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نشرة الممارس الصحي نشرة معلومات المريض بالعربية نشرة معلومات المريض بالانجليزية صور الدواء بيانات الدواء
  SFDA PIL (Patient Information Leaflet (PIL) are under review by Saudi Food and Drug Authority)

Alunbrig contains the active substance brigatinib, a type of cancer medicine called a kinase inhibitor. Alunbrig is used to treat adults with advanced stages of a lung cancer called non‑small cell lung cancer. It is given to patients whose lung cancer is related to an abnormal form of a gene called anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK).

 

How Alunbrig works

 

The abnormal gene produces a protein known as a kinase that stimulates the growth of the cancer cells. Alunbrig blocks the action of this protein and thus slows down the growth and spread of the cancer.


Do not take Alunbrig:

 

·                     if you are allergic to brigatinib or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6).

 

Warnings and precautions

 

Talk to your doctor before taking Alunbrig or during treatment if you have:

 

·                lung or breathing problems

Lung problems, some severe, are more frequent within the first 7 days of treatment. Symptoms may be similar to symptoms from lung cancer. Tell your doctor of any new or worsening symptoms including breathing discomfort, shortness of breath, chest pain, cough and fever.

·                high blood pressure

·                a slow heartbeat (bradycardia)

·                vision disturbance

Inform your doctor of any visual disturbance that occurs during treatment, such as seeing flashes of light, blurry vision or light hurting your eyes.

·                muscle problems

Report any unexplained muscle pain, tenderness or weakness to your doctor.

·                pancreas problems

·                liver problems

·                high blood sugar

 

Tell your doctor if you have kidney problems or you are on dialysis.

 

Your doctor may need to adjust your treatment or stop Alunbrig temporarily or permanently. See also the beginning of section 4.

 

Children and adolescents

 

Alunbrig has not been studied in children or adolescents. Treatment with Alunbrig is not recommended in persons under 18 years of age.

 

Other medicines and Alunbrig

 

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking, have recently taken or might take any other medicines.

 

The following medicines can affect or be affected by Alunbrig:

·                ketoconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole: medicines to treat fungal infections

·                indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir: medicines to treat HIV infection

·                clarithromycin, telithromycin, troleandomycin: medicines to treat bacterial infections

·                mibefradil: a medicine to treat irregular heart rhythm and high blood pressure

·                nefazodone: a medicine to treat depression

·                St. John’s wort: a herbal product used to treat depression

·                carbamazepine: a medicine to treat epilepsy, euphoric/depressive episodes and certain pain conditions

·                phenobarbital, phenytoin: medicines to treat epilepsy

·                rifabutin, rifampicin: medicines to treat tuberculosis or certain other infections

·                digoxin: a medicine to treat heart problems

·                dabigatran: a medicine to inhibit blood clotting

·                colchicine: a medicine to treat gout attacks

·                pravastatin, rosuvastatin: medicines to lower elevated cholesterol levels

·                methotrexate: a medicine to treat severe joint inflammation, cancer and the skin disease psoriasis

·                sulfasalazine: a medicine to treat severe bowel and rheumatic joint inflammation

·                efavirenz, etravirine: medicines to treat HIV infection

·                modafinil: a medicine to treat narcolepsy

·                bosentan: a medicine to treat pulmonary hypertension

·                nafcillin: a medicine to treat bacterial infections

·                alfentanil, fentanyl: medicines to treat pain

·                quinidine: a medicine to treat irregular heart rhythm

·                cyclosporine, sirolimus, tacrolimus: medicines to suppress the immune system

 

Alunbrig with food and drink

 

Avoid any grapefruit products during treatment as they may change the amount of brigatinib in your body.

 

Pregnancy

 

Alunbrig is not recommended during pregnancy unless the benefit outweighs the risk to the baby. If you are pregnant or think you may be pregnant or are planning to have a baby, talk to your doctor to discuss the risks of taking Alunbrig during pregnancy.

 

Women of childbearing age being treated with Alunbrig should avoid becoming pregnant. Effective non‑hormonal contraception must be used during treatment and for 4 months after stopping Alunbrig. Ask your doctor about the birth control methods that may be right for you.

 

Breast‑feeding

 

Do not breast‑feed during treatment with Alunbrig. It is unknown if brigatinib passes into breast milk and could potentially harm the baby.

 

Fertility

 

Men receiving treatment with Alunbrig are advised not to father a child during treatment and to use effective contraception during treatment and for 3 months after stopping.

 

Driving and using machines

 

Alunbrig may cause visual disturbances, dizziness or tiredness. Do not drive or use machines during treatment if such signs occur.

 

Alunbrig contains lactose

 

If you have been told by your doctor that you have an intolerance to some sugars, contact your doctor before taking this medicine.


Always take this medicine exactly as your doctor or pharmacist has told you. Check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure.

 

The recommended dose is

 

One 90 mg tablet once daily for the first 7 treatment days; thereafter, one 180 mg tablet once daily.

Do not change the dose without talking to your doctor. Your doctor may adjust your dose according to your needs and this may require use of a 30 mg tablet to achieve the new recommended dose.

 

 

Treatment initiation pack

 

At the beginning of your treatment with Alunbrig your doctor may prescribe a treatment initiation pack.

Method of use

 

·                Take Alunbrig once daily at the same time each day.

·                Swallow the tablets whole, with a glass of water. Do not crush or dissolve the tablets.

·                The tablets can be taken with or without food.

·                If you vomit after taking Alunbrig, do not take any more tablets until your next scheduled dose.

 

Do not swallow the desiccant canister contained in the bottle.

 

If you take more Alunbrig than you should

 

Tell your doctor or pharmacist right away if you have taken more tablets than recommended.

 

If you forget to take Alunbrig

 

Do not take a double dose to make up for a forgotten dose. Take your next dose at your regular time.

 

If you stop taking Alunbrig

 

Do not stop taking Alunbrig before talking to your doctor.

 

If you have any further questions on the use of this medicine, ask your doctor or pharmacist.


Like all medicines, this medicine can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.

 

Tell your doctor or pharmacist immediately if you have any of the following serious side effects:

 

Very common (may affect more than 1 in 10 people):

·                high blood pressure

Tell your doctor if you get headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, chest pain or shortness of breath.

·                vision problems

Tell your doctor if you experience any visual disturbances, such as seeing flashes of light, blurry vision or light hurting eyes. Your doctor may stop Alunbrig treatment and refer you to an ophthalmologist.

·               increased blood level of creatine phosphokinase in tests – may indicate muscle damage, such as of the heart. Tell your doctor if you have any unexplained muscle pain, tenderness or weakness.

·                increased blood levels of amylase or lipase in tests – may indicate inflammation of the pancreas

Tell your doctor if you have upper abdominal pain, including abdominal pain that gets worse with eating and may spread to the back, weight loss or nausea.

·                increased blood levels of liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase) in tests ‑may indicate liver cell damage. Tell your doctor if you have pain on the right side of your stomach area, yellowing of your skin or the whites of your eyes, or dark urine.

·               increased blood sugar

Tell your doctor if you are feeling very thirsty, need to urinate more than usual, feeling very hungry, sick to your stomach, weak or tired, or confused.

 

Common (may affect up to 1 in 10 people):

·                lung inflammation

Tell your doctor if you have any new or worsening lung or breathing problems, including chest pain, cough, and fever, especially within the first week of taking Alunbrig, as they may be a sign of serious lung problems.

·                slow heartbeat

Tell your doctor if you have chest pain or discomfort, changes in heartbeat, dizziness, light‑headedness or fainting.

See also section 2, “Warnings and precautions”.

 

Other possible side effects are:

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you notice any of the following side effects

 

Very common (may affect more than 1 in 10 people):

·                lung infection (pneumonia)

·                cold‑like symptoms (upper respiratory tract infection)

·                reduced number of red blood cells (anaemia)

·                reduced number of white blood cells, called neutrophils and lymphocytes, in blood tests

·                increased blood clotting time shown by test of activated partial thromboplastin time

·                low platelet counts in blood tests, which may increase the risk of bleeding and bruising

·                increased blood level of insulin

·                reduced blood level of phosphorus

·                decreased appetite

·                reduced blood level of potassium

·                reduced blood level of magnesium

·                reduced blood level of sodium

·                increased blood level of calcium

·                difficulty sleeping (insomnia)

·                headache

·                symptoms such as numbness, tingling, prickling sensation, weakness or pain in hands or feet (peripheral neuropathy)

·                dizziness

·                cough

·                shortness of breath

·                nausea

·                diarrhoea

·                vomiting

·                constipation

·                abdominal (belly) pain

·                dry mouth

·                inflammation of the mouth and lips (stomatitis)

·                increased blood level of the enzyme alkaline phosphatase – may indicate organ malfunction or injury

·                rash

·                skin itching

·                joint or muscle pain

·                musculoskeletal chest pain

·                increased blood level of creatinine – may indicate reduced kidney function

·                fatigue

·                tissue swelling caused by excess fluid

·                fever

 

Common (may affect up to 1 in 10 people):

·                memory impairment

·                change in sense of taste

·                rapid heartbeat (tachycardia)

·                abnormal electrical activity of the heart (prolonged electrocardiogram QT interval)

·                palpitations

·                indigestion

·                flatulence

·                increased blood level of lactate dehydrogenase – may indicate tissue breakdown

·                increased blood level of bilirubin

·                dry skin

·                sensitivity to sunlight

·                pain in arms and legs

·                muscle and joint stiffness

·                pain

·                chest pain and discomfort

·                weight loss

 

Uncommon (may affect up to 1 in 100 people)

·                inflammation of pancreas which may cause severe and persistent stomach pain, with or without nausea and vomiting (pancreatitis)

 

Reporting of side effects

If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. By reporting side effects you can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine.


Store below 30°C.

 

Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of children.

 

Do not use this medicine after the expiry date which is stated on either the bottle label or blister and carton after EXP. The expiry date refers to the last day of that month.

 

Do not throw away any medicines via waste water or household waste. Ask your pharmacist how to throw away medicines you no longer use. These measures will help protect the environment.


Each 180 mg film‑coated tablet contains 180 mg brigatinib.

·                The other excipients are lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium starch glycolate (type A), silica colloidal hydrophobic, magnesium stearate, talc, macrogol, polyvinyl alcohol, and titanium dioxide.

 

 


Alunbrig film coated tablets are white to off white, oval (90 mg and 180 mg) or round (30 mg). They are convex on the upper and lower side. Alunbrig 30 mg: • Each 30 mg tablet contains 30 mg brigatinib. • The film coated tablets are approximately 7 mm in diameter with “U3” on one side and plain on the other side. Alunbrig 90 mg: • Each 90 mg tablet contains 90 mg brigatinib. • The film coated tablets are approximately 15 mm long with “U7” on one side and plain on the other side. Alunbrig 180 mg: • Each 180 mg tablet contains 180 mg brigatinib. • The film coated tablets are approximately 19 mm long with “U13” on one side and plain on the other side. Alunbrig is available in plastic foil strips (blisters) packed in a carton with: • Alunbrig 30 mg: 28 film coated tablets • Alunbrig 90 mg: 7 or 28 film coated tablets • Alunbrig 180 mg: 28 film coated tablets Not all pack sizes may be marketed.

Takeda Pharma A/S

Dybendal Alle 10

2630 Taastrup

Denmark

Penn Pharmaceutical Services Limited

Units 23‑24

Tafarnaubach Industrial Estate

Gwent

Tredegar

NP22 3AA

United Kingdom

 

Batch Releaser:

 

Takeda Austria GmbH

St. Peter‑Strasse 25

4020 Linz

Austria

 


This leaflet was last revised in Jan 2020.
  نشرة الدواء تحت مراجعة الهيئة العامة للغذاء والدواء (اقرأ هذه النشرة بعناية قبل البدء في استخدام هذا المنتج لأنه يحتوي على معلومات مهمة لك)

يحتوي دواء ألونبريغ على المادة الفعَّالة بريجاتينيب، وهي نوع من أدوية السرطان تُسمى مُثبطَات الكينيز، ويُستخدَم ألونبريغ لعلاج البالغين ممن يُعانون من سرطان الرئة في مراحل مُتقدِّمَة، ويُسمى سرطان الرئة غير صغير الخلايا. يُعطى هذا الدواء للمرضى ممن يرتبط سرطان الرئة لديهم بشكل غير طبيعي بالجين المُسمى بورم الغدد اليمفاوية الكشمي الكينيزي (ALK).

كيف يعمل دواء دواء ألونبريغ

ينتج الجين الشاذ بروتينًا يُسمى الكينيز الذي يُحفِّز نمو الخلايا السرطانيَّة، ويعمل ألونبريغ على عرقلة عمل هذا البروتين وبالتالي يُثبِّط نمو السرطان وانتشاره.

لا تتناول دواء ألونبريغ:

-         إذا كانت لديك حساسية من ألونبريغ أو أي من المكوِّنَات الأخرى لهذا الدواء (المُدْرَجَة في القسم 6).

 

 

المحاذير والاحتياطات

تحدَّث مع طبيبك قبل أو أثناء العلاج بدواء ألونبريغ إذا كنت تُعاني من:

·         مُشكلات في التنفس أو الرئتين.

·         تحدث مشكلات في الرئة – بعضها شديد – بصورة أكثر تكرارًا خلال السبعة أيام الأولى من العلاج، وقد تكون الأعراض مًشابهة لأعراض سرطان الرئة. أخبر طبيبك عن أي أعراض جديدة أو مُتفاقمة بما في ذلك عدم الارتياح أثناء التنفس، وضيق التنفس، وألم الصدر، والسُعال، والحُمى.

·         ضغط الدم المرتفع.

·         بطء نبضات القلب (بطء القلب).

·         اضطرابات الرؤية.

أخبِر طبيبك بأي اضطراب بصري يحدث أثناء العلاج مثل رؤية ومضات ضوئية، أو رؤية ضبابيَّة، أو ضوء يضر بعينيك.

·         مشكلات في العضلات.

أخبِر طبيبك عن أي مشاكل آلام أو ليونة أو ضعف بالعضلات لا يُعرف سببها.

·         مشكلات في البنكرياس.

·         مشكلات في الكبد.

·         ارتفاع نسبة السكر في الدم.

أخبِر طبيبك إذا كنت تعاني من مشكلات في الكليتين أو إذا كنت تخضع لغسيل كُلَوي.

قد يكون طبيبك بحاجة إلى ضبط علاجك أو إيقاف ألونبريغ بصورة مؤقتة أو دائمة. انظر أيضًا بداية القسم 4.

الأطفال والمراهقين:

لم يُختَبَر دواء ألونبريغ على الأطفال أو المراهقين، ولا يُنصَح بالعلاج باستخدام دواء ألونبريغ في الأشخاص ممن تقل أعمارهم عن 18 عامًا.

ألونبريغ وأدوية أخرى:

أخبِر طبيبك إذا كنت تأخذ أي أدوية أخرى أو أخذتها مؤخَّرًا أو من المُحتمَل أن تأخذها.

الأدوية التالية يمكن أن تؤثر أو تتأثر بالألونبريغ:

·         الكيتوكونازول، الإيتراكونازول، الفوركونازول: أدوية لعلاج الالتهابات الفطرية.

·         الإندينافير، النلفينافير، الريتونافير، الاسكوينافير: أدوية لعلاج فيروس العوز المناعي البشري.

·         الكلاريثروميسن، اليليثروميسين، الترولياندوميسين: أدوية لعلاج الالتهابات البكتيرية.

·         الميبيفراديل: دواء لعلاج عدم انتظام ضربات القلب وارتفاع ضغط الدم.

·         النيفازودون: دواء لعالج الاكتئاب.

·         نبتة القديس يوحنا: وهي مُنتَج عُشبي يُستخدم لعلاج الاكتئاب.

·         الكاربامازيبين: وهو دواء لعلاج نوبات الصرع والنشوة/الاكتئاب وبعض حالات الألم.

·         الفينوباربيتال، الفينيتوين: أدوية لعلاج الصرع.

·         الريفابوتين، والريفامبيسين: أدوية لعلاج السل أو غيرها من الإصابات.

·         الديجوكسين: لعلاج مُشكلات القلب.

·         الدبياغاتران: دواء لمنع تخثُّر الدم.

·         الكولشيسين: دواء لعلاج نوبات النُقرُص.

·         البرافاستاتين، الروسوفاستاتين: أدوية لخفض مستويات الكوليسترول المرتفعة.

·         الميثوتريكسيت: دواء لعلاج التهاب المفاصل الحاد والسرطان والصدفية وأمراض الجلد.

·         السلفاسالازين: دواء لعلاج التهاب الأمعاء والتهاب المفاصل الروماتيزمي الحاد.

·         الإيفافرينيز، الإيترافيرين: أدوية لعلاج فيروس العوز المناعي البشري.

·         المودافينيل: دواء لعلاج الخدار.

·         البوسنتان: دواء لعلاج ارتفاع ضغط الدم الرئوي.

·         النافسيلين: دواء لعلاج الالتهابات البكتيريَّة.

·         ألفانتانيل: وفنتانيل: أدوية لعلاج الألم.

·         الكينيدين: دواء لعلاج عدم انتظام ضرابات القلب.

·         السيكلوسبورين، السيروليموس، التاكروليموس: أدوية لتثبيط الجهاز المناعي.

الألونبريغ مع الطعام والشراب:

تجنَّب تناوُل أي مُنتَج من مُنتجات الجريب فروت أثناء العلاج لأنها قد تغيِّر من كميَّة البريجاتينيب في دمك.

الحمل:

 لا يُنصًح بتناول دواء الألونبريغ أثناء الحمل ما لم يتم تغليب الفائدة من تعاطيه على الخطر على الجنين. إذا كنت حاملًا، أو تعتقدين بأنك من المحتمل أن تكونين حاملًا أو تخططين لإنجاب طفل؛ تحدثي إلى طبيبك لمناقشة مخاطر تناول دواء الألونبريغ أثناء الحمل.

ينبغي على النساء في سن الإنجاب ممن يُعالجن بدواء الألونبريغ تجنُّب حدوث الحمل. يتحتَّم استعمال وسائل منع الحمل الفعَّالة وغير الهرمونيَّة خلال العلاج ولمدة 4 شهور بعد توقُّف العلاج بدواء الألونبريغ. اسألي طبيبك عن طُرُق تحديد النسل التي قد تكون ملائمة لكِ.

الرضاعة الطبيعيَّة:

لا ترضعي طفلك رضاعة طبيعيَّة خلال فترة العلاج بدواء الألونبريغ؛ فمن غير المعروف ما إذا كانت مادة البريجاتينيب تنتقل إلى حليب الأم ويمكن أن تسبب ضررًا مُحتملًا للطفل.

الخصوبة:

يُنصَح الرجال ممن يُعالجون بدواء الألونبريغ بعدم محاولة إنجاب طفل أثناء العلاج واستخدام وسائل منع الحمل الفعَّالة خلال العلاج ولمدة 3 شهور بعد توقُّف العلاج.

القيادة واستخدام الآلات:

قد يسبب دواء الألونبريغ الاضطرابات البصريَّة أو الدوخة أو التعب؛ فلا تقود أو تستخدم الآلات أثناء العلاج إذا ظهرت تلك الأعراض.

احتواء الألونبريغ على اللاكتوز:

إذا أخبرك طبيبك بأنك لديك حساسية تجاه بعض السكريات؛ اتصل بطبيبك قبل تعاطي هذا الدواء.

https://localhost:44358/Dashboard

تناول هذا الدواء دائمًا وأبدًا كما أخبرك الطبيب أو الصيدلي، ناقش الأمر مع الطبيب أو الصيدلي إذا كنت مرتابًا في شيء.

الجُرعَة الموصى بها هي:

قرص واحد يحتوي على 90 ملغم مرة واحدة يوميًا خلال أول 7 أيام من العلاج، وبعد ذلك قرص واحد يحتوي على 180 ملغم مرة واحدة يوميًا. لا تغيِّر الجُرعَة دون التحدُّث إلى طبيبك، وقد يكون طبيبك بحاجة إلى ضبط جُرعتَك وفقًا لاحتياجاتك، وقد يتطلَّب هذا الأمر استخدام قرص يحتوي على 30 ملغم لتحقيق الجُرعَة الجديدة الموصى بها.

 

طريقة الاستخدام:

·         تناول دواء ألونبريغ مرة واحدة يوميًّا في الوقت ذاته كل يوم.

·         ابتلع الأقراص بالكامل مع كوب من الماء. لا تسحق الأقراص أو تذيبها.

·         يمكن تناول الأقراص مع الطعام أو دونه.

·         إذا تقيَّأت بعد تناول دواء ألونبريغ؛ لا تتناول أي أقراص أخرى حتى موعد جُرعتك القادمة المُجَدوَلَة.

إذا أخذت جرعة من دواء ألونبريغ أكثر من الجُرعَة الواجب تناولها

 أخبِر طبيبك أو الصيدلي على الفور إذا كنت قد تناولت أقراصًا أكثر من الموصى بتناوُلها.

إذا نسيت تناول دواء ألونبريغ

لا تتناول جُرعَة مُضَاعفَة لتعويض الجُرعَة المنسيَّة، وتناول جُرعتَك التالية في وقتك المُعتَاد.

إذا توقَّفت عن تناول دواء ألونبريغ

لا تتوقَّف عن تعاطي دواء ألونبريغ قبل التحدُّث إلى طبيبك.

وإذا كان لديك أي أسئلة أخرى حول استخدام هذا الدواء؛ اسأل طبيبك أو الصيدلي.

يمكن لهذا الدواء أن يتسبب في إحداث آثار جانبيَّة مثله مثل جميع الأدوية بيد أنها لا تحدث جميع المرضى.

أخبر طبيبك أو الصيدلي على الفور إذا كان لديك أي من الآثار الجانبية الخطيرة التالية:

آثار جانبيَّة شائعة جدًا – (قد تؤثر على أكثر 1 من كل 10 أشخاص) كالآتي:

·         ضغط دم مرتفع.

أخبِر طبيبك إذا كُنت تُعاني من الصداع، أو الدوَّار، أو الرؤية الضبابيَّة، أو ألم في الصدر، أو ضيق في التنفس.

·         مشاكل في الرؤية

أخبِر طبيبك إذا كُنت تعاني من أي اضطرابات بصريَّة مثل رؤية ومضات ضوئية، أو رؤية ضبابيَّة، أو ضوء يضر بعينيك. قد يوقف طبيبك العلاج بألونبريغ، ويحيلك إلى طبيب عيون.

·         قد يشير زيادة مستوى الكيراتين فوسفوكينيز في الدم في الاختبارات إلى تلف العضلات مثل عضلات القلب. أخبر طبيبك إذا كُنت تُعاني من أي ألم غير مُبرر أو ليونة أو ضعف في العضلات.

·         قد تشير زيادة مستويات الأميليز أو الليبيز في الدم في الاختبارات إلى التهاب البنكرياس.

·         أخبِر طبيبَك إذا كُنت تُعاني من ألم في المنطقة العُليا من البطن بما في ذلك ألم البطن الذي يزداد سوءا مع الأكل وربما ينتشر إلى الظهر أو فقدان الوزن أو الغثيان.

·         قد تشير زيادة مستويات إنزيمات الكبد في الدم في الاختبارات (أسبارتات أمينوترانسفيريز، وألانين أمينوترانسفيريز) إلى تلف خلايا الكبد. أخبِر طبيبك إذا كُنت تُعاني من تلف في الجانب الأيمن من منطقة المعدة لديك، أو اصفرار بشرتك، أو ابيضاض عينيك، أو تحول لون البول لديك إلى لون قاتم.

·         زيادة مستوى السكر في الدم.

أخبِر طبيبَك إذا كُنت تشعر بالعطش الشديد، أو بحاجة إلى التبوُّل أكثر من المُعتاد، أو الشعور بالجوع الشديد، أو تشعر بعلة في معدتك أو ضعيف أو مُتعَب أو مشوَّش.

آثار جانبيَّة شائعة جدًا – (قد تؤثر على ما يصل إلى 1 من كل 10 أشخاص) كالآتي:

التهاب الرئتين:

·         أخبِر طبيبَك إذا كُنت تُعاني من أي مُشكلات جديدة أو مُتفاقمة في الرئتين أو التنفس بما في ذلك آلام الصدر والسعال والحُمى وخصوصًا خلال الأسبوع الأول من العلاج بدواء ألونبريغ لأنها قد تكون إشارة إلى وجود مُشكلات خطيرة في الرئتين.

·         بطء ضربات القلب

أخبِر طبيبَك إذا كان لديك ألم في الصدر أو الإحساس بعدم الارتياح أو تغيُّر في ضربات القلب أو دوخة أو دوَّار أو إغماء.

انظر أيضًا القسم 2 "التحذيرات والاحتياطات"

آثار جانبيَّة شائعة جدًا – (قد تؤثر على أكثر من 10 أشخاص) كالآتي:

·         التهاب الرئة (الالتهاب الرئوي).

·         الأعراض الشبيهة بنزلات البرد (عدوى الجهاز التنفسي العلوي).

·         انخفاض عدد خلايا الدم الحمراء (فقر الدم).

·         انخفاض عدد خلايا الدم البيضاء التي تسمى العدلات والخلايا اللمفاوية في اختبارات الدم.

·         زيادة وقت تخثُّر الدم كما هو موضح باختبار زمن الثرومبوبلاستين الجزئي المنشط.

·         انخفاض عدد الصفائح الدموية في اختبارات الدم مما قد يزيد من خطر النزيف والكدمات.

·         زيادة مستوى الأنسولين في الدم.

·         انخفاض مستوى الدم من الفوسفور.

·         قلة الشهيَّة.

·         انخفاض مستوى الدم من البوتاسيوم.

·          انخفاض مستوى الدم من المغنيسيوم.

·         انخفاض مستوى الدم من الصوديوم.

·         زيادة مستوى الكالسيوم في الدم.

·         صعوبة النوم (الأرق).

·         الصداع.

·         أعراض مثل الإحساس بالخدر أو التنميل أو الإحساس بالوخز أو آلام في اليدين أو القدمين (الاعتلال العصبي المحيطي).

·         الدوخة.

·         السُعال.

·         ضيق التنفس.

·         الإسهال.

·         الغثيان.

·         التقيؤ.

·         الإمساك.

·         آلام في البطن.

·         جفاف الفم.

·         التهاب الفم والشفتين (التهاب الفم).

·         زيادة مستوى إنزيم الفوسفايز القلوي في الدم الأمر الذي يشير إلى وجود خلل في الأعضاء أو حدوث إصابة.

·         الطفح الجلدي.

·         الحكة.

·         آلام المفاصل أو العضلات.

·         آلام عضلات الصدر الهيكليَّة.

·         ارتفاع مستوى الكرياتينين في الدم الأمر الذي يشير إلى اضطراب وظائف الكليتين.

·         الإعياء.

·         تورُّم الأنسجة الناجم عن السوائل الزائدة.

·         الحُمى.

آثار جانبيَّة شائعة – (قد تؤثِّر على ما يصل إلى 1 في كل 10 أشخاص):

·         ضعف الذاكرة.

·         تغير فيما يخص حاسة التذوُّق.

·         سرعة نبضات القلب (عدم انتظام ضربات القلب).

·         نشاط كهربي غير طبيعي في القلب (فترة كهربية مطوَّلة للمسافة qt في التخطيط القلبي).

·         خفقان.

·         عُسْر الهضم.

·         الانتفاخ.

·         زيادة لاكتيت الهيدروجينيز في الدم الأمر الذي يشير إلى تلف الأنسجة.

·         زيادة مستوى البلوروبين في الدم.

·         الجلد الجاف.

·         حساسية لضوء الشمس.

·         ألم في الذراعين والقدمين.

·         تصلُّب العضلات والمفاصِل.

·         ألم.

·         ألم في الصدر وعدم الشعور بالراحة.

·         فقدان الوزن.

آثار جانبيَّة غير شائعة – (قد تؤثر على ما يصل إلى 1 في كل 100 شخص) كالآتي:

آلام البنكرياس الأمر الذي قد يسبب ألامًا شديدة في المعدة مع أو دون وجود غثيان وقيء (التهاب البنكرياس).

الإبلاغ عن الآثار الجانبيَّة

إذا أصابتك أي آثار جانبيَّة؛ تحدَّث إلى طبيبك أو الصيدلي، ويشمل ذلك أي آثار جانبيَّة مُحتملَة غير مُدرَجَة في هذه النشرة. يمكنك توفير المزيد من المعلومات حول سلامة هذا الدواء من خلال الإبلاغ عن الآثار الجانبيَّة.

لا تخزِّن الدواء عند درجة حرارة أعلى من 30 درجة مئويَّة.

احتفظ بهذا الدواء بعيدًا عن مرأى ومتناول الأطفال.

لا تستخدم هذا الدواء بعد تاريخ انتهاء الصلاحية المدوَّن على اللاصقة أو الكرتونة بعد انتهاءه، ويشير تاريخ انتهاء الصلاحية إلى اليوم الأخير من هذا الشهر.

لا تتخلَّص من أي أدوية عن طريق مياه الصرف الصحي أو النفايات المنزليَّة. اسأل الصيدلي عن كيفيَّة التخلُّص من الأدوية التي لم تعد تستخدمها، ستساعد هذه التدابير على حماية البيئة.

·         المادة الفعَّالة هي البريجاتينيب

يحتوي كل قرص 30 ملغم مُغلَّف بطبقة رقيقة على 30 ملغم من البريجاتينيب.

يحتوي كل قرص 90 ملغم مُغلَّف بطبقة رقيقة على 90 ملغم من البريجاتينيب.

يحتوي كل قرص 180 ملغم مُغلَّف بطبقة رقيقة على 180 ملغم من البريجاتينيب.

·         وتشمل المكونات الأخرى على اللاكتوز أُحادي الإماهة، السليولوز دقيق البللورات، غليكولات نشا الصوديوم (نوع أ)، السيليكا الغروانية الكارهة للماء، سيترات الماغنسيوم، التلك، الماكروجول، الكحول عديد الفينيل، وثاني أكسيد التيتانيوم.

أقراص ألونبريغ المُغلَّفة لونها من الأبيض إلى الكريمي وبيضاوية الشكل (90 و180 ملغم)، أو دائريَّة الشكل (30 ملغم)، ومحدبة على الجانبين العلوي والسفلي.

ألونبريغ 30 ملغم:

·         يحتوي كل قرص 30 ملغم مُغلَّف على 30 ملغم من البريجاتينيب.

·         يبلُغ قُطر الأقراص المُغلَّفة 7 ملم تقريبًا مع وجود (U3) على جانب واحد، وملساء من الجانب الآخر.

 

ألونبريغ 90 ملغم:

·         يحتوي كل قرص 90 ملغم مُغلَّف على 90 ملغم من البريجاتينيب.

·         يبلُغ طول الأقراص المُغلَّفة 7 ملم تقريبًا مع وجود (U7) على جانب واحد، وملساء من الجانب الآخر.

 

ألونبريغ 180 ملغم:

·         يحتوي كل قرص 180 ملغم مُغلَّف على 180 ملغم من البريجاتينيب.

·         يبلُغ طول الأقراص المُغلَّفة 19 ملم تقريبًا مع وجود (U13) على جانب واحد، وملساء من الجانب الآخر.

 

تتوافر الأقراص في شرائط من البلاستيك المُغطى برقائق معدنية (فقاعية) معبأة في كرتون مع وجود:

·         ألونبريغ 30 ملغم: 28 قرص مُغلَّف.

·         ألونبريغ 90 ملغم: 7 أو 28 قرص مُغلَّف.

·         ألونبريغ 180 ملغم: 28 قرص مُغلَّف.

قد لا يُجرى تسويق جميع العبوَّات بجميع الأحجام.

                                                                                                                     Takeda Pharma A/S

Dybendal Alle 10

2630 Taastrup

Denmark

                        

المُصنِّع:

Penn Pharmaceutical Services Ltd.

 Units 23-24 Tafarnaubach Industrial Estate

Tafarnaubach, Tredegar

NP22 3AA, United Kingdom (GBR)

 

موقع التعبئة والتغليف والافراج النهائي:

Takeda Austria GmbH

St. Peter‑Strasse 25

4020 Linz

Austria

تمت مراجعة هذه النشرة آخر مرة في يناير 2020.
 Read this leaflet carefully before you start using this product as it contains important information for you

Alunbrig 30 mg film coated tablets

Alunbrig 30 mg film coated tablets Each film coated tablet contains 30 mg of brigatinib. Excipient with known effect Each film coated tablet contains 56 mg of lactose monohydrate.

Alunbrig 30 mg film coated tablets Round, white to off white film coated tablet of approximately 7 mm in diameter with debossed “U3” on one side and plain on the other side.

Alunbrig is indicated as monotherapy for the treatment of adult patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‑positive advanced non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) previously treated with crizotinib.


Treatment with Alunbrig should be initiated and supervised by a physician experienced in the use of anticancer medicinal products.

 

ALK‑positive NSCLC status should be known prior to initiation of Alunbrig therapy. A validated ALK assay is necessary for the selection of ALK‑positive NSCLC patients (see section 5.1). Assessment for ALK‑positive NSCLC should be performed by laboratories with demonstrated proficiency in the specific technology being utilised.

 

Posology

 

The recommended starting dose of Alunbrig is 90 mg once daily for the first 7 days, then 180 mg once daily.

 

If Alunbrig is interrupted for 14 days or longer for reasons other than adverse reactions, treatment should be resumed at 90 mg once daily for 7 days before increasing to the previously tolerated dose.

 

If a dose is missed or vomiting occurs after taking a dose, an additional dose should not be administered and the next dose should be taken at the scheduled time.

 

Treatment should continue as long as clinical benefit is observed.

 

Dose adjustments

 

Dosing interruption and/or dose reduction may be required based on individual safety and tolerability.

 

Alunbrig dose modification levels are summarised in Table 1.

 

Table 1: Recommended Alunbrig dose reduction levels

Dose

Dose reduction levels

First

Second

Third

90 mg once daily

(first 7 days)

reduce to 60 mg once daily

permanently discontinue

not applicable

180 mg once daily

reduce to 120 mg once daily

reduce to 90 mg once daily

reduce to 60 mg once daily

 

Alunbrig should be permanently discontinued if patient is unable to tolerate the 60 mg once daily dose.

 

Recommendations for dose modifications of Alunbrig for the management of adverse reactions are summarised in Table 2.

 

Table 2: Recommended Alunbrig dose modifications for adverse reactions

Adverse reaction

Severity*

Dose modification

Interstitial lung disease (ILD)/pneumonitis

Grade 1

·           If event occurs during the first 7 days of treatment, Alunbrig should be withheld until recovery to baseline, then resumed at same dose level and not escalated to 180 mg once daily.

·           If ILD/pneumonitis occurs after the first 7 days of treatment, Alunbrig should be withheld until recovery to baseline, then resumed at same dose level.

·           If ILD/pneumonitis recurs, Alunbrig should be permanently discontinued.

Grade 2

·           If ILD/pneumonitis occurs during the first 7 days of treatment, Alunbrig should be withheld until recovery to baseline, then resumed at next lower dose level as described in Table 1 and not escalated to 180 mg once daily.

·           If ILD/pneumonitis occurs after the first 7 days of treatment, Alunbrig should be withheld until recovery to baseline. Alunbrig should be resumed at next lower dose level as described in Table 1.

·           If ILD/pneumonitis recurs, Alunbrig should be permanently discontinued.

Grade 3 or 4

·          Alunbrig should be permanently discontinued.

Hypertension

Grade 3 hypertension
(SBP ≥ 160 mmHg or DBP ≥ 100 mmHg, medical intervention indicated, more than one anti‑hypertensive medicinal product, or more intensive therapy than previously used indicated)

·          Alunbrig should be withheld until hypertension has recovered to Grade ≤ 1 (SBP < 140 mmHg and DBP < 90 mmHg), then resumed at same dose.

·          If Grade 3 hypertension recurs, Alunbrig should be withheld until hypertension has recovered to Grade ≤ 1 then resumed at the next lower dose level per Table 1 or permanently discontinued

Grade 4 hypertension
(life threatening consequences, urgent intervention indicated)

·           Alunbrig should be withheld until hypertension has recovered to Grade ≤ 1 (SBP < 140 mmHg and DBP < 90 mmHg), then resumed at the next lower dose level per Table 1 or permanently discontinued.

·           If Grade 4 hypertension recurs, Alunbrig should be permanently discontinued.

Bradycardia (HR less than 60 bpm)

Symptomatic bradycardia

·           Alunbrig should be withheld until recovery to asymptomatic bradycardia or to a resting heart rate of 60 bpm or above.

·           If a concomitant medicinal product known to cause bradycardia is identified and discontinued, or its dose is adjusted, Alunbrig should be resumed at same dose upon recovery to asymptomatic bradycardia or to a resting heart rate of 60 bpm or above.

·           If no concomitant medicinal product known to cause bradycardia is identified, or if contributing concomitant medications are not discontinued or dose modified, Alunbrig should be resumed at the next lower dose level per Table 1 upon recovery to asymptomatic bradycardia or to a resting heart rate of 60 bpm or above.

Bradycardia with life‑threatening consequences, urgent intervention indicated

·           If contributing concomitant medicinal product is identified and discontinued, or its dose is adjusted, Alunbrig should be resumed at the next lower dose level per Table 1 upon recovery to asymptomatic bradycardia or to a resting heart rate of 60 bpm or above, with frequent monitoring as clinically indicated.

·           Alunbrig should be permanently discontinued if no contributing concomitant medicinal product is identified.

·           Alunbrig should be permanently discontinued in case of recurrence.

Elevation of CPK

Grade 3 elevation of CPK (> 5.0 × ULN)

·           Alunbrig should be withheld until recovery to Grade ≤ 1 (≤ 2.5 × ULN) or to baseline, then resumed at the same dose.

·           If Grade 3 elevation of CPK recurs, Alunbrig should be withheld until recovery to Grade ≤ 1 (≤ 2.5 × ULN) or to baseline, then resumed at the next lower dose level per Table 1.

Grade 4 elevation of CPK (> 10.0 × ULN)

·           Alunbrig should be withheld until recovery to Grade ≤ 1 (≤ 2.5 × ULN) or to baseline, then resumed at the next lower dose level per Table 1.

Elevation of lipase or amylase

Grade 3 elevation of lipase or amylase (> 2.0 × ULN)

·           Alunbrig should be withheld until recovery to Grade ≤ 1 (≤ 1.5 × ULN) or to baseline, then resumed at same dose.

·           If Grade 3 elevation of lipase or amylase recurs, Alunbrig should be withheld until recovery to Grade ≤ 1 (≤ 1.5 × ULN) or to baseline, then resumed at the next lower dose level per Table 1.

Grade 4 elevation of lipase or amylase (> 5.0 x ULN)

·           Alunbrig should be withheld until recovery to Grade ≤ 1 (≤ 1.5 × ULN), then resumed at the next lower dose level per Table 1.

Hepatotoxicity

Grade  3 elevation (> 5.0 × ULN) of either alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) with bilirubin £ 2 × ULN

·           Alunbrig should be withheld until recovery to baseline or less than or equal to 3 × ULN, then resumed at next lower dose per Table 1.

 

Grade  2 elevation (> 3 × ULN) of ALT or AST with concurrent total bilirubin elevation 2 × ULN in the absence of cholestasis or haemolysis

·           Alunbrig should be permanently discontinued.

Hyperglycaemia

For Grade 3 (greater than 250 mg/dL or 13.9 mmol/L) or greater

·           If adequate hyperglycaemic control cannot be achieved with optimal medical management, Alunbrig should be withheld until adequate hyperglycaemic control is achieved. Upon recovery, Alunbrig may either be resumed at the next lower dose per Table 1 or permanently discontinued.

Visual Disturbance

Grade 2 or 3

·           Alunbrig should be withheld until recovery to Grade 1 or baseline, then resumed at the next lower dose level per Table 1.

Grade 4

·           Alunbrig should be permanently discontinued.

Other adverse reactions

Grade 3

·           Alunbrig should be withheld until recovery to baseline, then resumed at the same dose level.

·           If the Grade 3 event recurs, Alunbrig should be withheld until recovery to baseline, then resumed at the next lower dose level as per Table 1 or permanently discontinued.

Grade 4

·           Alunbrig should be withheld until recovery to baseline, then resumed at the next lower dose level as per Table 1.

·           If the Grade 4 event recurs, Alunbrig should be withheld until recovery to baseline, then resumed at the next lower dose level as per Table 1 or permanently discontinued.

bpm = beats per minute; CPK = Creatine Phosphokinase; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; HR = heart rate; SBP = systolic blood pressure; ULN = upper limit of normal

*Graded per National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. Version 4.0 (NCI CTCAE v4).

 

Special populations

 

Elderly patients

The limited data on the safety and efficacy of Alunbrig in patients aged 65 years and older suggest that a dose adjustment is not required in elderly patients (see section 4.8). There are no available data on patients over 85 years of age.

 

Hepatic impairment

No dose adjustment of Alunbrig is required for patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child‑Pugh class A) or moderate hepatic impairment (Child‑Pugh class B). A reduced starting dose of 60 mg once daily for the first 7 days, then 120 mg once daily is recommended for patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child‑Pugh class C) (see section 5.2).

 

Renal impairment

No dose adjustment of Alunbrig is required for patients with mild or moderate renal impairment (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 30 mL/min). A reduced starting dose of 60 mg once daily for the first 7 days, then 90 mg once daily is recommended for patients with severe renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min) (see section 5.2). Patients with severe renal impairment should be closely monitored for new or worsening respiratory symptoms that may indicate ILD/pneumonitis (e.g., dyspnoea, cough, etc.) particularly in the first week (see section 4.4).

 

Paediatric population

The safety and efficacy of Alunbrig in patients less than 18 years of age have not been established. No data are available.

 

Method of administration

 

Alunbrig is for oral use. The tablets should be swallowed whole and with water. Alunbrig may be taken with or without food.

 

Grapefruit or grapefruit juice may increase plasma concentrations of brigatinib and should be avoided (see section 4.5).


Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.

Pulmonary adverse reactions

Severe, life‑threatening, and fatal pulmonary adverse reactions, including those with features consistent with ILD/pneumonitis, can occur in patients treated with Alunbrig (see section 4.8).

 

Most pulmonary adverse reactions were observed within the first 7 days of treatment. Grade 1‑2 pulmonary adverse reactions resolved with interruption of treatment or dose modification. Increased age and shorter interval (less than 7 days) between the last dose of crizotinib and the first dose of Alunbrig were independently associated with an increased rate of these pulmonary adverse reactions. These factors should be considered when initiating treatment with Alunbrig. Patients with a history of ILD or drug‑induced pneumonitis were excluded from the pivotal trial.

 

Some patients experienced pneumonitis later in treatment with Alunbrig.

 

Patients should be monitored for new or worsening respiratory symptoms (e.g., dyspnoea, cough, etc.), particularly in the first week of treatment. Evidence of pneumonitis in any patient with worsening respiratory symptoms should be promptly investigated. If pneumonitis is suspected, the dose of Alunbrig should be withheld, and the patient evaluated for other causes of symptoms (e.g., pulmonary embolism, tumour progression, and infectious pneumonia). The dose should be modified accordingly (see section 4.2).

 

Hypertension

Hypertension has occurred in patients treated with Alunbrig (see section 4.8).

 

Blood pressure should be monitored regularly during treatment with Alunbrig. Hypertension should be treated according to standard guidelines to control blood pressure. Heart rate should be monitored more frequently in patients if concomitant use of a medicinal product known to cause bradycardia cannot be avoided. For severe hypertension (≥ Grade 3), Alunbrig should be withheld until hypertension has recovered to Grade 1 or to baseline. The dose should be modified accordingly (see section 4.2).

 

Bradycardia

Bradycardia has occurred in patients treated with Alunbrig (see section 4.8). Caution should be exercised when administering Alunbrig in combination with other agents known to cause bradycardia. Heart rate and blood pressure should be monitored regularly.

 

If symptomatic bradycardia occurs, treatment with Alunbrig should be withheld and concomitant medicinal products known to cause bradycardia should be evaluated. Upon recovery, the dose should be modified accordingly (see section 4.2). In case of life‑threatening bradycardia, if no contributing concomitant medication is identified or in case of recurrence, treatment with Alunbrig should be discontinued (see section 4.2).

 

Visual disturbance

Visual disturbance adverse reactions have occurred in patients treated with Alunbrig (see section 4.8). Patients should be advised to report any visual symptoms. For new or worsening severe visual symptoms, an ophthalmologic evaluation and dose reduction should be considered (see section 4.2).

 

Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) elevation

Elevations of CPK have occurred in patients treated with Alunbrig (see section 4.8). Patients should be advised to report any unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness. CPK levels should be monitored regularly during Alunbrig treatment. Based on the severity of the CPK elevation, treatment with Alunbrig should be withheld, and the dose modified accordingly (see section 4.2).

 

Elevations of pancreatic enzymes

Elevations of amylase and lipase have occurred in patients treated with Alunbrig (see section 4.8). Lipase and amylase should be monitored regularly during treatment with Alunbrig. Based on the severity of the laboratory abnormalities, treatment with Alunbrig should be withheld, and the dose modified accordingly (see section 4.2).

 

Hepatotoxicity

Elevations of hepatic enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase) and bilirubin have occurred in patients treated with Alunbrig (see section 4.8). Liver function, including AST, ALT and total bilirubin should be assessed prior to the initiation of Alunbrig and then every 2 weeks during the first 3 months of treatment. Thereafter, monitoring should be performed periodically. Based on the severity of the laboratory abnormalities, treatment should be withheld, and the dose modified accordingly (see section 4.2).

 

Hyperglycaemia

Elevations of serum glucose have occurred in patients treated with Alunbrig. Fasting serum glucose should be assessed prior to initiation of Alunbrig and monitored periodically thereafter. Antihyperglycaemic treatment should be initiated or optimised as needed. If adequate hyperglycaemic control cannot be achieved with optimal medical management, Alunbrig should be withheld until adequate hyperglycaemic control is achieved; upon recovery reducing the dose as described in Table 1 may be considered or Alunbrig may be permanently discontinued.

 

Drug‑drug interactions

The concomitant use of Alunbrig with strong CYP3A inhibitors should be avoided. If concomitant use of strong CYP3A inhibitors cannot be avoided, the dose of Alunbrig should be reduced from 180 mg to 90 mg, or from 90 mg to 60 mg. After discontinuation of a strong CYP3A inhibitor, Alunbrig should be resumed at the dose that was tolerated prior to the initiation of the strong CYP3A inhibitor.

 

The concomitant use of Alunbrig with strong and moderate CYP3A inducers should be avoided (see section 4.5).

 

Fertility

Women of childbearing potential should be advised to use effective non‑hormonal contraception during treatment with Alunbrig and for at least 4 months following the final dose. Men with female partners of childbearing potential should be advised to use effective contraception during treatment and for at least 3 months after the last dose of Alunbrig (see section 4.6).

 

Lactose

Alunbrig contains lactose monohydrate. Patients with rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, total lactase deficiency or glucose‑galactose malabsorption should not take this medicinal product.

 


Agents that may increase brigatinib plasma concentrations

 

CYP3A inhibitors

In vitro studies demonstrated that brigatinib is a substrate of CYP3A4/5. In healthy subjects, coadministration of multiple 200 mg twice daily doses of itraconazole, a strong CYP3A inhibitor, with a single 90 mg brigatinib dose increased brigatinib Cmax by 21%, AUC0‑INF by 101% (2‑fold), and AUC0‑120 by 82% (< 2‑fold), relative to a 90 mg brigatinib dose administered alone. The concomitant use of strong CYP3A inhibitors with Alunbrig, including but not limited to certain antivirals (e.g., indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir), macrolide antibiotics (e.g., clarithromycin, telithromycin, troleandomycin), antifungals (e.g., ketoconazole, voriconazole), mibefradil, and nefazodone should be avoided. If concomitant use of strong CYP3A inhibitors cannot be avoided, the dose of Alunbrig should be reduced by approximately 50% (i.e. from 180 mg to 90 mg, or from 90 mg to 60 mg). After discontinuation of a strong CYP3A inhibitor, Alunbrig should be resumed at the dose that was tolerated prior to the initiation of the strong CYP3A inhibitor.

 

Moderate CYP3A inhibitors (e.g., diltiazem and verapamil) may increase the AUC of brigatinib by approximately 40% based on simulations from a physiologically‑based pharmacokinetic model. No dose adjustment is required for Alunbrig in combination with moderate CYP3A inhibitors. Patients should be closely monitored when Alunbrig is coadministered with moderate CYP3A inhibitors.

 

Grapefruit or grapefruit juice may also increase plasma concentrations of brigatinib and should be avoided (see section 4.2).

 

CYP2C8 inhibitors

In vitro studies demonstrated that brigatinib is a substrate of CYP2C8. In healthy subjects, coadministration of multiple 600 mg twice daily doses of gemfibrozil, a strong CYP2C8 inhibitor, with a single 90 mg brigatinib dose reduced brigatinib Cmax by 41%, AUC0‑INF by 12%, and AUC0‑120 by 15%, relative to a 90 mg brigatinib dose administered alone. The effect of gemfibrozil on the pharmacokinetics of brigatinib is not clinically meaningful and the underlying mechanism for the decreased exposure of brigatinib is unknown. No dose adjustment is required during coadministration with strong CYP2C8 inhibitors.

 

P‑gp and BCRP inhibitors

Brigatinib is a substrate of P‑glycoprotein (P‑gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in vitro. Given that brigatinib exhibits high solubility and high permeability, inhibition of P‑gp and BCRP is not expected to result in a clinically meaningful change in the systemic exposure of brigatinib. No dose adjustment is required for Alunbrig during coadministration with P‑gp and BCRP inhibitors.

 

Agents that may decrease brigatinib plasma concentrations

 

CYP3A inducers

In healthy subjects, coadministration of multiple 600 mg daily doses of rifampicin, a strong CYP3A inducer, with a single 180 mg brigatinib dose decreased brigatinib Cmax by 60%, AUC0‑INF by 80% (5‑fold), and AUC0‑120 by 80% (5‑fold), relative to a 180 mg brigatinib dose administered alone. The concomitant use of strong CYP3A inducers with Alunbrig, including but not limited to rifampicin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, rifabutin, phenobarbital, and St. John’s wort should be avoided.

 

Moderate CYP3A inducers may decrease the AUC of brigatinib by approximately 50% based on simulations from a physiologically‑based pharmacokinetic model. The concomitant use of moderate CYP3A inducers with Alunbrig, including but not limited to efavirenz, modafinil, bosentan, etravirine, and nafcillin should be avoided.

 

Agents that may have their plasma concentrations altered by brigatinib

 

CYP3A substrates

In vitro studies in hepatocytes have shown that brigatinib is an inducer of CYP3A4. Clinical drug‑drug interaction studies with CYP3A sensitive substrates have not been conducted. Brigatinib may reduce plasma levels of coadministered medicinal products that are predominantly metabolised by CYP3A. Therefore, coadministration of Alunbrig with CYP3A substrates with a narrow therapeutic index (e.g., alfentanil, fentanyl, quinidine, cyclosporine, sirolimus, tacrolimus) should be avoided as their effectiveness may be reduced.

 

Alunbrig may also induce other enzymes and transporters (e.g., CYP2C, P‑gp) via the same mechanisms responsible for induction of CYP3A (e.g., pregnane X receptor activation).

 

Transporter substrates

Coadministration of brigatinib with substrates of P‑gp, (e.g., digoxin, dabigatran, colchicine, pravastatin), BCRP (e.g., methotrexate, rosuvastatin, sulfasalazine), organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1), multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1 (MATE1), and 2K (MATE2K) may increase their plasma concentrations. Patients should be closely monitored when Alunbrig is coadministered with substrates of these transporters with a narrow therapeutic index (e.g., digoxin, dabigatran, methotrexate).


Women of childbearing potential/Contraception in males and females

 

Women of childbearing age being treated with Alunbrig should be advised not to become pregnant and men being treated with Alunbrig should be advised not to father a child during treatment. Women of reproductive potential should be advised to use effective non‑hormonal contraception during treatment with Alunbrig and for at least 4 months following the final dose. Men with female partners of reproductive potential should be advised to use effective contraception during treatment and for at least 3 months after the last dose of Alunbrig.

 

Pregnancy

 

Alunbrig may cause foetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Studies in animals have shown reproductive toxicity (see section 5.3). There are no clinical data on the use of Alunbrig in pregnant women. Alunbrig should not be used during pregnancy unless the clinical condition of the mother requires treatment. If Alunbrig is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this medicinal product, the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to a foetus.

 

Breast‑feeding

 

It is unknown whether Alunbrig is excreted in human milk. Available data cannot exclude potential excretion in human milk. Breast‑feeding should be stopped during treatment with Alunbrig.

 

Fertility

 

No human data on the effect of Alunbrig on fertility are available. Based on repeat‑dose toxicity studies in male animals, Alunbrig may cause reduced fertility in males (see section 5.3). The clinical relevance of these findings to human fertility is unknown.

 


Alunbrig has minor influence on the ability to drive and use machines. However, caution should be exercised when driving or operating machines as patients may experience visual disturbance, dizziness, or fatigue while taking Alunbrig.


Summary of the safety profile

 

The adverse reactions described in this section were identified from two clinical trials:

Study 201 (ALTA): A randomised, open‑label, multicentre trial in patients treated with Alunbrig (N = 219) with ALK+ NSCLC who previously progressed on crizotinib. Patients were randomised in a 1:1 ratio to receive Alunbrig either 90 mg once daily continuously (90 mg regimen) or 180 mg once daily with 7‑day lead‑in at 90 mg once daily (180 mg regimen).

Study 101: An open‑label multicentre phase 1/2 dose escalation/expansion trial in patients with advanced malignancies.

 

The most common adverse reactions (≥ 25%) reported in patients treated with Alunbrig at the recommended dosing regimen were increased AST, hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, anaemia, increased CPK, nausea, increased lipase, decreased lymphocyte count, increased ALT, diarrhoea, increased amylase, fatigue, cough, headache, increased alkaline phosphatase, hypophosphataemia, increased APTT, rash, vomiting, dyspnoea, hypertension, decreased white blood cell count, myalgia, and peripheral neuropathy.

 

The most common serious adverse reactions (≥ 2%) reported in patients treated with Alunbrig at the recommended dosing regimen other than events related to neoplasm progression were pneumonitis, pneumonia, and dyspnoea.

 

Tabulated list of adverse reactions

 

Adverse reactions reported in ALTA and Study 101 at the recommended dosing regimen are presented in Table 3 and are listed by system organ class, preferred term and frequency. Frequency categories are very common (≥ 1/10), common (≥ 1/100 to < 1/10) and uncommon (≥ 1/1,000 to < 1/100). Within each frequency grouping, undesirable effects are presented in order of frequency.

 

Table 3: Adverse reactions reported in patients treated with Alunbrig in ALTA and Study 101 (per Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0)

System organ class

Frequency

category

Adverse reactions

all grades

Adverse reactions

Grade 3‑4

Infections and infestations

Very common

Pneumoniaa

Upper respiratory tract infection

 

 

Common

 

Pneumoniaa

Blood and lymphatic system disorders

Very common

Anaemia

Lymphocyte count decreased

APTT increased

White blood cell count decreased

Neutrophil count decreased

Decreased platelet count

Lymphocyte count decreased

Common

 

APTT increased

Anaemia

Neutrophil count decreased

Metabolism and nutrition disorders

Very common

Hyperglycaemia

Hyperinsulinaemiab

Hypophosphataemia

Decreased appetite

Hypokalaemia

Hypomagnesaemia

Hyponatraemia

Hypercalcaemia

 

Common

 

Hypophosphataemia

Hyperglycaemia

Hyponatraemia

Hypokalaemia

Decreased appetite

Psychiatric disorders

Very common

Insomnia

 

Nervous system disorders

Very common

Headachec

Peripheral neuropathyd

Dizziness

 

Common

Memory impairment

Dysgeusia

Peripheral neuropathyd

Headachec

Eye disorders

Very common

Visual disturbancee

 

 

Common

 

Visual disturbancee

Cardiac disorders

Common

Tachycardiaf

Electrocardiogram QT prolonged

Bradycardiag

Palpitations

 

Uncommon

 

Electrocardiogram QT prolonged

Vascular disorders

Very Common

Hypertension

Hypertension

Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders

Very Common

Cough

Dyspnoeah

 

Common

Pneumonitisi

Pneumonitisi

Dyspnoeah

Gastrointestinal disorders

Very common

Lipase increased

Nausea

Diarrhoeaj

Amylase increased

Vomiting

Constipation

Abdominal paink

Dry mouth

Stomatitisl

Lipase increased

 

Common

Dyspepsia

Flatulence

Amylase increased

Abdominal paink

Uncommon

Pancreatitis

Nausea

Dyspepsia

Pancreatitis

Hepatobiliary disorders

Very common

AST increased

ALT increased

Alkaline phosphatase increased

 

Common

Blood lactate dehydrogenase increased

Hyperbilirubinaemia

ALT increased

AST increased

Alkaline phosphatase increased

Hyperbilirubinaemia

Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders

Very Common

Rashm

Pruritus

 

Common

Dry skin

Photosensitivity reaction

Rashm

Photosensitivity reaction

Uncommon

 

Dry skin

Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders

Very common

Blood CPK increased

Myalgian

Arthralgia

Musculoskeletal chest pain

Blood CPK increased

 

Common

Pain in extremity

Musculoskeletal stiffness

Pain in extremity

Uncommon

 

Myalgian

 

Renal and urinary disorders

Very common

Blood creatinine increased

 

General disorders and administration site conditions

Very common

Fatigueo

Oedemap

Pyrexia

 

Common

Pain

Non‑cardiac chest pain

Chest discomfort

Fatigueo

 

Uncommon

 

Non‑cardiac chest pain

Pyrexia

Investigations

Common

Weight decreased

 

Uncommon

 

Weight decreased

a Includes atypical pneumonia, pneumonia, pneumonia aspiration, pneumonia pseudomonal, lower respiratory tract infection, lower respiratory tract infection viral, lung infection

b Grade not applicable

c Includes headache, sinus headache, head discomfort, migraine, tension headache

d Includes paraesthesia, peripheral sensory neuropathy, dysaesthesia, hyperaesthesia, hypoaesthesia, neuralgia, neuropathy peripheral, neurotoxicity, peripheral motor neuropathy, polyneuropathy

e Includes altered visual depth perception, asthenopia, cataract, colour blindness acquired, diplopia, glaucoma, intraocular pressure increased, macular oedema, photophobia, photopsia, retinal oedema, vision blurred, visual acuity reduced, visual field defect, visual impairment, vitreous detachment, vitreous floaters, amaurosis fugax

f Includes sinus tachycardia, tachycardia

g Includes bradycardia, sinus bradycardia

h Includes dyspnoea, dyspnoea exertional

i Includes interstitial lung disease, pneumonitis

j Includes diarrhoea, diarrhoea infectious

k Includes abdominal discomfort, abdominal distension, abdominal pain, abdominal pain lower, abdominal pain upper, epigastric discomfort

l Includes aphthous stomatitis, stomatitis, aphthous ulcer, mouth ulceration, oral mucosal blistering

m Includes dermatitis acneiform, erythema, exfoliative rash, rash, rash erythematous, rash macular, rash maculo‑papular, rash papular, rash pruritic, rash pustular, dermatitis, dermatitis allergic, generalised erythema, rash follicular, urticaria

n Includes musculoskeletal pain, myalgia, muscle spasms, muscle tightness, muscle twitching, musculoskeletal discomfort

o Includes asthenia, fatigue

p Includes eyelid oedema, face oedema, localised oedema, oedema peripheral, periorbital oedema, swelling face, generalised oedema, peripheral swelling

The frequencies for ADR terms associated with chemistry and haematology laboratory changes were determined based on the frequency of abnormal laboratory shifts from baseline.

 

Description of selected adverse reactions

 

Pulmonary adverse reactions

In ALTA, 6.4% of patients experienced pulmonary adverse reactions of any grade, including ILD/pneumonitis, pneumonia and dyspnoea, early in treatment (within 9 days, median onset: 2 days); 2.7% of patients had Grade 3‑4 pulmonary adverse reactions and 1 patient (0.5%) had fatal pneumonia. Following Grade 1‑2 pulmonary adverse reactions, treatment with Alunbrig was either interrupted and then restarted or the dose was reduced. Early pulmonary adverse reactions also occurred in a dose escalation study in patients (N = 137) (Study 101) including three fatal cases (hypoxia, acute respiratory distress syndrome and pneumonia).

 

Additionally, 2.3% of patients in ALTA experienced pneumonitis later in treatment, with 2 patients having Grade 3 pneumonitis (see sections 4.2 and 4.4).

 

Elderly

In ALTA, 13.5% of patients ≥ 65 years of age experienced an early pulmonary adverse reaction compared with 4.2% of patients < 65 years of age.

 

Hypertension

In ALTA, hypertension was reported in 28% of patients treated with Alunbrig at the 180 mg regimen with 10% having Grade 3 hypertension. Dose reduction for hypertension occurred in 0.9% at the 180 mg regimen. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, in all patients, increased over time (see sections 4.2 and 4.4).

 

Bradycardia

In ALTA, bradycardia was reported in 4.5% of patients treated with Alunbrig at the 180 mg regimen.

 

Heart rates of less than 50 beats per minute (bpm) were reported in 8.2% of patients at the 180 mg regimen. (see sections 4.2 and 4.4).

 

Visual disturbance

In ALTA, visual disturbance adverse reactions were reported in 18% of patients treated with Alunbrig at the 180 mg regimen. Of these, three Grade 3 adverse reactions (2.7%) including macular oedema and cataract were reported.

 

Dose reduction for visual disturbance occurred in two patients (1.8%) at the 180 mg regimen (see sections 4.2 and 4.4).

 

Peripheral neuropathy

In ALTA, peripheral neuropathy adverse reactions were reported in 27.3% of patients treated at the 180 mg regimen. Thirty percent of patients had resolution of all peripheral neuropathy adverse reactions. The median duration of peripheral neuropathy adverse reactions was 4.5 months, with a maximum duration of 28.7 months.

 

Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) elevation

In ALTA, elevations of CPK were reported in 50% of patients treated with Alunbrig at the 180 mg regimen. The incidence of Grade 3‑4 elevations of CPK was 13.6%. The median time to onset for CPK elevations was 27 days.

 

Dose reduction for CPK elevation occurred in 6.4% patients at the 180 mg regimen (see sections 4.2 and 4.4).

 

Elevations of pancreatic enzymes

In ALTA, elevations of amylase and lipase were reported in 43% and 50% of patients treated with Alunbrig, respectively at the 180 mg regimen. For elevations to Grade 3 and 4, the incidences for amylase and lipase were 8.2% and 10%, respectively. The median time to onset for amylase elevations and lipase elevations was 17 days and 29 days, respectively.

 

Dose reduction for elevation of lipase and amylase occurred in 1.8% and 0.9% of patients, respectively at the 180 mg regimen (see sections 4.2 and 4.4).

 

Elevation of hepatic enzymes

In ALTA, elevations of ALT and AST were reported in 46% and 65% of patients treated with Alunbrig, respectively at the 180 mg regimen. For elevations to Grade 3 and 4, the incidences for ALT and AST were 5.5% and 3.6%, respectively.

 

No patients had dose reductions due to elevation of ALT or AST.

 

Hyperglycaemia

In ALTA, 69% of patients experienced hyperglycaemia. Grade 3 hyperglycemia occurred in 7.3% of patients.

 

No patients had dose reductions due to hyperglycaemia.

 

Reporting of suspected adverse reactions

Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the national pharmacovigilance  and drug safety center (NPC)

 

 

To report any side effect(s):

·         Saudi Arabia:

 

-          The National Pharmacovigilance and Drug Safety Centre (NPC)

  • Fax: +966-11-205-7662
  • Call NPC at +966-11-2038222, Exts: 2317-2356-2340.
  • Toll free phone: 8002490000
  • Reporting hotline: 19999

o   E-mail: npc.drug@sfda.gov.sa

o   Website: www.sfda.gov.sa/npc

 

·         Other GCC States:

 

-          Please contact the relevant competent authority.


There is no specific antidote for overdose with Alunbrig. In the event of an overdose, monitor the patient for adverse reactions (see section 4.8) and provide appropriate supportive care.


Pharmacotherapeutic group: antineoplastic agent, protein kinase inhibitors, ATC code: L01XE43

 

Mechanism of action

Brigatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets ALK, c‑ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), and insulin‑like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF‑1R). Brigatinib inhibited autophosphorylation of ALK and ALK‑mediated phosphorylation of the downstream signalling protein STAT3 in in vitro and in vivo assays.

 

Brigatinib inhibited the in vitro proliferation of cell lines expressing EML4‑ALK and NPM‑ALK fusion proteins and demonstrated dose‑dependent inhibition of EML4‑ALK‑positive NSCLC xenograft growth in mice. Brigatinib inhibited the in vitro and in vivo viability of cells expressing mutant forms of EML4‑ALK associated with resistance to ALK inhibitors, including G1202R and L1196M.

 

Cardiac electrophysiology

In Study 101, the QT interval prolongation potential of Alunbrig was assessed in 123 patients with advanced malignancies following once daily brigatinib doses of 30 mg to 240 mg. The maximum mean QTcF (corrected QT by the Fridericia method) change from baseline was less than 10 msec. An exposure‑QT analysis suggested no concentration‑dependent QTc interval prolongation.

 

Clinical efficacy and safety

 

ALTA

The safety and efficacy of Alunbrig was evaluated in a randomised (1:1), open‑label, multicenter trial (ALTA) in 222 adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic ALK‑positive NSCLC who had progressed on crizotinib. Eligibility criteria permitted enrolment of patients with a documented ALK rearrangement based on a validated test, ECOG Performance Status of 0‑2, and prior chemotherapy. Additionally, patients with central nervous system (CNS) metastases were included, provided they were neurologically stable and did not require an increasing dose of corticosteroids. Patients with a history of pulmonary interstitial disease or drug‑related pneumonitis were excluded.

 

Patients were randomised in a 1:1 ratio to receive Alunbrig either 90 mg once daily (90 mg regimen, N = 112) or 180 mg once daily with 7‑day lead‑in at 90 mg once daily (180 mg regimen, N = 110). The median duration of follow‑up was 22.9 months. Randomisation was stratified by brain metastases (present, absent) and best prior response to crizotinib therapy (complete or partial response, any other response/unknown).

 

The major outcome measure was confirmed objective response rate (ORR) according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST v1.1) as evaluated by investigator. Additional outcome measures included confirmed ORR as evaluated by an Independent Review Committee (IRC); time to response; progression free survival (PFS); duration of response (DOR); overall survival; and intracranial ORR and intracranial DOR as evaluated by an IRC.

 

Baseline demographics and disease characteristics in ALTA were median age 54 years old (range 18 to 82; 23% 65 and over), 67% White and 31% Asian, 57% female, 36% ECOG PS 0 and 57% ECOG PS 1, 7% ECOG PS2, 60% never smoker, 35% former smoker, 5% current smoker, 98% Stage IV, 97% adenocarcinoma, and 74% prior chemotherapy. The most common sites of extra‑thoracic metastasis included 69% brain (of whom 62% had received prior radiation to the brain), 39% bone, and 26% liver.

 

Efficacy results from ALTA analysis are summarised in Table 4. and the Kaplan‑Meier (KM) curve for investigator‑assessed PFS is shown in Figure 1.

 

Table 4: Efficacy results in ALTA (ITT population)

Efficacy parameter

Investigator assessment

IRC assessment

90 mg regimen*
N = 112

180 mg regimen
N = 110

90 mg regimen*
N = 112

180 mg regimen
N = 110

Objective response rate

(%)

46%

56%

51%

56%

CI

(35, 57)

(45, 67)

(41, 61)

(47, 66)

Time to response

Median (months)

1.8

1.9

1.8

1.9

Duration of response

Median (months)

12.0

13.8

16.4

15.7

95% CI

(9.2,17.7)

(10.2,19.3)

(7.4, 24.9)

(12.8, 21.8)

Progression‑free survival

Median (months)

9.2

15.6

9.2

16.7

95% CI

(7.4, 11.1)

(11.1, 21)

(7.4, 12.8)

(11.6, 21.4)

Overall survival

Median (months)

29.5

34.1

NA

NA

95% CI

(18.2, NE)

(27.7, NE)

NA

NA

12‑month survival probability (%)

70.3%

80.1%

NA

NA

CI = Confidence Interval; NE = Not Estimable; NA = Not Applicable

*90 mg once daily regimen

180 mg once daily with 7‑day lead‑in at 90 mg once daily

Confidence Interval for investigator assessed ORR is 97.5% and for IRC assessed ORR is 95%

eviations: ITT = Intent‑to‑treat

Note: Progression‑Free survival was defined as time from initiation of treatment until the date at which disease progression was first evident or death, whichever comes first.

*90 mg once daily regimen

180 mg once daily with 7‑day lead‑in at 90 mg once daily

 

IRC assessments of intracranial ORR and duration of intracranial response in patients from ALTA with measurable brain metastases (≥ 10 mm in longest diameter) at baseline are summarised in Table 5.

 

Table 5: Intracranial efficacy in patients with measurable brain metastases at baseline in ALTA

IRC-assessed efficacy parameter

Patients with measurable brain metastases at baseline

90 mg regimen*
(N = 26)

180 mg regimen
(N = 18)

Intracranial objective response rate

(%)

50%

67%

95% CI

(30, 70)

(41, 87)

Intracranial disease control rate

(%)

85%

83%

95% CI

(65, 96)

(59, 96)

Duration of intracranial response,

Median (months)

9.4

16.6

95% CI

(3.7, 24.9)

(3.7, NE)

% CI = Confidence Interval; NE = Not Estimable

*90 mg once daily regimen

180 mg once daily with 7‑day lead‑in at 90 mg once daily

Events include intracranial disease progression (new lesions, intracranial target lesion diameter growth ≥ 20% from nadir, or unequivocal progression of intracranial non‑target lesions) or death.

 

In patients with any brain metastases at baseline, intracranial disease control rate was 77.8% (95% CI 67.2‑86.3) in the 90 mg arm (N = 81) and 85.1% (95% CI 75‑92.3) in the 180 mg arm (N=74).

 

Study 101

In a separate dose finding study, 25 patients with ALK‑positive NSCLC that progressed on crizotinib were administered Alunbrig at 180 mg once daily with 7‑day lead‑in at 90 mg once daily regimen. Of these, 19 patients had an investigator‑assessed confirmed objective response (76%; 95% CI: 55, 91) and the KM estimate median duration of response among the 19 responders was 26.1 months (95% CI: 7.9, 26.1). The KM median PFS was 16.3 months (95% CI: 9.2, NE) and the 12‑month probability of overall survival was 84.0% (95% CI: 62.8, 93.7).

 

Paediatric population

 

The European Medicines Agency has waived the obligation to submit the results of studies with Alunbrig in all subsets of the paediatric population in lung carcinoma (small cell and non‑small cell carcinoma) (see section 4.2 for information on paediatric use).


Absorption

 

In Study 101, following administration of a single oral dose of brigatinib (30‑240 mg) in patients, the median time to peak concentration (Tmax) was 1‑4 hours postdose. After a single dose and at steady state, systemic exposure was dose proportional over the dose range of 60‑240 mg once daily. Modest accumulation was observed upon repeated dosing (geometric mean accumulation ratio: 1.9 to 2.4). The geometric mean steady state Cmax of brigatinib at doses of 90 mg and 180 mg once daily was 552 and 1,452 ng/mL, respectively, and the corresponding AUC0‑t was 8,165 and 20,276 h∙ng/mL, respectively. Brigatinib is a substrate of the transporter proteins P‑gp and BCRP.

 

In healthy subjects, compared to overnight fasting, a high fat meal reduced brigatinib Cmax by 13% with no effect on AUC. Brigatinib can be administered with or without food.

 

Distribution

 

Brigatinib was moderately bound (91%) to human plasma proteins and binding was not concentration‑dependent. The blood‑to‑plasma concentration ratio is 0.69. In patients given brigatinib 180 mg once daily, the geometric mean apparent volume of distribution (Vz/F) of brigatinib at steady state was 153 L, indicating moderate distribution into tissues.

 

Biotransformation

 

In vitro studies demonstrated that brigatinib is primarily metabolised by CYP2C8 and CYP3A4, and to a much lesser extent by CYP3A5.

 

Following oral administration of a single 180 mg dose of [14C]brigatinib to healthy subjects, N‑demethylation and cysteine conjugation were the two major metabolic clearance pathways. In urine and faeces combined, 48%, 27%, and 9.1% of the radioactive dose was excreted as unchanged brigatinib, N‑desmethyl brigatinib (AP26123), and brigatinib cysteine conjugate, respectively. Unchanged brigatinib was the major circulating radioactive component (92%) along with AP26123 (3.5%), the primary metabolite also observed in vitro. In patients, at steady state, the plasma AUC of AP26123 was < 10% of brigatinib exposure. In in vitro kinase and cellular assays, the metabolite, AP26123, inhibited ALK with approximately 3‑fold lower potency than brigatinib.

 

Elimination

 

In patients given brigatinib 180 mg once daily, the geometric mean apparent oral clearance (CL/F) of brigatinib at steady state was 13 L/h and the median plasma elimination half‑life was 24 h.

 

The primary route of excretion of brigatinib is in faeces. In six healthy male subjects given a single 180 mg oral dose of [14C]brigatinib, 65% of the administered dose was recovered in faeces and 25% of the administered dose was recovered in urine. Unchanged brigatinib represented 41% and 86% of the total radioactivity in faeces and urine, respectively, the remainder being metabolites.

 

Specific populations

 

Hepatic impairment

The pharmacokinetics of brigatinib was characterised in healthy subjects with normal hepatic function (N = 9), and patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child‑Pugh class A, N = 6), moderate hepatic impairment (Child‑Pugh class B, N = 6), or severe hepatic impairment (Child‑Pugh class C, N = 6). The pharmacokinetics of brigatinib was similar between healthy subjects with normal hepatic function and patients with mild (Child‑Pugh class A) or moderate (Child‑Pugh class B) hepatic impairment. Unbound AUC0‑INF was 37% higher in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child‑Pugh class C) as compared to healthy subjects with normal hepatic function (see section 4.2).

 

Renal impairment

The pharmacokinetics of brigatinib is similar in patients with normal renal function and in patients with mild or moderate renal impairment (eGFR ≥ 30 mL/min) based on the results of population pharmacokinetic analyses. In a pharmacokinetic study, unbound AUC0‑INF was 94% higher in patients with severe renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min, N = 6) as compared to patients with normal renal function (eGFR ≥ 90 mL/min, N = 8) (see section 4.2).

 

Race and gender

Population pharmacokinetic analyses showed that race and gender had no impact on the pharmacokinetics of brigatinib.

 

Age, body weight, and albumin concentrations

The population pharmacokinetic analyses showed that body weight, age, and albumin concentration had no clinically relevant impact on the pharmacokinetics of brigatinib.


Safety pharmacology studies with brigatinib identified potential for pulmonary effects (altered respiration rate; 1‑2 times the human Cmax), cardiovascular effects (altered heart rate and blood pressure; at 0.5 times the human Cmax), and renal effects (reduced renal function; at 1‑2.5 times the human Cmax), but did not indicate any potential for QT prolongation or neurofunctional effects.

 

Adverse reactions seen in animals at exposure levels similar to clinical exposure levels with possible relevance to clinical use were as follows: gastrointestinal system, bone marrow, eyes, testes, liver, kidney, bone, and heart. These effects were generally reversible during the non‑dosing recovery period; however, effects in the eyes and testes were notable exceptions due to lack of recovery.

In repeated dose toxicity studies, lung changes (foamy alveolar macrophages) were noted in monkeys at ≥ 0.2 times the human AUC; however, these were minimal and similar to those reported as background findings in naive monkeys, and there was no clinical evidence of respiratory distress in these monkeys.

 

Carcinogenicity studies have not been performed with brigatinib.

 

Brigatinib was not mutagenic in vitro in the bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) or the mammalian cell chromosomal aberration assays, but slightly increased the number of micronuclei in a rat bone marrow micronucleus test. The mechanism of micronucleus induction was abnormal chromosome segregation (aneugenicity) and not a clastogenic effect on chromosomes. This effect was observed at approximately five fold the human exposure at the 180 mg once daily dose.

 

Brigatinib may impair male fertility. Testicular toxicity was observed in repeat‑dose animal studies. In rats, findings included lower weight of testes, seminal vesicles and prostate gland, and testicular tubular degeneration; these effects were not reversible during the recovery period. In monkeys, findings included reduced size of testes along with microscopic evidence of hypospermatogenesis; these effects were reversible during the recovery period. Overall, these effects on the male reproductive organs in rats and monkeys occurred at exposures ≥ 0.2‑times the AUC observed in patients at the 180 mg once daily dose. No apparent adverse effects on female reproductive organs were observed in general toxicology studies in rats and monkeys.

 

In an embryo‑foetal development study in which pregnant rats were administered daily doses of brigatinib during organogenesis; dose‑related skeletal anomalies were observed at doses as low as approximately 0.7‑times the human exposure by AUC at the 180 mg once daily dose. Findings included embryo‑lethality, reduced foetal growth, and skeletal variations.


Tablet core

Lactose monohydrate

Microcrystalline cellulose

Sodium starch glycolate (type A)

Silica colloidal hydrophobic

Magnesium stearate

 

Tablet coating

Talc

Macrogol

Polyvinyl alcohol

Titanium dioxide


Not applicable.


3 years

Store below 30°C,

Store in the original container, Protect from light.

 


Alunbrig 180 mg film‑coated tablets

Clear thermoformable poly‑chloro‑tri‑fluoro‑ethylene (PCTFE) blister with heat sealable paper‑laminated foil lidding in a carton, containing 28 film‑coated tablets.

 

Not all pack sizes may be marketed.


Patients should be advised to keep the desiccant canister in the bottle and not to swallow it.

 

Any unused medicinal product or waste material should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements


Takeda Pharma A/S Dybendal Alle 10 2630 Taastrup Denmark

This SPC is last revised in January 2020
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