0.3%) and tumor lysis syndrome (0.3%). One patient developed Grade 4 myocarditis after one dose of ROZLYTREK which resolved after discontinuation of ROZLYTREK and administration of high-dose corticosteroids.

Permanent discontinuation due to an adverse reaction occurred in 9% of patients who received ROZLYTREK. The most frequent adverse reactions (< 1% each) that resulted in permanent discontinuation were pneumonia, cardio-respiratory arrest, dyspnea, and fatigue.

Dose interruptions due to adverse reactions occurred in 46% of patients. The most frequent adverse reactions (≥ 2%) that resulted in interruption were increased blood creatinine (4%), fatigue (3.7%), anemia (3.1%), diarrhea (2.8%), pyrexia (2.8%), dizziness (2.5%), dyspnea (2.3%), nausea (2.3%), pneumonia (2.3%), cognitive disorder (2%) and neutropenia (2%). 

Dose reductions due to adverse reactions occurred in 29% of patients who received ROZLYTREK. The most frequent adverse reactions resulting in dose reductions (≥ 1%) were dizziness (3.9%), increased blood creatinine (3.1%), fatigue (2.3%), anemia (1.7%), and increased weight (1.4%).

The most common adverse reactions (≥ 20%) were fatigue, constipation, dysgeusia, edema, dizziness, diarrhea, nausea, dysesthesia, dyspnea, myalgia, cognitive impairment, increased weight, cough, vomiting, pyrexia, arthralgia and vision disorders.

Table 4 summarizes the adverse reactions observed in these 355 patients.

Table 4: Adverse Reactions (≥ 10%) in Patients Receiving ROZLYTREK in ALKA, STARTRK-1, STARTRK-2, and STARTRK-NG

Clinically relevant adverse reactions occurring in ≤ 10% of patients include dysphagia (10%), fall (8%), pleural effusion (8%), fractures (6%), hypoxia (4.2%), pulmonary embolism (3.9%), syncope (3.9%), congestive heart failure (3.4%), and QT prolongation (3.1%).

Table 5 summarizes the laboratory abnormalities.

Table 5: Laboratory Abnormalities (≥ 20%) Worsening from Baseline in Patients Receiving ROZLYTREK in ALKA, STARTRK-1, STARTRK-2, and STARTRK-NG

To report any side effect(s):

•    Saudi Arabia:

•    Other GCC States:

There is no experience with overdosage in clinical trials with ROZLYTREK. Patients who experience overdose should be closely supervised and supportive care instituted. There are no known antidotes for ROZLYTREK.

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Antineoplastic agents, protein kinase inhibitor. ATC code: L01XE56.

Mechanism of Action:

Entrectinib is an inhibitor of the tropomyosin receptor tyrosine kinases (TRK) TRKA, TRKB, and TRKC (encoded by the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase [NTRK] genes NTRK1, NTRK2, and NTRK3, respectively), proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase ROS1 (ROS1), and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) with IC₅₀ values of 0.1 to 2 nM. Entrectinib also inhibits JAK2 and TNK2 with IC₅₀ values > 5 nM. The major active metabolite of entrectinib, M5, showed similar in vitro activity against TRK, ROS1, and ALK.

Fusion proteins that include TRK, ROS1, or ALK kinase domains can drive tumorigenic potential through hyperactivation of downstream signaling pathways leading to unconstrained cell proliferation. Entrectinib demonstrated in vitro and in vivo inhibition of cancer cell lines derived from multiple tumor types harboring NTRK, ROS1, and ALK fusion genes.

Entrectinib demonstrated steady-state brain-to-plasma concentration ratios of 0.4 – 2.2 in multiple animal species (mice, rats, and dogs) and demonstrated in vivo anti-tumor activity in mice with intracranial implantation of TRKA- and ALK-driven tumor cell lines. 

Pharmacodynamics:

Entrectinib exposure-response relationships and the time course of pharmacodynamic responses are unknown.

Cardiac Electrophysiology

Across clinical trials, 3.1% of 355 patients, who received ROZLYTREK at doses ranging from 100 mg to 2600 mg daily under fasting or fed conditions (75% received 600 mg orally once daily) and had at least one post-baseline ECG assessment, experienced QTcF interval prolongation of > 60 ms after starting ROZLYTREK and 0.6% had a QTc interval > 500 ms [see Special warnings and precautions for use (4.4)].

Clinical efficacy and safety (Clinical studies):

ROS1-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

The efficacy of ROZLYTREK was evaluated in a pooled subgroup of patients with ROS1-positive metastatic NSCLC who received ROZLYTREK at various doses and schedules (90% received ROZLYTREK 600 mg orally once daily) and were enrolled in one of three multicenter, single-arm, open-label clinical trials: ALKA, STARTRK-1 (NCT02097810) and STARTRK-2 (NCT02568267). To be included in this pooled subgroup, patients were required to have histologically confirmed, recurrent or metastatic, ROS1-positive NSCLC, ECOG performance status ≤ 2, measurable disease per RECIST v 1.1, ≥ 18 months of follow-up from first post-treatment tumor assessment, and no prior therapy with a ROS1 inhibitor. Identification of ROS1 gene fusion in tumor specimens was prospectively determined in local laboratories using either a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), next-generation sequencing (NGS), or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) laboratory-developed tests. All patients were assessed for CNS lesions at baseline. The major efficacy outcome measures were overall response rate (ORR) and duration of response (DOR) according to RECIST v1.1 as assessed by blinded independent central review (BICR). Intracranial response according to RECIST v1.1 was assessed by BICR. Tumor assessments with imaging were performed every 8 weeks.

Efficacy was assessed in 92 patients with ROS1-positive NSCLC. The median age was 53 years (range: 27 to 86); female (65%); White (48%), Asian (45%), and Black (5%); and Hispanic or Latino (2.4%); never smoked (59%); and ECOG performance status 0 or 1 (88%). Ninety-nine percent of patients had metastatic disease, including 42% with CNS metastases; 96% had adenocarcinoma; 65% received prior platinum-based chemotherapy for metastatic or recurrent disease and no patient had progressed in less than 6 months following platinum-based adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy. ROS1 positivity was determined by NGS in 79%, FISH in 16%, and PCR in 4%. Twenty-five percent had central laboratory confirmation of ROS1 positivity using an analytically validated NGS test.  

Efficacy results are summarized in Table 6.

Table 6: Efficacy Results in ROS1-Positive NSCLC Patients per BICR Assessment

Among the 92 patients, 10 had measurable CNS metastases at baseline as assessed by BICR and had not received radiation therapy to the brain within 2 months prior to study entry. Responses in intracranial lesions were observed in 7 of these 10 patients.

NTRK Gene Fusion-Positive Solid Tumors

The efficacy of ROZLYTREK was evaluated in a pooled subgroup of adult patients with unresectable or metastatic solid tumors with a NTRK gene fusion enrolled in one of three multicenter, single-arm, open-label clinical trials: ALKA, STARTRK-1 (NCT02097810) and STARTRK-2 (NCT02568267). To be included in this pooled subgroup, patients were required to have progressed following systemic therapy for their disease, if available, or would have required surgery causing significant morbidity for locally advanced disease; measurable disease per RECIST v1.1; at least 2 years of follow-up from first post-treatment tumor assessment; and no prior therapy with a TRK inhibitor. Patients received ROZLYTREK at various doses and schedules (94% received ROZLYTREK 600 mg orally once daily) until unacceptable toxicity or disease progression. Identification of positive NTRK gene fusion status was prospectively determined in local laboratories or a central laboratory using various nucleic acid-based tests. The major efficacy outcome measures were ORR and DOR, as determined by a BICR according to RECIST v1.1. Intracranial response according to RECIST v1.1 as evaluated by BICR. Tumor assessments with imaging were performed every 8 weeks.

Efficacy was assessed in the first 54 adult patients with solid tumors with an NTRK gene fusion enrolled into these trials. The median age was 58 years (range: 21 to 83); female (59%); White (80%), Asian (13%) and Hispanic or Latino (7%); and ECOG performance status 0 (43%) or 1 (46%). Ninety-six percent of patients had metastatic disease, including 22% with CNS metastases, and 4% had locally advanced, unresectable disease. All patients had received prior treatment for their cancer including surgery (n = 43), radiotherapy (n = 36), or systemic therapy (n = 48). Forty patients (74%) received prior systemic therapy for metastatic disease with a median of 1 prior systemic regimen and 17% (n = 9) received 3 or more prior systemic regimens. The most common cancers were sarcoma (24%), lung cancer (19%), salivary gland tumors (13%), breast cancer (11%), thyroid cancer (9%), and colorectal cancer (7%). A total of 52 (96%) patients had an NTRK gene fusion detected by NGS and 2 (4%) had an NTRK gene fusion detected by other nucleic acid-based tests. Eighty-three percent of patients had central laboratory confirmation of NTRK gene fusion using an analytically validated NGS test.

Efficacy results are summarized in Tables 7, 8, and 9.

Table 7: Efficacy Results for Patients with Solid Tumors Harboring NTRK Gene Fusions

Table 8: Efficacy by Tumor Type

 Table 9: Efficacy Results by NTRK Gene Fusion Partner

Among the subset of patients who received prior systemic therapy for metastatic disease, the ORR was 53%, similar to that seen in the overall population. Among the 54 adult patients, 4 had measurable CNS metastases at baseline as assessed by BICR and had not received radiation therapy to the brain within 2 months of study entry. Responses in intracranial lesions were observed in 3 of these 4 patients.

The pharmacokinetics for entrectinib and its pharmacologically active major circulating metabolite M5 were characterized in adult patients with ROS1-positive NSCLC, NTRK gene fusion-positive solid tumors, and healthy subjects. The pharmacokinetics of entrectinib and M5 are linear and are not dose-dependent or time-dependent. Steady state is achieved within one week for entrectinib and two weeks for M5 following daily administration of ROZLYTREK. The pharmacokinetic parameters for entrectinib and M5 are described in Table 10.

Table 10: Pharmacokinetic Parameters for Entrectinib and Metabolite M5

Absorption

The maximum entrectinib plasma concentration was reached 4 – 6 hours after oral administration of a 600 mg dose.

Effect of Food

A high-fat (approximately 50% of total caloric content), high-calorie (approximately 800 to 1000 calories) meal did not have a significant effect on entrectinib exposure.

Distribution

Entrectinib and its active major metabolite M5 are both > 99% bound to human plasma proteins in vitro.

The estimated apparent volume of distribution (V/F) was 551 L and 81.1 L for entrectinib and M5, respectively.   

Elimination

The estimated apparent clearance (CL/F) was 19.6 L/h and 52.4 L/h for entrectinib and M5, respectively. The elimination half-lives of entrectinib and M5 were estimated to be 20 and 40 hours, respectively.

Metabolism

Entrectinib is metabolized primarily by CYP3A4 (~76%). The active metabolite M5 (formed by CYP3A4) is the only major active circulating metabolite identified. M5 has similar pharmacological potency to entrectinib in vitro and circulating M5 exposures at steady-state in patients were 40% of the corresponding entrectinib exposure.

Excretion

Following oral administration of a single oral dose of [¹⁴C]-labeled entrectinib, 83% of radioactivity was excreted in feces (36% of the dose as unchanged entrectinib and 22% as M5) with minimal excretion in urine (3%).

Specific Populations

No clinically significant differences in the pharmacokinetics of entrectinib were observed based on age (12 years to 86 years), sex, race (White, Asian and Black), body weight (32 to 130 kg), mild to moderate renal impairment (CLcr 30 to < 90 mL/min) and mild hepatic impairment (total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 times ULN). The impact of moderate to severe hepatic impairment or severe renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics of entrectinib is unknown.

Pediatric Patients

The predicted systemic exposures for body surface area-based doses of 600 mg (BSA > 1.50 m²), 500 mg (BSA of 1.11 to 1.50 m²) and 400 mg (BSA of 0.91 to 1.10 m²) in pediatric patients 12 years and older are comparable to the exposure in adults at the 600 mg dose [see Fertility, pregnancy and lactation (4.6)].

Drug Interaction Studies

Clinical Studies

Effect of CYP3A Inhibitors on Entrectinib: Coadministration of itraconazole (a strong CYP3A inhibitor) with a single 100 mg ROZLYTREK dose increased entrectinib AUC_0-INF by 6-fold and C_max by 1.7-fold [see Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction (4.5)]. Coadministration of a moderate CYP3A inhibitor with ROZLYTREK is predicted to increase entrectinib AUC_0-Tau by 3-fold and C_max by 2.9-fold.

Effect of CYP3A Inducers on Entrectinib: Coadministration of rifampin (a strong CYP3A inducer) with a single 600 mg ROZLYTREK dose reduced entrectinib AUC_0-INF by 77% and C_max by 56% [see Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction (4.5)]. Coadministration of a moderate CYP3A inducer with ROZLYTREK is predicted to reduce entrectinib AUC_0-Tau by 56% and C_max by 43%.

Effect of Gastric Acid Reducing Drugs on Entrectinib: Coadministration of a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), lansoprazole with a single 600 mg ROZLYTREK dose reduced entrectinib AUC by 25% and C_max by 23%.

Effect of Entrectinib on CYP Substrates: Coadministration of ROZLYTREK 600 mg once daily with oral midazolam (a sensitive CYP3A substrate) in patients increased the midazolam AUC by 50% but reduced midazolam C_max by 21% [see Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction (4.5)].

Effect of Entrectinib on Transporters: Coadministration of a single 600 mg ROZLYTREK dose with digoxin [a sensitive P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate] increased digoxin C_max by 28% and AUC by 18%.

In Vitro Studies

Entrectinib is not a substrate of P-gp or BCRP, but M5 is a substrate of P-gp and BCRP. Entrectinib and M5 are not substrates of OATP1B1 or OATP1B3.

Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility:

Carcinogenicity studies were not conducted with entrectinib. Entrectinib was not mutagenic in vitro in the bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) assay; however, an in vitro assay in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes did demonstrate a potential for abnormal chromosome segregation (aneugenicity). Entrectinib was not clastogenic or aneugenic in the in vivo micronucleus assay in rats and did not induce DNA damage in a comet assay in rats. 

Dedicated fertility studies were not conducted with entrectinib. With the exception of dose-dependent decreases in prostate weight in male dogs, there were no effects on male and female reproductive organs observed in general toxicology studies conducted in rats and dogs at doses resulting in exposures of up to approximately 3.2 fold the human exposure (AUC) at the 600 mg dose.

Inactive ingredients are tartaric acid, lactose anhydrous, hypromellose, crospovidone, microcrystalline cellulose, colloidal silicon dioxide, and magnesium stearate.

Not applicable.

Store below 30°C (86°F).

·         100 mg hard capsules: Size 2 yellow opaque, with “ENT 100” printed in blue ink; available in:

          HDPE bottles of 30 capsules: NDC 50242-091-30

·         200 mg hard capsules: Size 0 orange opaque, with “ENT 200” printed in blue ink; available in:

          HDPE bottles of 90 capsules: NDC 50242-094-90

Not all pack sizes may be marketed.

No special requirements.